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HIGH SCHOOL

Mathematics

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Calculus

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Differential Equations

Population Growth: Exponential vs. Logistic

Description

Population growth can be modeled with differential equations by treating population size, P(t), as a function of time. The derivative of P(t) shows how fast the population changes. A simple starting idea is that the growth rate is proportional to the population size.

That assumption gives an expo...

Transcript

用微分方程建模人口增长可以连接关于人口随时间变化的假设。假设资源无限,人口增长率与其规模成正比。

将这一假设转化为方程,得到一个指数解的一阶微分方程。

实际上,食物、水、住所和能源等资源是有限的,人口增长限制在称为承载容量 M的最大可持续规模内。

如果人口少 于M,则资源充足,增长趋向 M。如果超过 M,短缺会导致更高的死亡率或迁移,减少人口。

为了建模这些趋势,需要假设两个:首先,对于较小的 Pt)值,增长率与 Pt)成正比;其次,如果 Pt)超过 M,种群开始减少。

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