Name: capacitance in series and parallel
Uploaded: 2024-04-11T12:48:39.000Z
Duration: 1 min 14 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

High School

Chemistry and Physics

IPC.6

IPC.6.A

Series and Parallel Capacitors

Kondensatoren können in Reihe und/oder parallel innerhalb einer Schaltung geschaltet werden.
Betrachten Sie die Kondensatoren, die in Reihe mit einer Batterie verbunden sind; die Platte, die mit dem Pluspol der Batterie verbunden ist, entwickelt eine positive Ladung, während die Platte, die am Minuspol befestigt ist, negativ geladen wird.
Eine gleiche Größe der Ladung wird auf den anderen Platten induziert, und durch jeden Kondensator fließt derselbe Strom.
Wenn man das Kirchhoffsche Spannungsgesetz auf die Schleife anwendet und die Spannung an jedem Kondensator einsetzt, erhält man den Ausdruck für die Gesamtspannung an jedem äquivalenten Kondensator, wobei die Anfangsspannung am äquivalenten Kondensator gleich der Summe der Anfangsspannungen an jedem Kondensator ist.
Der Kehrwert der äquivalenten Kapazität ist die Summe der Kehrwerte der einzelnen Kapazitäten.
Werden nun die Kondensatoren parallel geschaltet, entspricht die Potentialdifferenz, die sich über jeden Kondensator entwickelt, der Batteriespannung.
Durch Anwendung des Kirchhoffschen Stromgesetzes und Substitution des Stroms für jeden Kondensator wird der Gesamtstrom bestimmt, der durch den äquivalenten Kondensator fließt. Die äquivalente Kapazität ist die Summe der einzelnen Kapazitäten.

serien- und parallelkondensatoren

Kondensatoren, grundlegende Komponenten in elektronischen Schaltkreisen, können in Reihen- und/oder Parallelschaltung geschaltet werden. Jede Konfiguration hat unterschiedliche Auswirkungen auf das Gesamtverhalten der Schaltung. Betrachten Sie zunächst Kondensatoren, die in Reihe zu einer Batterie geschaltet sind. In dieser Konfiguration entwickelt die Platte, die mit dem Pluspol der Batterie verbunden ist, eine positive Ladung, während die Platte, die mit dem Minuspol verbunden ist, negativ geladen wird. Auf den anderen Platten wird eine Ladung gleicher Größe induziert, was zeigt, dass durch jeden Kondensator in einer Reihenschaltung der gleiche Strom fließt. Wenn man das Spannungsgesetz von Kirchhoff, das besagt, dass die Gesamtspannung um jede geschlossene Schleife in einem Stromkreis gleich Null sein muss, auf die Schleife anwendet und die Spannung an jedem Kondensator ersetzt, erhält man einen Ausdruck für die Gesamtspannung an dem entsprechenden Kondensator. In diesem Fall entspricht die Anfangsspannung am äquivalenten Kondensator der Summe der Anfangsspannungen an jedem Kondensator. Der Kehrwert der äquivalenten Kapazität in einer Reihenschaltung ist die Summe der Kehrwerte der einzelnen Kapazitäten. Wenn andererseits Kondensatoren parallel geschaltet sind, entspricht die an jedem Kondensator entstehende Potenzialdifferenz der Batteriespannung. Dies liegt daran, dass alle Kondensatoren in einer Parallelschaltung die gleiche Spannungsquelle nutzen. Indem wir das Kirchhoffsche Stromgesetz anwenden, das besagt, dass der Gesamtstrom, der in einen Knotenpunkt eintritt, dem Gesamtstrom entsprechen muss, der ihn verlässt, und indem wir den Strom für jeden Kondensator ersetzen, können wir den Gesamtstrom bestimmen, der durch den entsprechenden Kondensator fließt. Bei einer Parallelschaltung ist die äquivalente Kapazität einfach die Summe der einzelnen Kapazitäten. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass es in der Elektronik von entscheidender Bedeutung ist, zu verstehen, wie sich Kondensatoren in Reihen- und Parallelschaltungen verhalten. Dieses Wissen ermöglicht es Ingenieuren, die Gesamtkapazität einer Schaltung zu manipulieren und dadurch die Reaktion der Schaltung auf verschiedene Signale zu steuern. Ob bei Filteranwendungen, der Glättung der Stromversorgung oder der Signalkopplung, Kondensatoren und ihre Konfigurationen spielen eine entscheidende Rolle.

Serien- und Parallelkondensatoren

Kondensatoren können in Reihe und/oder parallel innerhalb einer Schaltung geschaltet werden.
Betrachten Sie die Kondensatoren, die in Reihe mit einer Batterie verbunden sind. Die Platte ...

Education

Lehre

JoVE Core

Electrical Engineering

Elektrotechnik

Unit 1

Einheit 1

Energy Storage Elements

Energiespeicherelemente

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capacitance in series and parallel

Capacitors in series and parallel affect a circuit in different ways. These arrangements change the total capacitance, which is the circuit's overall ability to store charge. Knowing the difference helps explain how a circuit responds to signals.

When capacitors are connected in series to a battery, the plate tied to the battery's positive terminal becomes positively charged. The plate connected to the negative terminal becomes negatively charged. The other plates develop equal and opposite charge, which shows that the same current passes through each capacitor in a series path.

Kirchhoff's voltage law is used to analyze the series loop. This law says the total voltage around a closed loop must equal zero. When the capacitor voltages are added, the equivalent capacitor has a total voltage equal to the sum of the individual voltages. For capacitors in series, the reciprocal of the equivalent capacitance equals the sum of the reciprocals of the separate capacitances.

Parallel capacitors behave differently. In a parallel connection, each capacitor has the same potential difference as the battery voltage because they share the same source. Kirchhoff's current law can then be applied at the junction. This law states that current entering a junction must equal current leaving it, which leads to the total current for the equivalent capacitor.

For capacitors in parallel, the equivalent capacitance is the sum of the individual capacitances. Understanding series and parallel capacitor circuits is important in electronics. It helps engineers adjust capacitance for filtering, power supply smoothing, and signal coupling.

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Capacitance in Series and Parallel

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