Name: interphase in the cell growth cycle
Uploaded: 2019-03-11T09:21:14.000Z
Duration: 54 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

north-carolina-k-12-science-standard-course-of-study

North Carolina K-12 Science Standard Course of Study

9-12

Biology

from-molecules-to-organisms-structures-and-processes

From Molecules to Organisms- Structures and Processes

LS.Bio.2.1

Interphase

- [Narrador] En las células eucariotas,

la mayor parte del ciclo
celular es la interfase

y se divide en 3 estapas: G1, S y G2.

En la G1, la primer fase de intervalo,

una nueva célula hija crece en tamaño

y se prepara para la
multiplicación del ADN

en la siguiente fase.

En la S, la fase de síntesis,

las células duplican
el ADN de sus núcleos,

que se mantiene condensada
en forma de cromatina.

Las células también
duplican los centrosomas,

la estructura organizadora
compuesta de microtúbulos

que forma el sistema del huso mitótico.

Por último, en la G2, la
segunda fase de intervalo,

las células continúan
creciendo, multiplican organelas

y proteínas que son
necesarias para la mitosis

y reponen sus depósitos de energía.

La célula, en ese momento,
está lista para entrar

en la primera etapa de mitosis.

Schafer, K. A. "El ciclo celular: una revisión". Veterinary Pathology 35, no. 6 (1 de noviembre de 1998): 461–78. [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/030098589803500601" target="__blank">Fuente</a>]

interfase

El ciclo celular ocurre durante aproximadamente 24 horas (en una célula humana típica) y en dos etapas distintas: interfase, que incluye tres fases del ciclo celular (G1, S y G2) y mitosis (M). Durante la interfase, que ocupa aproximadamente el 95 por ciento de la duración del ciclo celular eucariota, las células crecen y replican su ADN en preparación para la mitosis. <h4>PFases de la interfase</h4> Después de cada período de mitosis y citocinesis, las células eucariotas entran en la interfase, durante la cual crecen y replican su ADN en preparación para la siguiente división mitótica. Durante la fase G1 (espacio 1), las células crecen continuamente y se preparan para la replicación del ADN. Durante esta fase, las células son metabólicamente activas y copian orgánulos esenciales y moléculas bioquímicas, como las proteínas. En la siguiente fase S (síntesis) de la interfase, las células duplican su ADN nuclear, que permanece empaquetado en cromatina semicondensada. Durante la fase S, las células también duplican el centrosoma, una estructura organizadora de microtúbulos que forma el aparato del huso mitótico. El huso mitótico separa los cromosomas durante la mitosis. En la fase G2 (espacio 2), que sigue a la síntesis de ADN, las células continúan creciendo y sintetizando proteínas y orgánulos para prepararse para la mitosis. En las células humanas, la fase G1 dura aproximadamente 11 horas, la fase S dura aproximadamente 8 horas y la fase G2 dura aproximadamente 4 horas. Durante G1, las células son diploides (2n, un par de cada cromosoma). Después de la replicación en la fase S, las células aumentan su contenido de ADN a 4n. Las células permanecen 4n hasta la citocinesis, momento en el que su contenido de ADN se reduce a 2n.

Interfase

El ciclo celular ocurre durante aproximadamente 24 horas (en una célula humana típica) y en dos etapas distintas: interfase, que incluye tres fases de la ...

Education

Educación

JoVE Core

Biología

Cellular Processes

Procesos celulares

Cell Cycle and Division

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KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TÉRMINOS Y CONCEPTOS CLAVE

interphase in the cell growth cycle

Interphase is the stage of the cell cycle when a eukaryotic cell grows and copies its DNA before mitosis. In a typical human cell, the full cell cycle takes about 24 hours, and interphase makes up about 95 percent of that time. It is followed by mitosis, also called M, when the cell divides.

After mitosis and cytokinesis, cells enter the G1 phase, or gap 1. During G1, cells grow continuously and prepare for DNA replication. They are metabolically active and copy essential organelles and biochemical molecules, including proteins.

The next stage is S phase, or synthesis phase. In this phase, the cell duplicates its nuclear DNA, which stays packed in semi-condensed chromatin. The centrosome is also duplicated. This microtubule-organizing structure helps form the mitotic spindle, which separates chromosomes during mitosis.

After DNA synthesis, the cell enters G2, or gap 2. During G2, cells keep growing and make more proteins and organelles to prepare for mitosis. In human cells, G1 lasts about 11 hours, S phase about 8 hours, and G2 about 4 hours.

The DNA content of the cell also changes during interphase. In G1, cells are diploid, or 2n, with one pair of each chromosome. After DNA replication in S phase, the DNA content rises to 4n. Cells stay at 4n until cytokinesis, when the DNA content returns to 2n.

Interphase in the Cell Growth Cycle

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The cell cycle is the set of steps a eukaryotic cell follows as it grows and divides. In somatic cells, it has two main stages: interphase and the mitotic phase. During interphase, the cell grows, carries out its basic metabolic functions, copies its DNA, and gets ready for mitotic cell division. After interphase, the cell enters mitosis and cytokinesis. Mitosis divides the nuclear material, and cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm. These steps produce two daughter cells that are identical to the...

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interphase

Interphase is the stage of the cell cycle when a eukaryotic cell grows and copies its DNA before mitosis. In a typical human cell, the full cell cycle takes about 24 hours, and interphase makes up about 95 percent of that time. It is followed by mitosis, also called M, when the cell divides. After mitosis and cytokinesis, cells enter the G1 phase, or gap 1. During G1, cells grow continuously and prepare for DNA replication. They are metabolically active and copy essential organelles and...

mitosis and cytokinesis

Cell Cycle Stages in Mitosis

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negative regulator molecules

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Cancer develops when mutations affect genes that control cell division. Those changes can remove the normal brakes on growth and lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have improved how cancer is understood and treated, and some patients can now be cured. There is still no single cure for cancer because cancer is not one disease. It is a large group of many diseases. Even when two people have the same mutation in an oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene, their...

key terms and concepts

Follow the three stages of interphase—G1, S, and G2—and see how cells grow, copy DNA, and prepare for mitosis in the human cell cycle.

Interphase in the Cell Growth Cycle | JoVE K12

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Interphase in the Cell Growth Cycle

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