Name: voltage balance in closed circuit loops
Uploaded: 2024-04-11T12:48:28.000Z
Duration: 1 min 4 s
Channel: JoVE

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Arizona Science Standards

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Physical Science

HS+Phy.P4

HS+Phy.P4U1.8

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law

La ley de voltaje de Kirchhoff, o KVL, se basa en el principio de conservación de energía.
Establece que la suma algebraica de todos los voltajes alrededor de una ruta cerrada o bucle dentro de un circuito es cero.
La dirección del bucle alrededor del circuito puede ser en el sentido de las agujas del reloj o en sentido contrario a las agujas del reloj y puede comenzar desde cualquier lugar.
Una vez que se elige la dirección del bucle, los voltajes positivos tienen su terminal negativo encontrado primero, y los voltajes negativos tienen su terminal positivo encontrado primero.
La aplicación de KVL a cada bucle y la reorganización de los términos da su forma alternativa, que establece que la suma de la caída de voltaje es igual a la suma de los voltajes suministrados.
Por ejemplo, considere las luces del árbol de Navidad donde tres luces LED conectadas en serie están ensartadas.
Si cada luz requiere tres voltios para encenderse, el voltaje necesario para que la batería alimente estas luces se determina aplicando KVL.
El voltaje de la batería es igual a la suma de la caída de voltaje entre las tres luces.

ley de voltaje de kirchhoff

La Ley de Voltaje de Kirchhoff (KVL) es otro principio fundamental en ingeniería eléctrica, introducido por el físico Gustav Robert Kirchhoff. Esta ley tiene sus raíces en el principio de conservación de la energía, que establece que la energía no se puede crear ni destruir, sólo transferir o convertir de una forma a otra. KVL establece que la suma algebraica de todos los voltajes alrededor de un camino o circuito cerrado dentro de un circuito es cero. Esto significa que el voltaje total suministrado en un bucle es igual a la caída de voltaje total en los componentes de ese bucle. La dirección del circuito alrededor del circuito puede ser en sentido horario o antihorario y puede comenzar desde cualquier punto. Una vez elegida la dirección del bucle, los voltajes positivos son aquellos en los que se encuentra primero el terminal negativo y los voltajes negativos son aquellos en los que se encuentra primero el terminal positivo. Al aplicar KVL en el sentido de las agujas del reloj y reorganizar los términos, existe una forma alternativa de la ley: la suma de las caídas de voltaje en los componentes de un bucle es igual a la suma de los voltajes suministrados. Considere, por ejemplo, un sistema de iluminación doméstico en el que se unen tres luces LED conectadas en serie. Cada luz requiere tres voltios para encenderse. Al aplicar KVL, podemos determinar el voltaje necesario para que la batería alimente estas luces. El voltaje de la batería es igual a la suma de la caída de voltaje en las tres luces, que es nueve voltios. Sin embargo, para que KVL sea verdadera, se debe cumplir una condición crucial: un circuito no puede contener dos voltajes diferentes en paralelo a menos que sean iguales. Esto se debe a que, en una conexión en paralelo, se aplica el mismo voltaje a todos los componentes y cualquier discrepancia violaría la ley de conservación de energía.

Ley de voltaje de Kirchhoff

La ley de voltaje de Kirchhoff, o KVL, se basa en el principio de conservación de energía.
Establece que la suma algebraica de todos los voltajes alrededor de un ...

Education

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Electrical Engineering

Ingeniería Eléctrica

Unit 1

Unidad 1

Basics of Electric Circuits

Fundamentos de los circuitos eléctricos

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

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voltage balance in closed circuit loops

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law explains how voltage is balanced in a closed circuit loop. It is a basic rule in electrical engineering and comes from the idea of energy conservation. Energy can change form, but it cannot be created or destroyed.

KVL states that the algebraic sum of all voltages around a closed path, or loop, is zero. In other words, the total voltage supplied in a loop equals the total voltage drop across the components in that loop. A loop can be traced clockwise or anticlockwise, and it can begin at any point.

The direction of the loop matters when you assign signs to voltages. If you meet the negative terminal first, the voltage is positive. If you meet the positive terminal first, the voltage is negative. When KVL is written in the clockwise direction and the terms are rearranged, the law can also be stated as the sum of voltage drops in a loop equals the sum of supplied voltages.

A simple household lighting example shows how KVL works. Three LED lights connected in series, with each light needing three volts, require a nine-volt battery to power them. The battery voltage matches the sum of the voltage drops across the three lights.

KVL also depends on an important circuit condition. A circuit cannot contain two different voltages in parallel unless those voltages are equal. In parallel connections, the same voltage appears across each component. If the voltages were different, the circuit would break the rule of energy conservation.

Voltage Balance in Closed Circuit Loops

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Circuit Elements: Passive, Active, and Linear

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Circuit Parts: Branches, Nodes, and Loops

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Resistance and Conductance in Circuits

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kirchhoff's current law

Kirchhoff's Current Law at Circuit Nodes

Kirchhoff's Current Law explains how current behaves at a circuit node. A node is the point where two or more circuit elements meet. The law says the current entering a node equals the current leaving it. That balance follows the rule of charge conservation, which means electric charge is not lost at the junction. When applying KCL, currents entering the node are treated as positive and currents leaving the node are treated as negative. The currents can be added algebraically at the node, and...

kirchhoff's voltage law

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law explains how voltage is balanced in a closed circuit loop. It is a basic rule in electrical engineering and comes from the idea of energy conservation. Energy can change form, but it cannot be created or destroyed. KVL states that the algebraic sum of all voltages around a closed path, or loop, is zero. In other words, the total voltage supplied in a loop equals the total voltage drop across the components in that loop. A loop can be traced clockwise or anticlockwise,...

voltage dividers

Series Resistors and Voltage Split

Series resistors split voltage across a circuit. In a series setup, resistors are linked one after another. The same current flows through each resistor in the chain. To analyze this behavior, Ohm's law is used to relate voltage, current, and resistance. Kirchhoff's voltage law says the voltages around a series loop add up to the source voltage. That means the current in the circuit equals the source voltage divided by the total resistance in series. The current value can then be used in Ohm's...

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Parallel Resistors and Current Division

Parallel resistors share the same two nodes, so each resistor has the same voltage across it. In this circuit setup, Kirchhoff's current law applies. The source current equals the sum of the currents through each branch. Ohm's law helps find the branch currents from the source voltage and the resistor values. The source current is equal to the source voltage times the sum of the reciprocals of the resistances. This makes it easier to calculate how current divides in the circuit. The current...

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design example: resistive touchscreen

Resistive Touchscreen Voltage Mapping

A resistive touchscreen uses voltage mapping to locate a finger touch on a mobile device. It is built from two metallic layers. The top layer is flexible, and the bottom layer is rigid. A narrow gap separates them, and the high resistance between the layers is an important part of the design. When a user touches the screen, the two layers meet at one point. That contact point is called the touchpoint. The touch lowers the resistance between the layers at that spot and changes the electrical...

key terms and concepts

Learn how Kirchhoff's Voltage Law balances voltage in a closed loop, how to assign signs, and why a series LED example needs a 9-volt battery.

Voltage Balance in Closed Circuit Loops | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Electrical Engineering offers easy-to-understand animated videos that cover fundamental concepts of electric circuits along with circuit analysis techniques. It incorporates first-order and second-order circuits using operational amplifiers and circuit transformation concepts. The inclusion of practical design examples and real-world applications through scientist-in-action videos adds significant educational value, making complex concepts accessible.

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Voltage Balance in Closed Circuit Loops

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