Name: protecting oceans for sustainable development
Uploaded: 2019-08-01T08:06:34.000Z
Duration: 1 min 43 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

north-carolina-k-12-science-standard-course-of-study

North Carolina K-12 Science Standard Course of Study

9-12

Biology

ecosystems-interactions-energy-and-dynamics

Ecosystems- Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics

LS.Bio.5.2

Sustainable Development

- [Narrateur] Le développement durable est la pratiquequi consiste à répondre aux besoins humainsactuels tout en veillant à ce que les générationsfutures disposent des ressources dont elles ont besoin. 
Trois grands domaines de développement,social, économique et écologique,sont entrelacés dans ce concept. 
D'un point de vue biologique,le développement durable exige de la recherchepour comprendre les enjeux écologiqueset mettre en œuvre des efforts de conservationpour préserver la biodiversité et les ressources naturelles. 
L'étude de la façon dont les organismes interagissententre eux et avec leur environnement et commentles écosystèmes sont affectés par les activités humaines,peut stimuler les efforts visant à maintenir ou à améliorerle niveau de vie des humains tout en protégeantla faune et en préservant la biodiversité. 
Les besoins énergétiques des pays industrialisés constituentun enjeu environnemental majeur du développement durable. 
Les combustibles fossiles sont encore très utilisésmais ils constituent une ressource limitée. 
De plus, leur combustion libère du dioxyde de carbonedans l'atmosphère entraînant des changements climatiques. 
Le remplacement des combustibles fossiles par des sourcesd'énergie renouvelables, comme l'énergie éolienne et solaireest un bon exemple de développement durable. 
La terre et l'eau sont également des ressources limitées,donc le développement durable de l'agriculture est essentielpour produire de la nourriture pour nous et pour l'avenir. 
La rotation des cultures dans les champsest un exemple de pratique agricole durable. 
La rotation des cultures minimise la perte d'élémentsnutritifs dans le sol et permet une croissance plus efficaceet réduit l'impact des parasites qui infestent certainescultures comme le maïs, sur plusieurs saisons de croissance.

Visbeck, Martin. « La recherche en sciences océaniques est essentielle pour un avenir durable. » Nature Communications 9, n° 1 (2018) : 690. [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03158-3">Source</a>]

développement durable

Alors que la population humaine continue de croître et d’utiliser les ressources, nous devons être conscients des limites naturelles de notre planète. Le développement durable offre une voie pour maintenir et améliorer la vie humaine dès maintenant tout en veillant à ce que les générations futures disposent des ressources dont elles ont besoin. Le succès à long terme des efforts de durabilité repose sur la compréhension de l’interaction entre les actions humaines et les systèmes écologiques.
 
 Les océans sont l’un des axes importants des efforts mondiaux de conservation. La surpêche, la pollution et les effets du changement climatique, tels que l’acidification des océans et l’élévation du niveau de la mer, ne sont que quelques-unes des principales préoccupations qui doivent être abordées afin de protéger les océans du monde. En plus de fournir de grandes quantités de nourriture pour les humains, les océans sont une source importante d’oxygène atmosphérique et fournissent un puits de carbone pour le gaz CO2. Ils contribuent également à réguler le climat et à influencer les conditions météorologiques partout dans le monde. 
 
 L’un des principaux centres d’attention du développement durable est la pêche en mer. Les méthodes de pêche modernes permettent la collecte d’un grand nombre de poissons à la fois, ce qui est efficace à court terme, mais provoque également l’épuisement local des populations de poissons, ce qui peut avoir des effets à travers le réseau alimentaire océanique. Les méthodes de pêche actuelles à grande échelle entraînent également la mort d’autres animaux, tels que les dauphins et les oiseaux de mer, qui sont capturés dans des filets avec les poissons visés délibérément. Par conséquent, les organisations pour la conservation collaborent avec l’industrie de la pêche afin de concevoir de nouveaux engins de pêche qui empêchent les captures non intentionnelles. En outre, des règlements ont été adoptés pour éviter l’épuisement des populations de poissons de valeur commerciale. À long terme, de tels efforts sont bénéfiques aussi pour les gens, qui ne peuvent continuer à compter sur le poisson comme source de nourriture que s’ils ne sont pas poussés à l’extinction.
 
 Le développement durable vise à améliorer la vie des humains, mais pour qu’il réussisse, il doit également impliquer une gestion soigneuse des écosystèmes et des autres organismes qui partagent la planète avec nous.

Développement durable

Alors que la population humaine continue de croître et d’utiliser les ressources, nous devons être conscients des limites naturelles de notre planète. Le développement durable offre une ...

Education

Enseignement

JoVE Core

Biologie

Ecology

Écologie

Biodiversity and Conservation

Biodiversité et conservation

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TERMES ET CONCEPTS CLÉS

protecting oceans for sustainable development

Sustainable development depends on protecting oceans while meeting human needs. As the human population grows and uses more resources, people must stay aware of the planet’s natural limits. The goal is to improve life now without taking away the resources future generations will need.

Long-term sustainability depends on understanding how human actions affect ecological systems. Oceans are a major part of this balance. They provide food for people, produce much of the atmosphere’s oxygen, and act as a carbon sink, which means they absorb and store carbon dioxide. Oceans also help regulate climate and shape weather patterns around the world.

Ocean conservation faces several major problems. Overfishing can reduce local fish populations and affect the entire ocean food web. Pollution, ocean acidification, and rising sea levels are also serious concerns linked to climate change. These pressures make it harder to protect marine ecosystems and the services they provide.

Fishing is one of the main areas where sustainable development is needed. Modern fishing methods can catch many fish at once, which is efficient in the short term. But these methods can also lead to unwanted catches, including dolphins and sea birds, and can deplete commercially valuable fish populations. Conservation groups and the fishing industry are working on new gear that reduces bycatch, the accidental capture of non-target animals. Regulations also help limit overuse of fish stocks. In the long run, these efforts support both ocean life and people who depend on fish as a food source.

Protecting Oceans for Sustainable Development

protecting-oceans-for-sustainable-development

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Sustainable development depends on protecting oceans while meeting human needs. As the human population grows and uses more resources, people must stay aware of the planet’s natural limits. The goal is to improve life now without taking away the resources future generations will need. Long-term sustainability depends on understanding how human actions affect ecological systems. Oceans are a major part of this balance. They provide food for people, produce much of the atmosphere’s oxygen, and...

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key terms and concepts

Learn how sustainable development depends on ocean protection, from overfishing and bycatch to climate impacts, fishery rules, and conservation efforts.

Protecting Oceans for Sustainable Development | JoVE K12

JoVE Core series brings biology to life through over 300 concise and easy-to-understand animated video lessons that explain key concepts in biology, plus more than 150 scientist-in-action videos that show actual research experiments conducted in today’s laboratories.

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La collection JoVE Core Biologie donne vie à la biologie à travers plus de 300 leçons vidéos animées concises et faciles à comprendre qui expliquent les concept clés de la biologie, mais aussi plus de 150 vidéos de scientifiques à l'action effectuant des expériences de recherche dans des laboratoires modernes.

Protecting Oceans for Sustainable Development

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