Name: engineered wood products in construction
Uploaded: 2024-09-12T16:16:32.000Z
Duration: 1 min 21 s
Channel: JoVE

Les produits du bois sont formés en liant des brins de bois, des placages, du bois et des déchets comme des déchiquettes de bois pour des applications structurelles et non structurelles.
Le bois lamellé-collé est obtenu en combinant de nombreux petits morceaux de bois dimensionnel avec de la colle.
Les bois lamellés-croisés sont des panneaux structurels fabriqués à partir de bois massif, où le sens du grain des pièces de bois alterne entre chaque couche.
Le bois lamellé-cloué est fabriqué à partir de pièces de bois dimensionnelles posées côte à côte et fixées avec des clous ou des vis.
En revanche, le bois lamellé-collé à goujon suit une procédure similaire, mais utilise des chevilles en bois séchées au lieu d’attaches métalliques.
Le bois lamellé-collé est produit à l’aide de brins de bois déchiquetés enduits d’adhésif plus longs, auxquels on donne une forme rectangulaire et qui sont durcis thermiquement sous pression.
Le bois à copeaux orientés, quant à lui, est fabriqué à partir de brins plus courts selon un processus similaire.
Ce processus produit également du bois à brins parallèles lorsqu’il est appliqué sur de minces bandes de placage disposées de manière parallèle uniforme.
Le bois de placage lamellé-collé est obtenu en collant de minces feuilles de placage de bois, chacune aussi large que la profondeur du produit final, pour former des éléments structurels plus épais et plus robustes.

produits du bois

Wood Products

Les produits du bois englobent une large gamme de matériaux fabriqués à partir de copeaux de bois, de placages, de bois d'œuvre et même de copeaux de bois de rebut, conçus à des fins structurelles et non structurelles. Divers produits du bois spécialisés ont été développés pour améliorer la résistance, la durabilité et la polyvalence dans les applications de construction.

Le bois lamellé-collé, souvent appelé glulam, combine plusieurs petits morceaux de bois de construction à l'aide d'adhésifs pour former une seule pièce plus grande. Le bois lamellé-croisé se compose de panneaux structurels fabriqués à partir de bois massif avec des couches disposées de manière à ce que le sens du grain alterne, améliorant ainsi la résistance et la stabilité du panneau.

Le bois lamellé-cloué est créé en plaçant des morceaux de bois de construction côte à côte et en fixant les pièces ensemble avec des clous ou des vis. Le bois lamellé-collé utilise une construction similaire mais remplace les attaches métalliques par des chevilles en bois séché, ce qui évite les ponts thermiques associés au métal.

Le bois lamellé-collé et le bois lamellé-collé orienté sont tous deux fabriqués en collant des copeaux de bois plus longs ou plus courts, respectivement, enduits d'adhésif puis durcis à chaud sous pression pour former des panneaux solides et uniformes. Le bois lamellé-collé comprend de fines bandes de placage disposées en parallèle avant d'être collées et durcies.

Le bois lamellé-collé est fabriqué en collant ensemble plusieurs couches de placage de bois dans la même direction pour créer un élément épais et solide utilisé dans diverses applications structurelles.

Ces produits en bois innovants offrent des performances et une durabilité améliorées dans les projets de construction modernes.

Produits du bois

Les produits du bois sont formés en liant des brins de bois, des placages, du bois et des déchets comme des déchiquettes de bois pour des applications structurelles et non structurelles.
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Education

Enseignement

JoVE Core

Civil Engineering

Génie civil

Unit 1

Unité 1

Wood

Bois

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TERMES ET CONCEPTS CLÉS

engineered wood products in construction

Engineered wood products are made from wood strands, veneers, lumber, and even waste wood shreds. They are used in both structural and nonstructural building applications. These materials are designed to improve strength, durability, and versatility in modern construction.

Glue-laminated wood, or glulam, is made by bonding several smaller pieces of dimensional lumber with adhesive. Cross-laminated timber uses solid lumber panels with layers placed so the grain direction alternates. This layer pattern helps improve panel strength and stability.

Other wood products use different fastening methods. Nail-laminated timber is made by placing dimensional lumber side by side and joining the pieces with nails or screws. Dowel-laminated timber uses the same basic layout, but it uses seasoned wooden dowels instead of metal fasteners. Using wood dowels can avoid the thermal bridging that can happen with metal.

Some products are built from wood strands or veneers. Laminated strand lumber and oriented strand lumber are both made by bonding wood strands, with longer strands in laminated strand lumber and shorter strands in oriented strand lumber. The strands are coated in adhesive and heat-cured under pressure to form strong, uniform panels. Parallel-strand lumber uses thin veneer strips arranged in parallel before bonding and curing. Laminated veneer lumber is made by gluing multiple layers of veneer in the same direction to create a thick, strong member for structural use.

Engineered Wood Products in Construction

introduction to wood

Wood Structure and Uses in Building

Wood is a construction material made from trees. A tree trunk has several layers. The outside is a protective layer of dead bark. Under that is living bark, then the cambium, then sapwood. As sapwood matures, it becomes heartwood. The pith sits at the center of the trunk. The age of a tree can be read from its growth rings. These rings are concentric bands seen in a trunk cross-section. Wood strength also depends on grain. Grain refers to elongated, tubular cells that run along the length of...

softwoods and hardwoods

Wood Grain in Softwoods and Hardwoods

Softwoods and hardwoods come from different kinds of trees, and their leaf structures and cell makeup help explain how they are used. Softwoods come from cone-bearing trees with needle-like leaves. Hardwoods usually come from trees that shed broad leaves seasonally. Softwoods are made mostly of long cells called tracheids and a smaller number of rays, which are radial cells. This simpler structure gives softwoods a rougher grain. Because of this, they are often used in construction for...

lumber

Lumber Cutting Methods

Lumber is made from logs that are harvested, debarked, and processed into long pieces with a rectangular cross-section. The process starts when an automated saw slices a log into slabs. Those slabs then move on a conveyor belt to smaller saws, where they are cut into square-edged pieces of specific widths. Freshly cut lumber usually has rough surfaces. Its dimensions may also vary slightly from one end to the other. The way wood is cut affects both the lumber’s appearance and how it is used. <br...

structural properties and dimensions of lumber

structural-properties-and-dimensions-of-lumber

Wood Strength Tests and Lumber Sizes

Wood strength depends on how its fibers are aligned along the length of the tree. This alignment gives wood much greater tensile strength along the grain than across it, sometimes up to twenty times higher. Wood also tends to perform better under compression than under tension. Fiber length varies by wood type. Hardwoods have fibers about one twenty-fifth of an inch long. Softwoods have longer fibers that range from one-eighth to one-third of an inch. Laboratory tests help measure how wood...

seasoning of wood

Wood Drying for Stronger Construction

Seasoning of wood is the drying process used to lower and stabilize moisture content before wood is used in construction. Fresh wood can swell when it takes in moisture and contract as it dries. Seasoning helps reduce that movement so the wood stays more stable after it is built into a structure. The main goal is to reach equilibrium moisture content. This is the point where the wood’s moisture level matches the moisture in the surrounding environment. When wood is seasoned properly, it is...

wood surfacing

Wood Surfacing for Smooth, Safe Lumber

Wood surfacing smooths lumber, improves its size accuracy, and makes it safer to handle. It is a key finishing step in woodworking and construction. The process also helps correct small distortions that can form as wood dries. Before surfacing, the wood may be sized slightly larger to account for shrinkage during seasoning, which is the drying stage. A plane, a tool with rotating blades, is used to remove material and smooth the surface. The same tool can also round the edges a little, which...

lumber defects

Common Wood Flaws in Lumber

Lumber defects are flaws in wood that can change both its appearance and its strength. These defects come from tree growth and from the way lumber is processed. Knowing the main defects helps explain why some boards are better for construction and manufacturing than others. Some defects begin in the tree itself. Knots form where branches were once attached to the trunk, and knotholes appear when those knots fall out. Decay and insect damage are also natural defects that can weaken wood and...

wood fasteners

Wood Fastener Types and Uses

Wood fasteners connect parts of a wood structure and help keep members in place. The strength of the connection depends mainly on direct bearing between the wood members. Different fasteners are chosen for different jobs and structural needs. Nails are the most common wood fasteners. They are sharp-pointed metal pins that are driven into wood with a hammer or a mechanical nail gun. Nails come in many diameters, head styles, and lengths. Nailing methods also matter. Face nailing places the...

veneer

How Veneer Is Cut and Used

Veneer is a thin sheet of wood that is usually about one-eighth of an inch thick or less. It is made to show the look of wood while using timber more efficiently. Veneer is common in furniture and other finished wood products. One common way to make veneer is rotary cutting. In this method, a log is mounted in a large lathe and spun against a knife edge. As the knife moves deeper into the turning log, it peels off a continuous strip of wood. This creates rotary-cut veneer. Other veneer...

wood products

Engineered wood products are made from wood strands, veneers, lumber, and even waste wood shreds. They are used in both structural and nonstructural building applications. These materials are designed to improve strength, durability, and versatility in modern construction. Glue-laminated wood, or glulam, is made by bonding several smaller pieces of dimensional lumber with adhesive. Cross-laminated timber uses solid lumber panels with layers placed so the grain direction alternates. This layer...

wood panel products

Types of Wood Panels in Construction

Wood panels are common construction materials used for flooring, siding, and roofing. They usually come in standard 4-foot by 8-foot sheets. Their thickness can range from one-quarter of an inch to one and one-eighth inches. Plywood is one of the most familiar wood panels. It is made by gluing thin wood veneers, or layers, under pressure. The outer veneer grain runs lengthwise, while the inner layers run widthwise. Plywood also has an odd number of layers, which helps keep the panel...

key terms and concepts

Learn how glulam, CLT, nail-laminated timber, and other engineered wood products are made from lumber, strands, and veneer for strong building uses.

Engineered Wood Products in Construction | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Civil Engineering provides a foundational exploration of essential construction materials in civil engineering, focusing on bricks, stones, steel, wood, and concrete through easy-to-understand animated videos. This collection covers the properties, manufacturing processes, and practical applications of these materials. Additionally, the accompanied science-in-action videos demonstrate the research experiments performed in laboratories.

civil engineering

Engineered Wood Products in Construction

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