Name: concrete pavement joint types and functions
Uploaded: 2025-06-13T10:43:57.000Z
Duration: 1 min 28 s
Channel: JoVE

L’extension d’une chaussée existante en béton ordinaire est proposée pour la construction à l’aide de dalles de béton, assurant une fissuration minimale de la chaussée.
Un ingénieur de chaussée décide de fournir des joints de construction, d’expansion, d’isolation et de contraction pour contrôler la fissuration de la chaussée.
Les joints de construction sont des espaces prévus entre la nouvelle dalle et une dalle existante pour permettre d’éventuels mouvements dans la nouvelle dalle. Des chevilles encastrées dans le béton relient les dalles adjacentes entre elles.
Les joints de dilatation sont des espaces prévus entre les dalles adjacentes pour permettre la dilatation thermique du béton.
Sa construction consiste à disposer des goujons en rangées dans le sens transversal de la chaussée et à couler du béton sur les barres.
L’espace laissé est ensuite rempli de charges compressibles et de produits d’étanchéité.
Des joints d’isolation sont prévus à l’endroit où la chaussée rencontre un trou d’homme. Un joint d’un demi-pouce de large autour du trou d’homme, rempli d’un matériau compressible, forme le joint d’isolation.
Enfin, le joint de contraction est assuré par le sciage d’une rainure dans la chaussée en béton récemment durci orientée perpendiculairement au sens de la circulation.
Cela permet de localiser et de contrôler la formation de fissures pendant la contraction du béton.

exemple de conception : joints dans les chaussées en béton

Les joints de chaussée pour béton sont essentiels pour maintenir l'intégrité structurelle et la longévité de la chaussée en contrôlant où et comment la chaussée se fissure. Ces joints peuvent être classés en fonction de leur utilisation, comme les joints de contraction ou de contrôle, les joints de construction, les joints d'isolation et les joints de dilatation.


 Les joints de contraction sont généralement formés en sciant une rainure dans le béton peu après son durcissement. Cela crée un plan vertical affaibli, favorisant délibérément la fissuration à cet endroit prédéterminé plutôt qu'au hasard sur la dalle de béton.


 Les joints d'isolation sont utilisés lorsqu'une chaussée en béton rencontre une autre surface ou un objet fixe, comme une intersection de chaussée ou un élément de service public comme un regard d'égout. Ces joints comprennent un matériau compressible qui remplit toute la profondeur du joint, permettant aux structures ou surfaces adjacentes de se déplacer indépendamment de la chaussée.


 Les joints de construction se forment là où le béton frais rencontre le béton durci, souvent observés à la fin d'une journée de pose. Ces joints gèrent les transitions entre différentes sections de la chaussée et intègrent des goujons ou des barres d'ancrage entre les sections.


 Les joints de dilatation sont utilisés pour s'adapter à la dilatation potentielle des dalles de béton. Ces joints sont essentiels pour empêcher le développement de forces de compression élevées, qui peuvent entraîner un écaillage des joints ou des explosions structurelles. Ils contiennent généralement des dispositifs de transfert de charge tels que des goujons ou des tirants qui facilitent le mouvement principalement dans la direction du joint. En général, les joints sont remplis à l'aide de matériaux de remplissage et de produits d'étanchéité.

Exemple de conception : joints dans les chaussées en béton

L’extension d’une chaussée existante en béton ordinaire est proposée pour la construction à l’aide de dalles de béton, assurant une fissuration minimale de la chaussée.
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design-example-joints-in-concrete-pavements

Education

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Génie civil

Unit 1

Unité 1

Design Examples

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Design Example: Joints in Concrete Pavements

concrete pavement joint types and functions

Concrete pavement joints guide where slabs crack and help protect the pavement over time. They support the structural integrity and long life of the concrete by controlling movement and cracking.

Contraction joints, also called control joints, are made by sawing a groove into the concrete soon after it hardens. This groove creates a weakened vertical plane. It encourages cracking at a planned location instead of letting cracks form randomly across the slab.

Isolation joints are used where the pavement meets another surface or a fixed object. Common examples include a roadway intersection or a utility fixture such as a manhole. These joints use compressible material that fills the full depth of the joint, so the pavement and nearby structure can move independently.

Construction joints appear where fresh concrete meets hardened concrete, often at the end of a paving day. They handle the transition between sections of pavement. Dowel bars or tie bars are embedded between the sections to help connect them.

Expansion joints allow concrete slabs to expand without building up too much compressive force. That helps prevent joint spalling and structural blowups. These joints usually include load transfer devices such as dowels or tie bars, which support movement mainly along the joint direction. In general, joints are finished with filler materials and sealants.

Concrete Pavement Joint Types and Functions

design example: dimensioning of concrete masonry construction

design-example-dimensioning-of-concrete-masonry-construction

Sizing a Storeroom with Masonry Blocks

Sizing a storeroom with concrete masonry blocks starts with matching the wall plan to the actual block size and mortar joints. The site has concrete masonry units with a nominal size of 8 by 8 by 16 inches. The storeroom is planned with external dimensions of 12 feet long and 8 feet wide. The wall layout uses nine blocks along the length and six blocks along the width. Each block is actually 7 and 5/8 inches high and wide, and 15 and 5/8 inches long. A 3/8 inch mortar joint is included, so the...

design example: joints in concrete pavements

Concrete pavement joints guide where slabs crack and help protect the pavement over time. They support the structural integrity and long life of the concrete by controlling movement and cracking. Contraction joints, also called control joints, are made by sawing a groove into the concrete soon after it hardens. This groove creates a weakened vertical plane. It encourages cracking at a planned location instead of letting cracks form randomly across the slab. Isolation joints are used where the...

design example: aggregate gradation

Choosing Well-Graded Sand for Concrete

Well-graded sand is important in concrete because aggregate choice affects strength, mix proportions, and cost. In concrete, sand is the common fine aggregate. When more than one sand source is available, its gradation often guides the selection. Gradation means the particle-size distribution of the sand. Engineers measure it with sieve analysis, which uses standard sieve sizes from 150 μm to 10 mm, from ASTM No. 100 to the 3/8 in. sieve. This test shows how much sand stays on each sieve and...

design example: managing concrete workability

design-example-managing-concrete-workability

Concrete Slump Test in Hot Weather

Concrete slump testing helps track workability during a raft foundation pour in hot weather. Workability means fresh concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this example, the concrete had to be prepared for a large foundation, so keeping it workable was important for quality and durability. The first slump test showed low workability. The mix was losing water quickly, and the high temperature made the coarse aggregates hotter as well. To reduce that effect, the site engineer cooled...

design example: distributing reinforcements in concrete sections

design-example-distributing-reinforcements-in-concrete-sections

Sizing Steel Bars for a Concrete Beam

Sizing steel bars for a concrete beam helps meet a required reinforcement area. In reinforced concrete design, the steel must be arranged so the beam stays strong and uses material efficiently. This example uses a beam that needs a total steel cross-section of 4 square inches. The available bars in the example have a nominal diameter of 1.693 inches. Each bar provides a cross-sectional area of 2.25 square inches. When the engineer divides the required area by the area of one bar, the result is...

design example: sustainability in concrete building

design-example-sustainability-in-concrete-building

Green Features in a Concrete Building

A sustainable concrete building can use several green design features to save energy, water, and materials. Concrete is a flexible material for these choices, so it supports eco-friendly construction in commercial buildings. One strategy is to place a concrete parking area under the building. Open areas can use pervious concrete paver blocks, which let rainwater pass through and collect in an underground cistern. That stored water can then be reused for gardening, which improves water...

key terms and concepts

Learn how contraction, isolation, construction, and expansion joints control cracking, movement, and support in concrete pavements.

Concrete Pavement Joint Types and Functions | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Civil Engineering provides a foundational exploration of essential construction materials in civil engineering, focusing on bricks, stones, steel, wood, and concrete through easy-to-understand animated videos. This collection covers the properties, manufacturing processes, and practical applications of these materials. Additionally, the accompanied science-in-action videos demonstrate the research experiments performed in laboratories.

Concrete Pavement Joint Types and Functions

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