Name: protecting oceans for sustainable development
Uploaded: 2019-08-01T08:06:34.000Z
Duration: 1 min 43 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

north-carolina-k-12-science-standard-course-of-study

North Carolina K-12 Science Standard Course of Study

9-12

Biology

ecosystems-interactions-energy-and-dynamics

Ecosystems- Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics

LS.Bio.5.2

Sustainable Development

持続可能な開発とは、今の人類の需要を満たす一方で，将来の世代にも必要なリソースを 確保することです。開発の3つの主要な領域である，社会，経済，生態学は，この概念の中で絡み合っています。生物学的観点では，持続可能な開発には、生態学的問題を理解し、生物多様性と天然資源を保護するための 保全努力を実施する 研究が必要です。生物同士の相互作用や 環境、および生態系が 間の活動によってどのように影響を受けるかを研究することで、野生生物を保護し生物多様性を保護しながら、人間の生活水準を維持，改善する 取り組みを推進できます。先進国のエネルギー要件は、持続可能な開発における主要な環境課題です。化石燃料はいまだにエネルギーに大きく依存していますが、限りある資源です。さらに、これらの燃料を燃やすと 二酸化炭素が大気中に放出され、気候変動を引き起こします。化石燃料を風力や太陽エネルギーなどの 再生可能エネルギー源に置き換えることは、持続可能な開発の実例です。土地と水も有限の資源であるため、現在および将来の人々に十分な食料を生産するには、農業の持続可能な開発が不可欠です。畑での輪作は、持続可能な農業の 実践の一例です。作物の輪作は、時間の経過とともに土壌中の栄養損失を最小限に抑え、より効率的な作物の成長を可能にし、複数の成長期にわたってトウモロコシなどの 特定の作物に寄生する害虫の影響を軽減します。

「海洋科学研究は持続可能な未来の鍵です。」 Nature Communications 9, no. 1 (2018): 690.[<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03158-3">出典</a>]

持続可能な発展

人類の人口が増え続け、資源を使い続ける中で、私たちは地球の自然の限界に配慮しなければなりません。持続可能な開発は、現在の人間の生活を維持・向上させると同時に、将来の世代が必要とする資源を確保するための道筋を示すものです。持続可能性への取り組みを長期的に成功させるためには、人間の行動と生態系の相互作用を理解することが必要です。 
 
 海は世界的な保全活動の重要な焦点のひとつです。乱獲、汚染、海洋酸性化や海面上昇などの気候変動の影響など、世界の海を守るために取り組まなければならない大きな問題のほんの一部です。海は、人間に膨大な量の食料を提供するだけでなく、大気中の酸素の重要な供給源であり、CO2ガスの炭素吸収源でもあります。また、気候の調節にも役立ち、世界中の天候パターンに影響を与えています。
 
 持続可能な開発の一つの大きな焦点は、海洋漁業です。現代の漁法では、一度に大量の魚を集めることができるため、短期的には効率的ですが、魚の個体数が局所的に減少し、海洋の食物網全体に影響を及ぼすことになります。また、現在の大規模な漁法では、目的の魚と一緒にイルカや海鳥などの動物が網にかかって死んでしまうこともあります。そのため、自然保護団体は水産業界と協力して、意図しない捕獲を防ぐ新しい漁具を設計しています。さらに、商業的に価値のある魚の個体数を減らさないための規制も制定されています。このような取り組みは、長期的には、魚が絶滅しない限り、食料源としての魚に依存し続けることができる人間にとっても有益なものです。
 
 持続可能な開発は、人間の生活を向上させることを目的としていますが、それを成功させるためには、生態系や地球を共有する他の生物を慎重に管理する必要があります。

人口が増加し続け、資源を使用するにつれて、私たちは地球の自然の限界に注意する必要があります。持続可能な開発は...

Education

JoVE Core

生物学

Ecology

生態学

Biodiversity and Conservation

生物多様性と保全

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

主要用語と概念

protecting oceans for sustainable development

Sustainable development depends on protecting oceans while meeting human needs. As the human population grows and uses more resources, people must stay aware of the planet’s natural limits. The goal is to improve life now without taking away the resources future generations will need.

Long-term sustainability depends on understanding how human actions affect ecological systems. Oceans are a major part of this balance. They provide food for people, produce much of the atmosphere’s oxygen, and act as a carbon sink, which means they absorb and store carbon dioxide. Oceans also help regulate climate and shape weather patterns around the world.

Ocean conservation faces several major problems. Overfishing can reduce local fish populations and affect the entire ocean food web. Pollution, ocean acidification, and rising sea levels are also serious concerns linked to climate change. These pressures make it harder to protect marine ecosystems and the services they provide.

Fishing is one of the main areas where sustainable development is needed. Modern fishing methods can catch many fish at once, which is efficient in the short term. But these methods can also lead to unwanted catches, including dolphins and sea birds, and can deplete commercially valuable fish populations. Conservation groups and the fishing industry are working on new gear that reduces bycatch, the accidental capture of non-target animals. Regulations also help limit overuse of fish stocks. In the long run, these efforts support both ocean life and people who depend on fish as a food source.

Protecting Oceans for Sustainable Development

protecting-oceans-for-sustainable-development

what is weather?

How Sunlight Shapes Daily Weather

Weather is the current state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place. It is temporary and changes from one location to another. Weather is shaped by the interaction of the sun, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. Solar radiation reaches Earth and interacts with water and land. These surfaces release that energy as thermal radiation, or heat, which warms the air above them. Some of that heat escapes back into space, but some is trapped by atmospheric gases. This heat retention is...

global climate change

Ancient Clues to Climate Change

Ancient climate clues help scientists track global climate change. Paleoclimatology is the study of climate conditions in Earth’s past and the causes and effects behind them. By comparing recent climate patterns with older records, researchers can find strong evidence for human-caused warming. Earth’s climate has changed many times over its 4.5 billion year history. In the last 650,000 years, there have been seven cycles of glacial advance and retreat. The most recent ice age ended more than...

what is biodiversity?

Biodiversity Across Genes, Species, and Ecosystems

Biodiversity is the variety of living things at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. It includes not only how many kinds of organisms exist, but also how they are related and how they interact with the world around them. Species diversity spans the full evolutionary tree. It includes single-celled prokaryotes such as bacteria and archaea, as well as the eukaryotic kingdoms: plants, animals, fungi, and protists. About 1.75 million species have been identified so far, and scientists...

threats to biodiversity

How Humans Change Biodiversity

Human activity is changing biodiversity and pushing Earth toward a sixth extinction event. Earlier mass extinctions ended many species, and then new species spread into the changed environment. Today, the Holocene epoch is seeing a mass extinction linked to human actions, and it is often called the Anthropocene. Human numbers and human biomass show how large this impact has become. In 2019, the human population reached 7.7 billion and is projected to rise to 10 billion by 2060. By biomass,...

conservation of declining populations

Saving Species Through Population Recovery

Conservation of declining populations focuses on detecting a population drop, finding its cause, and stopping further loss. The goal is to prevent extinction by using scientific methods to identify the agents behind the decline. Once the cause is known, conservation teams can remove, oppose, or neutralize it. A common step is to test possible causes with a small trial group. If the cause is confirmed, the remaining animals may be moved to an unaffected area. When the population is too small or...

biodiversity and human values

Biodiversity in Food, Tools, and Medicine

Biodiversity supports human life through food, tools, medicine, and many other needs. Changes in the variety of species can also change the environment. Those environmental shifts can alter weather patterns and affect human civilizations. People have depended on biodiversity for agriculture since early human history. Agriculture began when ancestral humans found species that were good sources of food. At least 11,000 years ago, people started selecting plant and animal species to raise on...

what is conservation biology?

Protecting Biodiversity in Conservation Biology

Conservation biology is the science of protecting biodiversity and keeping ecosystems healthy. It looks at how living things, habitats, and human needs are connected. The goal is to preserve biodiversity so ecosystems can continue to function well. Healthy ecosystems provide people with important natural resources. These include food, medicines, and building materials. Ecosystems also deliver key services, such as cleaning air and water. Evidence shows that these services depend on...

what is climate?

Climate Patterns and Earth’s Energy Balance

Climate describes the usual weather conditions in a place over a long period of time. The idea is simple: climate is what you expect, while weather is what you get. Climate is shaped by geographic factors such as latitude, terrain, and how close an area is to bodies of water. Weather and climate are related, but they work on different time scales. Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place. Climate is the average pattern of weather over much longer periods. Because of...

sustainable development

Sustainable development depends on protecting oceans while meeting human needs. As the human population grows and uses more resources, people must stay aware of the planet’s natural limits. The goal is to improve life now without taking away the resources future generations will need. Long-term sustainability depends on understanding how human actions affect ecological systems. Oceans are a major part of this balance. They provide food for people, produce much of the atmosphere’s oxygen, and...

conservation of small populations

Saving Small Populations with Genetic Diversity

Small populations can be hard to save because they often lose genetic diversity. When variation is low, a species has fewer traits that may help it adapt to climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. That makes extinction more likely. Large populations usually have a better chance of surviving new stresses. They are more likely to include individuals with genetic variants that are helpful in changing conditions. Small populations are much less likely to contain this kind...

habitat fragmentation

How Fragmented Habitats Affect Wildlife

Habitat fragmentation breaks one continuous habitat into smaller, separate patches. Human land conversion is a major cause of this change, and slower geological shifts in the physical environment can also fragment habitats. The process usually follows the same stages: perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage, and attrition. Perforation and dissection often begin during land development. Perforation happens when undeveloped land is cleared for something like a home, and dissection...

key terms and concepts

Learn how sustainable development depends on ocean protection, from overfishing and bycatch to climate impacts, fishery rules, and conservation efforts.

Protecting Oceans for Sustainable Development | JoVE K12

JoVE Core series brings biology to life through over 300 concise and easy-to-understand animated video lessons that explain key concepts in biology, plus more than 150 scientist-in-action videos that show actual research experiments conducted in today’s laboratories.

biology

JoVE Core シリーズは、生物学の重要な概念を説明する 300 を超える簡潔でわかりやすいアニメーション ビデオ レッスンに加え、今日の研究室で行われる実際の研究実験を示す 150 以上の科学者の活動ビデオを通じて、生物学に命を吹き込みます。

Earth and Environmental Science

Earth and Human Activity

ESS.EES.5.1

ESS.EES.5.2

ESS.EES.5.4

ESS.EES.5.5

ESS.EES.5.6

ESS.EES.6.1

Earth's Systems

ESS.EES.4.4

ESS.EES.4.5

Pennsylvania State Academic Standards

Earth and Space Science

Human Sustainability

3.3.9-12.O

3.3.9-12.P

3.3.9-12.R

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

High School

Chemistry and Physics

IPC.8

IPC.8.D

Life Science

interdependent-relationships-in-ecosystems

Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems

3.1.9-12.N

3.1.9-12.V

Louisiana Student Standards for Science

Earth Science

HS-ESS3-1

HS-ESS3-2

HS-ESS3-3

Chemistry

Energy

HS-PS3-6

Life Sciences

Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy And Dynamics

HS-LS2-1

HS-LS2-7

Environmental Science

Resources And Resource Management

HS-EVS1-3

Environmental Awareness And Protection

HS-EVS2-2

HS-EVS2-1

Personal Responsibilities

HS-EVS3-1

HS-ESS3-4

ohios-learning-standards-and-model-curriculum

Ohio’s Learning Standards and Model Curriculum

Diversity And Interdependence Of Life

Ecosystems

Loss of diversity

Physical Geology

Earth's Resources

Soil and sediment

Tennessee Academic Standards

Biological Change: Unity and Diversity

BIO1.LS4.3

Virginia  Standards of Learning

HIgh School

BIO.8

BIO.8.d

ES.8

ES.8.b

ES.8.c

ES.10

ES.10.e

LS.9

LS.9.a

Minnesota Academic Standards in Science

3.2.2 9E.3.2.2.1

4.2.2 9L.4.1.1.3

Earth Systems Science

112.49.c.12.

112.49.c.12.E.

112.49.c.13.

112.49.c.13.A.

Arizona Science Standards

HS+E.E1

HS+E.E1U3.11

new-jersey-student-learning-standards-for-science

New Jersey Student Learning Standards for Science

Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics

HS-LS2-2

Biological Evolution: Unity and Diversity

HS-LS4-6

engineering-technology-and-applications-of-science

Engineering, Technology and Applications of Science

Engineering Design

HS-ETS1-3

HS.L2

HS.L2U3.18

Alabama Course of Study Science

9-12.EVS.4.13

Next Generation Science Standards

heredity-inheritance-and-variation-of-traits

Heredity: Inheritance and Variation of Traits

Florida Department of Education

SC.912.E.6

SC.912.E.6.6

SC.912.L.17

SC.912.L.17.8

SC.912.L.17.12

SC.912.L.17.17

SC.912.L.17.18

SC.912.L.17.19

BIO.13

BIO.13.D

IPC.6

IPC.6.G

south-carolina-college-and-career-ready-science-standards

South Carolina College and Career Ready Science Standards

B-LS2-2.

B-LS2-7.

B-LS4-6.

Earth and Space Science (ESS)

E-ESS3-1.

E-ESS3-2.

E-ESS3-4.

E-ESS3-6.

new-york-state-science-learning-standards

New York State Science Learning Standards

Engineering, Technology, and Applications of Science

HS-ETS1-1.

HS-ETS1-2.

HS-ETS1-3.

HS-ETS1-4.

HS-LS2-7.

Earth and Space Sciences

HS-ESS3-2.

HS-ESS3-3.

HS-ESS3-4.

Georgia Standards of Excellence

Protecting Oceans for Sustainable Development

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