Name: series resistors and voltage split
Uploaded: 2024-04-11T12:48:28.000Z
Duration: 1 min 14 s
Channel: JoVE

직렬 연결에서 저항은 순차적으로 연결되며 각 저항을 통해 동일한 전류가 흘러야 합니다.
이러한 저항의 전압은 옴의 법칙을 사용하여 표현할 수 있습니다. Kirchhoff의 전압 법칙에 따르면 저항 양단의 전압의 합은 소스 전압과 같습니다.
결과적으로 회로의 전류는 소스 전압을 직렬의 총 저항으로 나눈 값과 같습니다.
옴의 법칙에서 전류 표현을 대체하면 각 저항에 전압이 제공됩니다.
따라서 소스 전압은 개별 저항에 따라 여러 저항에 비례하여 분배되며, 이를 '전압 분배'의 원리라고 합니다.이 원리를 보여주는 회로를 전압 분배기라고 합니다.
직렬로 연결된 저항의 조합은 단일 등가 저항으로 취급될 수 있습니다.
이 등가 저항의 저항은 직렬로 연결된 개별 저항의 저항의 합과 같습니다.
등가 저항은 직렬로 연결된 여러 저항에 대해 일반화 할 수 있습니다.
유사하게, 이러한 저항기 양단의 전압 강하에 대한 일반화된 표현을 작성할 수 있습니다.

전압 분배기

전기 회로에서 저항은 직렬로 연결되거나 순차적으로 연결될 수 있습니다. 직렬 구성에서는 각 저항을 통해 동일한 전류가 흐릅니다. 옴의 법칙은 직렬로 연결된 저항의 동작을 이해하는 기본 원리입니다. 이는 전류 및 저항 측면에서 이러한 저항기의 전압을 표현합니다.

키르히호프의 전압 법칙은 직렬 저항기의 전압 합이 소스 전압과 동일함을 의미합니다. 이는 회로의 전류가 소스 전압을 직렬의 총 저항으로 나눈 것과 동일하다는 것을 의미합니다. 이 전류 표현은 옴의 법칙으로 대체되어 각 저항기의 전압을 결정할 수 있습니다. 이러한 배열을 통해 개별 저항을 기준으로 여러 저항 사이의 소스 전압이 비례적으로 분배됩니다. 이 원리를 "전압 분배"라고 하며, 이 원리를 예시하는 회로를 "전압 분배기"라고 합니다.

직렬로 연결된 저항기 조합은 단일 등가 저항기로 취급될 수 있습니다. 이 등가 저항의 값은 단순히 직렬로 연결된 개별 저항의 저항의 합입니다. 이 개념은 직렬로 연결된 모든 수의 저항기로 확장됩니다.

<img alt="Equation1" src="/files/ftp_upload/15072/15072_PT_Equation_1.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 16px;">

직렬 회로의 각 저항기 양단의 전압 강하는 해당 저항에 정비례합니다. 결과적으로, 저항 값이 더 큰 저항기는 더 큰 전압 강하를 경험하게 됩니다. 이 원리는 전압 분배기의 핵심이며, 각 저항기의 전압 강하는 직렬의 전체 저항에 대한 저항에 의해 결정됩니다.

실제로 저항을 직렬 또는 병렬로 결합하는 것이 일반적이므로 회로를 단순화해야 하는 경우가 많습니다. 이러한 단순화는 한 번에 두 개의 저항기를 결합하여 달성됩니다. 직렬로 연결된 두 저항의 등가 저항은 개별 저항의 합입니다. 이 기술은 복잡한 회로의 분석을 용이하게 하여 엔지니어에게 전기 시스템을 설계하고 문제를 해결하는 데 유용한 도구를 제공합니다.

직렬 연결에서 저항은 순차적으로 연결되며 각 저항을 통해 동일한 전류가 흘러야 합니다.
이 저항의 전압은 ...

Education

교육

JoVE Core

Electrical Engineering

전기공학

Unit 1

제1단원

Basics of Electric Circuits

전기 회로의 기초

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

주요 용어 및 개념

Voltage Dividers

series resistors and voltage split

Series resistors split voltage across a circuit. In a series setup, resistors are linked one after another. The same current flows through each resistor in the chain. To analyze this behavior, Ohm's law is used to relate voltage, current, and resistance.

Kirchhoff's voltage law says the voltages around a series loop add up to the source voltage. That means the current in the circuit equals the source voltage divided by the total resistance in series. The current value can then be used in Ohm's law to find the voltage across each resistor. This is the principle of voltage division.

A circuit that uses this principle is called a voltage divider. The source voltage is shared among the resistors in proportion to their resistance values. A resistor with a larger resistance gets a larger voltage drop. This relationship stays the same for any number of resistors in series.

Resistors in series can also be replaced by one equivalent resistor. Its resistance is the sum of the individual resistances. Circuit analysis often uses this idea when simplifying complex networks. Engineers combine two resistors at a time to make the circuit easier to study and troubleshoot.

Series Resistors and Voltage Split

charge and current

Electric Charge in Circuits

Electric charge in circuits explains how charged particles behave in matter and how current is produced. Everyday static effects, like a wool sweater sticking to the body or a shock from a carpet, show charge in action. Charge is an inherent property of atomic particles and is measured in coulombs (C). Matter is made of atoms with electrons, protons, and neutrons. Electrons carry a negative charge (-e), and protons carry a positive charge (+e). These two charges have the same magnitude. An...

voltage

Voltage in Electric Circuits

Voltage in electric circuits is the energy needed to move electric charge between two points. It is also called electromotive force, or EMF. In most circuits, an external force such as a battery provides this energy for electron movement in a conductor. The voltage between points a and b is written as v_ab. It is defined as the work, or energy, needed to move a unit charge from point a to point b. In the equation, w is the energy in joules and q is the charge in coulombs. Voltage is measured...

power and energy

Circuit Power, Absorption, and Supply

Circuit power, absorption, and supply explain how much energy an element uses or delivers in an electric circuit. These ideas matter in electrical engineering because power and energy calculations help describe circuit behavior. A 100-watt light bulb, for example, emits more light than a 60-watt bulb, so wattage is a useful measure in real devices. Power is the time rate of expending or absorbing energy. It is measured in watts, written as W. The relation between power and energy uses the...

electric circuit elements

Circuit Elements: Passive, Active, and Linear

Circuit elements are the building blocks of an electric circuit. An electric circuit is the connection of these elements. In this context, circuit elements are often grouped by how they behave and whether they supply energy. One major group is passive elements. These elements do not generate energy. Common passive elements include resistors, capacitors, and inductors. The other group is active elements, which can generate energy. Generators, batteries, and operational amplifiers are typical...

circuit terminology

Circuit Parts: Branches, Nodes, and Loops

Circuit parts like branches, nodes, loops, and meshes help describe how electrical networks work. An electrical network is a system of connected elements, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and voltage or current sources. Unlike a circuit, a network does not have to form a closed path. A circuit is also made of connected electrical elements, but it must include one or more closed paths. These loops let current flow continuously, which is what makes the circuit operate. Because of this,...

independent and dependent sources

Circuit Source Symbols and Controls

Circuit sources in electrical circuits can be independent or dependent. They provide the power a circuit needs to operate. Independent voltage sources supply a fixed voltage, and independent current sources supply a fixed current. Their output does not change because of other parts in the circuit. These sources use standard symbols in circuit diagrams. An independent voltage source is shown with + and - signs to mark the potential difference. An independent current source is shown with an...

ohm's law

Resistance and Conductance in Circuits

Resistance and conductance help explain how electric current moves through a circuit. Resistors are basic circuit parts made from metallic alloys or carbon compounds. They are used to model how a material resists current and to control and regulate electrical power in a circuit. Ohm's law describes the link between voltage and current across a resistor. The voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current through it. The constant that sets this relationship is resistance.

kirchhoff's current law

Kirchhoff's Current Law at Circuit Nodes

Kirchhoff's Current Law explains how current behaves at a circuit node. A node is the point where two or more circuit elements meet. The law says the current entering a node equals the current leaving it. That balance follows the rule of charge conservation, which means electric charge is not lost at the junction. When applying KCL, currents entering the node are treated as positive and currents leaving the node are treated as negative. The currents can be added algebraically at the node, and...

kirchhoff's voltage law

Voltage Balance in Closed Circuit Loops

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law explains how voltage is balanced in a closed circuit loop. It is a basic rule in electrical engineering and comes from the idea of energy conservation. Energy can change form, but it cannot be created or destroyed. KVL states that the algebraic sum of all voltages around a closed path, or loop, is zero. In other words, the total voltage supplied in a loop equals the total voltage drop across the components in that loop. A loop can be traced clockwise or anticlockwise,...

voltage dividers

Series resistors split voltage across a circuit. In a series setup, resistors are linked one after another. The same current flows through each resistor in the chain. To analyze this behavior, Ohm's law is used to relate voltage, current, and resistance. Kirchhoff's voltage law says the voltages around a series loop add up to the source voltage. That means the current in the circuit equals the source voltage divided by the total resistance in series. The current value can then be used in Ohm's...

current dividers

Parallel Resistors and Current Division

Parallel resistors share the same two nodes, so each resistor has the same voltage across it. In this circuit setup, Kirchhoff's current law applies. The source current equals the sum of the currents through each branch. Ohm's law helps find the branch currents from the source voltage and the resistor values. The source current is equal to the source voltage times the sum of the reciprocals of the resistances. This makes it easier to calculate how current divides in the circuit. The current...

equivalent resistance

Delta-Wye Network Conversion

Delta-wye network conversion helps analyze resistor circuits that are not arranged in simple series or parallel paths. These three-terminal equivalent networks use the wye (Y), also called tee (T), and the delta (Δ), also called pi (π), as practical circuit models. These networks are useful in many circuit settings. They appear in three-phase electrical systems, electrical filters, and matching networks. They can also be used on their own or combined with more complex circuits. A delta...

design example: resistive touchscreen

Resistive Touchscreen Voltage Mapping

A resistive touchscreen uses voltage mapping to locate a finger touch on a mobile device. It is built from two metallic layers. The top layer is flexible, and the bottom layer is rigid. A narrow gap separates them, and the high resistance between the layers is an important part of the design. When a user touches the screen, the two layers meet at one point. That contact point is called the touchpoint. The touch lowers the resistance between the layers at that spot and changes the electrical...

key terms and concepts

Learn how resistors in series split source voltage, use Ohm's law and Kirchhoff's voltage law, and simplify circuits with equivalent resistance.

Series Resistors and Voltage Split | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Electrical Engineering offers easy-to-understand animated videos that cover fundamental concepts of electric circuits along with circuit analysis techniques. It incorporates first-order and second-order circuits using operational amplifiers and circuit transformation concepts. The inclusion of practical design examples and real-world applications through scientist-in-action videos adds significant educational value, making complex concepts accessible.

electrical engineering

Series Resistors and Voltage Split

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