Name: tracking motion with position and displacement
Uploaded: 2023-09-22T11:49:39.000Z
Duration: 1 min 31 s
Channel: JoVE

물체의 움직임을 설명하려면 편리한 참조 프레임을 기준으로 위치를 지정해야 합니다. 물체의 위치와 움직임을 설명하는 임의의 축 집합을 참조 프레임(frame of reference)이라고 합니다.
일반적으로 지구 또는 지구에 고정된 물체는 참조 프레임으로 사용됩니다. 예를 들어, 이륙하는 동안 비행기의 위치는 지구 전체 또는 공항의 관제탑에 대해 설명할 수 있습니다. 1차원 운동을 따라 물체의 위치를 설명하기 위해 우리는 종종 변수 x를 사용합니다.
이제 객체가 참조 프레임을 기준으로 움직인다고 가정합니다(예: 자동차가 건물을 기준으로 왼쪽으로 이동한 다음 자동차의 위치가 변경됩니다). 이러한 위치 변경을 변위라고 합니다.
그러나 직선을 따라 x의 숫자 값은 개체가 위치할 수 있는 개체의 위치를 정의합니다. 이 선을 따라 위치의 모든 변경은 변위로 표시되며, 여기서 Δx는 변위이며 최종 위치에서 초기 위치를 빼서 계산됩니다. 방향을 나타내기 때문에 벡터 수량이며, 양의 방향 선택에 따라 양수 또는 음수가 될 수 있습니다.

위치와 변위

객체의 위치는 특정 시간의 편리한 기준 틀을 기준으로 객체의 위치를 정의합니다. 기준 프레임은 객체의 위치와 동작을 설명하는 임의의 축 집합입니다. 지구는 종종 참조 프레임으로 사용되며, 우리는 종종 지구상의 고정된 물체와 관련된 물체의 위치를 설명합니다. 예를 들어, 로켓 발사는 지구 전체에 대한 로켓의 위치로 설명될 수 있습니다. 반면, 자전거 타는 사람의 위치는 그들이 지나가는 건물과 관련하여 어디에 있는지로 설명할 수 있습니다. 다른 경우에는 고정되어 있지 않지만 지구를 기준으로 움직이는 기준 좌표계를 사용합니다. 예를 들어, 비행기에 탄 사람의 위치를 설명하기 위해 우리는 지구가 아닌 비행기를 기준틀로 사용합니다. 1차원 운동을 하는 물체의 위치를 설명하기 위해 우리는 변수 x를 사용하는 경우가 많습니다.

객체가 기준 프레임을 기준으로 이동하면 객체의 위치가 변경됩니다. 예를 들어 교수가 화이트보드를 기준으로 오른쪽으로 이동하면 교수의 위치가 변경된 것입니다. 이러한 위치 변화를 변위라고 합니다. 변위라는 단어는 물체가 이동했거나 옮겨졌다는 것을 의미합니다. 위치는 물체가 위치할 수 있는 직선을 따른 x의 숫자 값이지만 변위는 이 선을 따른 위치의 변화를 제공합니다. 변위는 방향을 나타내기 때문에 변위는 벡터량이며 어떤 방향이 양수로 선택되었는지에 따라 양수 또는 음수일 수 있습니다. 

또한 모션 분석에는 많은 변위가 포함될 수 있습니다. 예를 들어, 오른쪽이 양수이고 물체가 오른쪽으로 2m, 왼쪽으로 4m 이동한 경우 개별 변위는 각각 2m와 4m입니다. 변위는 위치 변화를 의미하는 'x로 표시됩니다. 우리는 항상 최종 위치에서 초기 위치를 빼서 변위를 해결합니다.

이 텍스트는 <a href="https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/3-1-position-displacement-and-average-velocity">Openstax, 대학 물리학 1권, 섹션 3.1: 위치, 변위 및 평균 속도</a>.

물체의 위치는 특정 시간에 편리한 참조 프레임에 상대적인 위치를 정의합니다. 참조 프레임은 임의적입니다 ...

Education

교육

JoVE Core

Mechanical Engineering

기계공학

Unit 1

제1단원

Physics Basics

물리학 기초

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

주요 용어 및 개념

Position and Displacement

tracking motion with position and displacement

Position and displacement are key ideas in straight-line motion. Position tells where an object is located compared with a chosen starting point, called the origin. Displacement describes how far and in what direction the object has moved from its starting position.

These ideas help describe motion clearly. Position can change as an object moves. Displacement focuses on the change in position, not just the path taken. That makes it useful for comparing motion in a simple and precise way.

Tracking Motion with Position and Displacement

tracking-motion-with-position-and-displacement

introduction to scalers

Scalar Quantities in Physics

Scalar quantities in physics have size only. They do not include direction. This makes them different from vector quantities. Common scalar examples include mass, temperature, time, and energy. Each one can be described with a number and a unit. Because direction is not part of the value, scalars are often easier to compare and measure.

vector or cross product

Cross Product of Two Vectors

The cross product of two vectors gives a new vector that is related to both original vectors. It is also called the vector product. In many physics problems, this operation helps describe quantities that depend on direction as well as size. The result of a cross product has a direction set by the two input vectors. It is not the same as ordinary multiplication. The transcript focuses on the vector or cross product as a core vector operation students use when working with vectors in science.

introduction to vectors

Vectors in Motion and Direction

Vectors describe quantities that have both size and direction. They are used in physics to show how motion, force, and other quantities act in space. A vector can be represented with an arrow. The length of the arrow shows the size, and the arrowhead shows the direction. This makes vectors useful for comparing how one quantity points relative to another. Scalars are different because they have size only and no direction. Understanding the difference between vectors and scalars is an important...

units and standards of measurement

Measurement Units, Standards, and SI Basics

Measurement units, standards, and SI basics help scientists describe physical quantities clearly. A unit gives a number meaning, while a standard provides a fixed reference for that measurement. Together, they make results easier to compare and understand. The International System of Units, or SI, is the most common measurement system in science. It uses agreed-upon base units for common quantities. These standards reduce confusion when measurements are shared across labs, classrooms, and...

accuracy and precision

Measurement Errors, Accuracy, and Precision

Measurement errors can affect how close a result is to the true value and how consistent repeated results are. Accuracy describes how close a measurement is to the accepted or true value. Precision describes how close repeated measurements are to one another. A result can be accurate, precise, both, or neither. A set of measurements may cluster tightly together and still be far from the true value. Another set may include values spread out from one another, even if one of them is close to the...

rules of significant figures

Counting Significant Figures in Measurements

Significant figures help students record measurements with the correct level of precision. They show which digits in a number are meaningful and which only help place the decimal point. In science class, this idea matters when writing and comparing measured values. The rules for significant figures explain how to count these digits in different numbers. Some digits are always counted, while others depend on where they appear in the number. Learning the rules makes it easier to report answers...

random and systematic errors

Measuring Error in Scientific Data

Random and systematic errors affect scientific measurements. Random errors cause values to spread around the true value. They make repeated measurements less consistent. Systematic errors shift measurements in the same direction each time. Understanding both kinds of error helps students judge data quality. Random error can come from small changes during measurement. Systematic error can come from a biased tool or method. Scientists look for these patterns so they can improve results and...

position and displacement

Position and displacement are key ideas in straight-line motion. Position tells where an object is located compared with a chosen starting point, called the origin. Displacement describes how far and in what direction the object has moved from its starting position. These ideas help describe motion clearly. Position can change as an object moves. Displacement focuses on the change in position, not just the path taken. That makes it useful for comparing motion in a simple and precise way.

position and displacement vectors

Using Vectors to Describe Motion

Position and displacement vectors describe motion in physics. A position vector shows where an object is located relative to a chosen origin. A displacement vector shows how far and in what direction the object moves from one point to another. These vectors are useful because they give a clear way to track movement in space. The video connects position and displacement to the idea of a reference point and shows how direction matters as much as distance. That makes them important for describing...

mass and weight

How Mass Differs from Weight

Mass and weight are related, but they are not the same. Mass is the amount of matter in an object. Weight is the force of gravity acting on that object. This difference matters because mass stays the same even when gravity changes. Weight can change if the gravitational pull changes. A person or object therefore has the same mass, but not always the same weight. The terms are often used in everyday speech as if they mean the same thing. In physics, they describe two different ideas.

acceleration due to gravity on earth

Free-Fall Acceleration on Earth

Free-fall acceleration on Earth describes how fast an object speeds up when gravity is the only force acting on it. Near Earth’s surface, this acceleration is nearly constant for many everyday situations. Gravity pulls objects toward Earth and gives them downward acceleration. This motion is often written as g, and it helps explain why falling objects gain speed as they move downward. The value of g is commonly used in physics to predict the motion of objects dropped or released near the...

tension

Tension in Ropes and Strings

Tension is the pulling force carried by a rope, string, or cable when it is stretched by a load. In physics, this force acts along the length of the object and pulls away from the objects at each end. A stretched rope can support a hanging mass because the tension in the rope balances the weight of the load. The same idea appears in many everyday situations, such as a cable holding a sign or a string lifting an object. Understanding tension helps students connect force diagrams to real motion.

gravitational force

How Gravity Acts Between Objects

Gravity is a force that pulls objects toward one another. On Earth, this force gives objects weight and keeps people, water, and other materials from drifting away. It also helps explain why planets and moons stay in motion around larger bodies. The strength of gravitational force depends on the masses of the objects involved. Larger masses create a stronger pull, while smaller masses create a weaker one. The distance between objects also matters, because gravity becomes weaker as objects move...

key terms and concepts

Learn how position and displacement describe straight-line motion. Explore the origin, change in position, and direction in a clear high school science format.

Tracking Motion with Position and Displacement | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Mechanical Engineering offers concise, easy-to-understand animated videos covering key topics such as equilibrium, forces, truss analysis, and structural mechanics. Explore their real-world applications, and witness these concepts in action through scientist-led experiments.

mechanical engineering

Tracking Motion with Position and Displacement

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