Name: axial load stress on inclined sections
Uploaded: 2024-03-07T13:22:32.000Z
Duration: 1 min 16 s
Channel: JoVE

축 방향 하중을 받는 부재를 생각해 보십시오. 수직 평면에 기울어진 단면 평면을 사선 평면이라고 하는 삽입합니다.
이 경사 평면에 작용하는 응력은 단면에 대한 수직 및 접선의 두 가지 요소로 분해될 수 있습니다.
법선 부품은 단면에 분포된 수직력의 결과를 나타내고, 접선 부품은 전단력의 결과를 나타냅니다.
평균 수직 응력과 전단 응력은 법선 응력과 접선 힘을 단면의 면적으로 나누어 계산할 수 있습니다.
수직 응력은 단면의 평면이 부재의 축에 수직이고 단면 평면이 축에 평행할 때 0에 근접할 때 최대입니다.
전단 응력은 단면 평면이 45도 기울어질 때 최대이고 단면 평면이 부재의 축에 평행하거나 수직일 때 0에 접근합니다.
평면의 방향에 따라 동일한 하중이 전단 응력이 없는 수직 응력 또는 동일한 크기의 수직 응력과 전단 응력을 모두 생성할 수 있습니다.

경사면의 응력

Stress on an Oblique Plane

축 하중을 받는 경사면의 응력을 이해하는 것은 재료 역학에서 중추적입니다. 이 분석은 토목 공학 및 구조 설계에 중요한 재료의 내구성과 강도에 대한 통찰력을 제공합니다. 축 하중은 재료의 중심 축을 따라 힘을 가하여 압축 또는 신장을 일으키고 수직 응력을 발생시키는 것을 의미합니다. 수직 응력은 힘이 재료 영역에 수직으로 작용하여 압축 또는 인장 응력이 발생할 때 발생합니다. 응력 평면이 하중에 수직이 아닌 경우 경사 평면이 되며 응력 상태에는 수직 응력과 전단 응력이 모두 포함됩니다. 전단 응력은 힘이 해당 영역에 평행하게 작용하여 부피 변화 없이 재료 모양이 변형될 때 발생합니다.

축력 P를 받는 2힘 부재를 고려하고 법선 평면에 대한 각도 θ의 단면을 조사하면 이 경사 평면의 응력은 법선(F) 성분과 접선(V) 성분으로 나눌 수 있습니다. F와 V를 단면 면적으로 나누면 평균 수직 응력과 전단 응력이 제공됩니다. 평면의 방향은 재료의 응력 상태에 큰 영향을 미칩니다. 평면의 방향에 따라 동일한 하중은 수직 응력만 유도하거나 동일한 크기의 수직 응력과 전단 응력을 모두 유도할 수 있습니다. 이러한 이해는 견고하고 효율적인 구조를 설계하는 데 중요합니다.

축 방향 하중을 받는 부재를 생각해 보십시오. 수직 평면에 기울어진 단면 평면을 사선 평면이라고 하는 삽입합니다.
에 작용하는 스트레스 ...

Education

교육

JoVE Core

Mechanical Engineering

기계공학

Unit 1

제1단원

Concept of Stress

스트레스의 개념

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

주요 용어 및 개념

axial load stress on inclined sections

Axial loading creates stress in a material along its central axis. This kind of load can cause compression or elongation, and it produces normal stress. Normal stress acts perpendicular to the material area and can be either tensile or compressive.

When the section is not perpendicular to the load, it becomes an oblique plane. On this inclined plane, the stress state includes both normal stress and shearing stress. Shearing stress acts parallel to the area and changes shape without changing volume.

A two-force member under an axial force P can be cut by a section at an angle θ to the normal plane. The force on that section can be resolved into a normal component F and a tangential component V. Dividing F and V by the section area gives the average normal stress and average shearing stress.

The orientation of the plane strongly changes the stress on the material. For some angles, the same load produces only normal stress. For other angles, it produces both normal and shearing stress, and these stresses may be equal in magnitude. This idea is important in civil engineering and structural design, where strength and durability matter.

Axial Load Stress on Inclined Sections

normal stress

Normal Stress in Axial Loading

Normal stress acts perpendicular to a material’s cross-sectional area. It appears when a force is applied along the axis of an object, which is called axial loading. Bridge truss members are a practical example of this kind of loading. When a rod carries axial load, internal forces develop across the section. Because these forces act normal to the plane of the section, the stress is called normal stress. Stress here means the average stress over the whole cross-section, not the value at one...

shearing stress

Shear Forces in Bolts and Rivets

Shearing stress is caused by transverse forces acting on an object. These forces create internal forces in the plane where the external forces are applied. The total internal force in that section is called the shear. Average shearing stress is found by dividing the shear by the cross-sectional area. This value is only an average, because shear stress is not spread evenly across the section. It can be zero at the surface and much higher than the average in other areas. Bolts, pins, and rivets...

bearing stress

Bolt-to-Plate Contact Pressure

Bearing stress is the contact pressure between two separate bodies. A common example is a bolt pushed through a plate. The bolt applies a force to the plate, and the plate pushes back with an equal and opposite force. That force is not a single point load. It is made up of many smaller forces spread across the contact surface between the bolt and the plate. Because these microforces are complex, engineers use an average value called bearing stress. Bearing stress is found by dividing the...

applications of stress

Boom and Rod Stress Analysis

Boom and rod stress analysis shows how a pinned support structure carries a load. The boom and the rod are connected by a pin and held in place by brackets and pins. The structure is then separated from its supports so the forces can be studied clearly. A free-body diagram is drawn to identify every force on the boom, the rod, and the load. The reaction forces on both members are found using equilibrium equations. At point P, the reaction causes compression in the boom. At point R, the...

stress on an oblique plane

Axial loading creates stress in a material along its central axis. This kind of load can cause compression or elongation, and it produces normal stress. Normal stress acts perpendicular to the material area and can be either tensile or compressive. When the section is not perpendicular to the load, it becomes an oblique plane. On this inclined plane, the stress state includes both normal stress and shearing stress. Shearing stress acts parallel to the area and changes shape without changing...

stress: general loading conditions

Stress Components on a Loaded Body

Stress components on a loaded body can be found by cutting the body through a point with a plane parallel to the xy plane. That section carries the original loads, along with normal forces and shearing forces. The result is a simple way to describe how a structure responds under combined loading. The shearing force in the section can point in different directions within the plane. It is split into two parts that run parallel to the x and y axes. Each part is divided by the area, and as that...

components of stress

Stress Components on a Cube at a Point

Stress components on a small cube help describe how a body behaves under multiple loading. The cube is centered at point O and has stress acting on all six faces, whether the faces are visible or hidden. Normal stress components σx, σy, and σz act perpendicular to the x, y, and z axes. Shearing stress components also act on the cube faces. The visible faces carry shear stresses such as τxy and τxz. The hidden faces carry equal and opposite stresses. This balance keeps the cube in equilibrium.

design consideration

Safety Factors in Structural Design

Safety factors in structural design help engineers choose a material and loading limit that can be used safely. The process begins with a material’s ultimate strength. This value comes from tests that increase force until the material reaches its breaking point or limit. The ultimate load is then divided by the original cross-sectional area to find the ultimate normal stress, or strength. Ultimate shearing stress is another key value used in design. These limits show how much stress a material...

key terms and concepts

Learn how axial loading creates normal and shearing stress on inclined sections, and how plane angle changes the stress state in materials.

Axial Load Stress on Inclined Sections | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Mechanical Engineering offers concise, easy-to-understand animated videos covering key topics such as equilibrium, forces, truss analysis, and structural mechanics. Explore their real-world applications, and witness these concepts in action through scientist-led experiments.

mechanical engineering

Axial Load Stress on Inclined Sections

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