pH Changes in Strong Acid-Base Titration

pH changes in a strong acid-strong base titration depend on the amount of leftover hydronium or hydroxide ions. A strong acid such as hydrochloric acid fully dissociates in water. That gives the solution hydronium ions and chloride ions, so the starting pH is low.

When sodium hydroxide is added, ...

During the titration of a strong acid with a strong base, the pH calculations are based on the concentration of the residual H₃O⁺ or OH⁻ ions.

For instance, 0.1 M HCl dissociates into 0.1 M H₃O⁺ and Cl⁻ ions, starting with an initial pH of approximately 1.

The introd...