Name: attitude components in everyday life
Uploaded: 2020-02-12T11:07:44.000Z
Duration: 1 min 54 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

High School

Biology

BIO.3

BIO.3.C

Attitudes

Ludzie mogą mieć różne poglądy na życie, w zależności od ich skojarzeń z czymś. Na przykład, ktoś może być w negatywnym nastroju: na zewnątrz pada deszcz, a ona odnosi to do smutku. Kiedy włącza telewizor, widzi grupę graczy, wyrażających radość: zaraz zdobędą upragniony tytuł jako drużyna.

Obie te sytuacje opisują postawy – zestaw emocji, przekonań i zachowań, które wynikają z pozytywnej lub negatywnej oceny osoby, miejsca, przedmiotu lub wydarzenia. Tutaj postawy są wyraźne – świadomie znane i wyrażane na zewnątrz.

Na szczęście interakcje między postawami ludzi a tym, jak na nie reagują, mogą być obustronne. Oznacza to, że postawy mogą wpływać na działania – szczęśliwa drużyna piłkarska wie, że jest radosna i będzie nadal wygrywać więcej meczów – a działania mogą wpływać na postawy – kobieta może wykonywać swój rutynowy trening w pomieszczeniu, aby znów poczuć optymizm.

Czasami jednak ludzie nie są świadomi swoich prawdziwych postaw lub nie chcą się do nich przyznać, zwłaszcza jeśli są one społecznie nieakceptowalne lub kontrowersyjne, jak ma to miejsce na przykład w przypadku uprzedzeń rasowych i seksualności. Takie oceny są uważane za niejawne – nie są wyrażane werbalnie ani jawnie; Występują one poza świadomością i kontrolą.

Mimo to ludzie mogą wyrażać bezstronne poglądy, ale nadal żywić negatywne nastawienie. Na szczęście istnieją zasoby, które pozwalają zbadać wszechobecność i siłę ukrytych postaw i wprowadzić je do świadomej świadomości!

postaw

Postawa to nasza ocena osoby, idei lub przedmiotu. Mamy podejście do wielu rzeczy, począwszy od produktów, które możemy kupić w supermarkecie, poprzez ludzi na całym świecie, aż po politykę polityczną. Zazwyczaj postawy są korzystne lub niekorzystne: pozytywne lub negatywne (Eagly i Chaiken, 1993). Mają trzy komponenty: komponent afektywny (uczucia), komponent behawioralny (wpływ postawy na zachowanie) i komponent poznawczy (przekonanie i wiedza; Rosenberg & Hovland, 1960).

Myśl pozytywnie.

Na przykład możesz mieć pozytywne nastawienie do recyklingu. Taka postawa powinna skutkować pozytywnymi uczuciami wobec recyklingu (takimi jak: "Recykling sprawia, że czuję się dobrze" lub "Cieszę się, wiedząc, że w niewielkim stopniu przyczyniam się do zmniejszenia ilości odpadów, które trafiają na wysypiska"). Z pewnością taka postawa powinna znaleźć odzwierciedlenie w naszym zachowaniu: Tak naprawdę poddajemy recyklingowi tak często, jak tylko możesz. Wreszcie, ta postawa znajdzie odzwierciedlenie w przychylnych myślach (np. "Recykling jest dobry dla środowiska" lub "Recykling to odpowiedzialna rzecz, którą należy robić").

Na nasze postawy i przekonania wpływają nie tylko siły zewnętrzne, ale także wpływy wewnętrzne, które kontrolujemy. Podobnie jak nasze zachowanie, nasze postawy i myśli nie zawsze są zmieniane przez presję sytuacyjną, ale mogą być świadomie zmieniane przez naszą własną wolną wolę. 

 

Ten tekst jest adaptacją <a href="https://cnx.org/contents/Sr8Ev5Og@10.16:MBKbyrYC@13/12-3-Attitudes-and-Persuasion" target="_blank">OpenStax, Psychologia. OpenStax CNX.</a>

Postaw

Postawa to nasza ocena osoby, idei lub przedmiotu. Mamy podejście do wielu rzeczy, począwszy od produktów, które możemy kupić w ...

Education

JoVE Core

Social Psychology

Psychologia społeczna

Foundations of Social Psychology

Podstawy psychologii społecznej

Attitudes and Persuasion

Postawy i perswazja

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

Kluczowe terminy i pojęcia

attitude components in everyday life

Attitude is our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object. People hold attitudes about many things. These can include products from the supermarket, people around the world, and political policies. Attitudes are usually favorable or unfavorable, meaning positive or negative.

Attitudes also have three parts. The affective component is the feeling part. The behavioral component is the effect the attitude has on behavior. The cognitive component includes belief and knowledge. For example, a positive attitude toward recycling can create good feelings about recycling. It can also lead to the behavior of recycling as often as possible. It can also support thoughts such as, “Recycling is good for the environment” or “Recycling is the responsible thing to do.”

Attitudes and beliefs are shaped by both outside forces and internal influences that we can control. Like behavior, attitudes and thoughts are not always changed by situational pressure. They can also be changed consciously by our own free will.

Attitude Components in Everyday Life

attitudes

Attitude is our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object. People hold attitudes about many things. These can include products from the supermarket, people around the world, and political policies. Attitudes are usually favorable or unfavorable, meaning positive or negative. Attitudes also have three parts. The affective component is the feeling part. The behavioral component is the effect the attitude has on behavior. The cognitive component includes belief and knowledge. For example, a...

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key terms and concepts

Learn how attitudes include feelings, behavior, and beliefs, and how they shape views on people, ideas, objects, and everyday choices like recycling.

Attitude Components in Everyday Life | JoVE K12

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social psychology

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Attitude Components in Everyday Life

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