Name: capacitance in series and parallel
Uploaded: 2024-04-11T12:48:39.000Z
Duration: 1 min 14 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

High School

Chemistry and Physics

IPC.6

IPC.6.A

Series and Parallel Capacitors

Kondensatory mogą być łączone szeregowo i/lub równolegle w obwodzie.
Weźmy pod uwagę kondensatory połączone szeregowo z akumulatorem; płytka podłączona do dodatniego bieguna akumulatora wytwarza ładunek dodatni, podczas gdy płytka przymocowana do bieguna ujemnego staje się naładowana ujemnie.
Na pozostałych płytkach indukowana jest taka sama wielkość ładunku, a przez każdy kondensator przepływa ten sam prąd.
Zastosowanie prawa napięcia Kirchhoffa do pętli i podstawienie napięcia na każdym kondensatorze daje wyrażenie dla całkowitego napięcia na równoważnym kondensatorze, gdzie napięcie początkowe na równoważnym kondensatorze jest równe sumie napięć początkowych na każdym kondensatorze.
Odwrotność pojemności równoważnej jest sumą odwrotności poszczególnych pojemności.
Teraz, jeśli kondensatory są połączone równolegle, różnica potencjałów powstająca na każdym kondensatorze jest równa napięciu akumulatora.
Stosując prawo prądu Kirchhoffa i podstawiając prąd dla każdego kondensatora, określa się całkowity prąd przepływający przez kondensator zastępczy. Pojemność równoważna to suma poszczególnych pojemności.

kondensatory połączone szeregowo i równolegle

Kondensatory, podstawowe elementy obwodów elektronicznych, można łączyć szeregowo i/lub równolegle. Każda konfiguracja ma inny wpływ na ogólne zachowanie obwodu.

Najpierw rozważmy kondensatory połączone szeregowo z akumulatorem. W tej konfiguracji płytka podłączona do dodatniego bieguna akumulatora ładuje się dodatnio, podczas gdy płytka przymocowana do ujemnego zacisku akumulatora ładuje się ujemnie. Na pozostałych płytkach indukowany jest ładunek o jednakowej wielkości, co pokazuje, że przez każdy kondensator w połączeniu szeregowym przepływa ten sam prąd.

Zastosowanie napięciowego prawa Kirchhoffa, które mówi, że suma napięć w zamkniętej pętli obwodu musi być równa zeru, prowadzi do wyrażenia określającego całkowite napięcie na kondensatorze zastępczym. W tym przypadku początkowe napięcie na kondensatorze zastępczym jest sumą początkowych napięć na poszczególnych kondensatorach. Odwrotność pojemności zastępczej w połączeniu szeregowym jest sumą odwrotności pojemności poszczególnych kondensatorów.

Z kolei w połączeniu równoległym napięcie na każdym kondensatorze jest równe napięciu baterii. Dzieje się tak, ponieważ wszystkie kondensatory w tej konfiguracji są połączone do wspólnego źródła napięcia.

Stosując prądowe prawo Kirchhoffa, które mówi, że całkowity prąd wpływający do węzła musi być równy sumie prądów wypływających, oraz uwzględniając prąd płynący przez każdy kondensator, możemy określić całkowity prąd płynący przez kondensator zastępczy. W połączeniu równoległym pojemność zastępcza jest sumą pojemności poszczególnych kondensatorów.

Podsumowując, zrozumienie zachowania kondensatorów w konfiguracjach szeregowych i równoległych jest kluczowe w elektronice. Wiedza ta pozwala inżynierom manipulować całkowitą pojemnością obwodu, a tym samym kontrolować jego reakcję na różne sygnały. Niezależnie od tego, czy chodzi o zastosowania filtracyjne, wygładzanie napięcia w zasilaczach czy sprzężenie sygnałów, kondensatory i ich konfiguracje odgrywają istotną rolę.

Kondensatory połączone szeregowo i równolegle

Kondensatory mogą być łączone szeregowo i/lub równolegle w obwodzie.
Weźmy pod uwagę kondensatory połączone szeregowo z akumulatorem; Płyta ...

Education

JoVE Core

Electrical Engineering

Elektrotechnika

Unit 1

Jednostka 1

Energy Storage Elements

Elementy magazynowania energii

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

KLUCZOWE TERMINY I POJĘCIA

capacitance in series and parallel

Capacitors in series and parallel affect a circuit in different ways. These arrangements change the total capacitance, which is the circuit's overall ability to store charge. Knowing the difference helps explain how a circuit responds to signals.

When capacitors are connected in series to a battery, the plate tied to the battery's positive terminal becomes positively charged. The plate connected to the negative terminal becomes negatively charged. The other plates develop equal and opposite charge, which shows that the same current passes through each capacitor in a series path.

Kirchhoff's voltage law is used to analyze the series loop. This law says the total voltage around a closed loop must equal zero. When the capacitor voltages are added, the equivalent capacitor has a total voltage equal to the sum of the individual voltages. For capacitors in series, the reciprocal of the equivalent capacitance equals the sum of the reciprocals of the separate capacitances.

Parallel capacitors behave differently. In a parallel connection, each capacitor has the same potential difference as the battery voltage because they share the same source. Kirchhoff's current law can then be applied at the junction. This law states that current entering a junction must equal current leaving it, which leads to the total current for the equivalent capacitor.

For capacitors in parallel, the equivalent capacitance is the sum of the individual capacitances. Understanding series and parallel capacitor circuits is important in electronics. It helps engineers adjust capacitance for filtering, power supply smoothing, and signal coupling.

Capacitance in Series and Parallel

capacitors

Capacitor Charge and Discharge

Capacitors store electric energy and help control signals in devices like car radios. They work by holding charge on two parallel conducting plates with a dielectric, which is the insulating material between the plates. When a voltage source is connected, positive charge builds up on one plate and negative charge builds up on the other. This charge separation creates a potential difference, and it keeps increasing until it matches the source voltage. The electric field inside the capacitor...

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series and parallel capacitors

Capacitors in series and parallel affect a circuit in different ways. These arrangements change the total capacitance, which is the circuit's overall ability to store charge. Knowing the difference helps explain how a circuit responds to signals. When capacitors are connected in series to a battery, the plate tied to the battery's positive terminal becomes positively charged. The plate connected to the negative terminal becomes negatively charged. The other plates develop equal and opposite...

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Capacitors in Series and Parallel

Capacitors in series and parallel can be simplified by replacing the group with one equivalent capacitor. This equivalent capacitor stores the same charge as the original network when the same potential difference is applied. The idea helps make complex capacitor circuits easier to analyze. In a parallel connection, capacitors share the same voltage across each branch. The equivalent capacitance of N capacitors in parallel is the sum of their individual capacitances. This type of connection...

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Equivalent Inductance in Circuit Networks

Equivalent inductance in circuit networks helps simplify circuits with multiple inductors. When inductors are combined, the circuit can often be replaced by one inductor with the same effect on the current and voltage. For inductors in series, the same current flows through each component. Applying Kirchhoff's voltage law shows that the total voltage is the sum of the inductor voltages. As a result, the equivalent inductance of a series group is the sum of the individual inductances. This is...

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Car Spark Coil Voltage Design Example

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key terms and concepts

Learn how capacitors act in series and parallel circuits, how Kirchhoff's laws apply, and how to calculate equivalent capacitance for high school electronics.

Capacitance in Series and Parallel | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Electrical Engineering offers easy-to-understand animated videos that cover fundamental concepts of electric circuits along with circuit analysis techniques. It incorporates first-order and second-order circuits using operational amplifiers and circuit transformation concepts. The inclusion of practical design examples and real-world applications through scientist-in-action videos adds significant educational value, making complex concepts accessible.

electrical engineering

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Capacitors can be connected in series and/or parallel configurations within a circuit.
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IPC.6.B

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IPC.6.D

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Evaluate evidence from multiple sources to critique the advantages and disadvantages of various renewable and nonrenewable energy sources and their impact on society and the environment.

IPC.6.G

Science concepts. The student knows the impact of energy transfer and energy conservation in everyday life. The student is expected to:

Capacitance in Series and Parallel

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