Name: sizing a storeroom with masonry blocks
Uploaded: 2024-11-07T14:48:54.000Z
Duration: 1 min 13 s
Channel: JoVE

Considere um canteiro de obras que precisa de um depósito para ser construído.
O local possui uma pilha de blocos de alvenaria de concreto com dimensões nominais de 8 polegadas de largura e profundidade e 16 polegadas de comprimento usados para a construção do depósito.
O engenheiro do local deve projetar o depósito para que os blocos de 16 polegadas de comprimento sejam colocados com precisão nas paredes sem ter que cortar os blocos.
As dimensões da sala na planta são 12 pés de comprimento e 8 pés de largura, medidas a partir dos cantos externos.
As dimensões reais do bloco são ligeiramente menores que as dimensões nominais. As dimensões do bloco e a espessura da argamassa juntas dão um comprimento de 16 polegadas.
Agora, são necessários precisamente 9 blocos para a dimensão mais longa da parede e 6 para a mais curta.
Com esse arranjo, as dimensões internas da sala tornam-se 10 pés e 8 polegadas na direção mais longa e 6 pés e 8 polegadas na direção mais curta.
Essa prática evita o corte dos blocos e garante uma construção mais rápida e um acabamento perfeito.

exemplo de projeto: dimensionamento de construção de alvenaria de concreto

Para a construção de um depósito usando unidades de alvenaria de concreto, é essencial alinhar as dimensões da estrutura com os tamanhos reais dos blocos e as juntas de argamassa pretendidas. No local em questão, há um estoque de blocos de alvenaria de concreto com um tamanho nominal de 20,32 por 20,32 por 40,64 centímetros, que serão usados ​​na construção do depósito.

O engenheiro do local elaborou um plano para o depósito com dimensões externas de 3,66 metros de comprimento e 2,44 metros de largura. Para alinhar com essas dimensões, o plano especifica o uso de nove blocos para o comprimento das paredes e seis blocos para a largura. No entanto, o tamanho real de cada bloco é de 19,37 centímetros de altura e largura de 39,37 centímetros de comprimento, com uma margem de 0,95 centímetros para a junta de argamassa. Quando combinado com a argamassa, isso fornecerá um comprimento efetivo do bloco de 40,64 centímetros.

Este cálculo garante que, quando colocados de ponta a ponta, os blocos preencherão as dimensões planejadas sem a necessidade de corte, o que facilita um processo de construção mais rápido e atinge um acabamento profissional. Consequentemente, as dimensões internas das paredes do depósito medirão 3,05 metros e 20,32 centímetros ao longo do comprimento e 1,83 metros e 20,32 centímetros ao longo da largura quando a construção for concluída. Esta abordagem metódica ao uso de materiais garante eficiência na construção e um resultado estético limpo para o depósito.

Exemplo de projeto: dimensionamento de construção de alvenaria de concreto

Considere um canteiro de obras que precisa de um depósito para ser construído.
O local possui uma pilha de blocos de alvenaria de concreto com dimensões nominais de 8 polegadas ...

design-example-dimensioning-of-concrete-masonry-construction

Education

JoVE Core

Civil Engineering

Engenharia Civil

Unit 1

Unidade 1

Design Examples

Exemplos de Projeto

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TERMOS-CHAVE E CONCEITOS

Design Example: Dimensioning of Concrete Masonry Construction

sizing a storeroom with masonry blocks

Sizing a storeroom with concrete masonry blocks starts with matching the wall plan to the actual block size and mortar joints. The site has concrete masonry units with a nominal size of 8 by 8 by 16 inches. The storeroom is planned with external dimensions of 12 feet long and 8 feet wide.

The wall layout uses nine blocks along the length and six blocks along the width. Each block is actually 7 and 5/8 inches high and wide, and 15 and 5/8 inches long. A 3/8 inch mortar joint is included, so the effective block length becomes 16 inches when the blocks are set together.

This sizing method lets the blocks fit the planned dimensions without cutting. That makes construction faster and gives the storeroom a clean, professional finish. After the walls are built, the internal dimensions measure 10 feet 8 inches in length and 6 feet 8 inches in width.

Sizing a Storeroom with Masonry Blocks

design example: dimensioning of concrete masonry construction

Sizing a storeroom with concrete masonry blocks starts with matching the wall plan to the actual block size and mortar joints. The site has concrete masonry units with a nominal size of 8 by 8 by 16 inches. The storeroom is planned with external dimensions of 12 feet long and 8 feet wide. The wall layout uses nine blocks along the length and six blocks along the width. Each block is actually 7 and 5/8 inches high and wide, and 15 and 5/8 inches long. A 3/8 inch mortar joint is included, so the...

design example: joints in concrete pavements

design-example-joints-in-concrete-pavements

Concrete Pavement Joint Types and Functions

Concrete pavement joints guide where slabs crack and help protect the pavement over time. They support the structural integrity and long life of the concrete by controlling movement and cracking. Contraction joints, also called control joints, are made by sawing a groove into the concrete soon after it hardens. This groove creates a weakened vertical plane. It encourages cracking at a planned location instead of letting cracks form randomly across the slab. Isolation joints are used where the...

design example: aggregate gradation

Choosing Well-Graded Sand for Concrete

Well-graded sand is important in concrete because aggregate choice affects strength, mix proportions, and cost. In concrete, sand is the common fine aggregate. When more than one sand source is available, its gradation often guides the selection. Gradation means the particle-size distribution of the sand. Engineers measure it with sieve analysis, which uses standard sieve sizes from 150 μm to 10 mm, from ASTM No. 100 to the 3/8 in. sieve. This test shows how much sand stays on each sieve and...

design example: managing concrete workability

design-example-managing-concrete-workability

Concrete Slump Test in Hot Weather

Concrete slump testing helps track workability during a raft foundation pour in hot weather. Workability means fresh concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this example, the concrete had to be prepared for a large foundation, so keeping it workable was important for quality and durability. The first slump test showed low workability. The mix was losing water quickly, and the high temperature made the coarse aggregates hotter as well. To reduce that effect, the site engineer cooled...

design example: distributing reinforcements in concrete sections

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Sizing Steel Bars for a Concrete Beam

Sizing steel bars for a concrete beam helps meet a required reinforcement area. In reinforced concrete design, the steel must be arranged so the beam stays strong and uses material efficiently. This example uses a beam that needs a total steel cross-section of 4 square inches. The available bars in the example have a nominal diameter of 1.693 inches. Each bar provides a cross-sectional area of 2.25 square inches. When the engineer divides the required area by the area of one bar, the result is...

design example: sustainability in concrete building

design-example-sustainability-in-concrete-building

Green Features in a Concrete Building

A sustainable concrete building can use several green design features to save energy, water, and materials. Concrete is a flexible material for these choices, so it supports eco-friendly construction in commercial buildings. One strategy is to place a concrete parking area under the building. Open areas can use pervious concrete paver blocks, which let rainwater pass through and collect in an underground cistern. That stored water can then be reused for gardening, which improves water...

key terms and concepts

Learn how concrete masonry units and mortar joints are used to size a storeroom wall layout, avoid cutting blocks, and match planned dimensions.

Sizing a Storeroom with Masonry Blocks | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Civil Engineering provides a foundational exploration of essential construction materials in civil engineering, focusing on bricks, stones, steel, wood, and concrete through easy-to-understand animated videos. This collection covers the properties, manufacturing processes, and practical applications of these materials. Additionally, the accompanied science-in-action videos demonstrate the research experiments performed in laboratories.

Sizing a Storeroom with Masonry Blocks

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