Name: capacitance in series and parallel
Uploaded: 2024-04-11T12:48:39.000Z
Duration: 1 min 14 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

High School

Chemistry and Physics

IPC.6

IPC.6.A

Series and Parallel Capacitors

Конденсаторы могут быть соединены последовательно и/или параллельно в одной цепи.
Рассмотрим конденсаторы, соединенные последовательно с батареей; пластина, подключенная к положительной клемме батареи, получает положительный заряд, в то время как пластина, прикрепленная к отрицательной клемме, становится отрицательно заряженной.
Равная величина заряда индуцируется на других пластинах, и через каждый конденсатор протекает одинаковый ток.
Применение закона напряжения Кирхгофа к петле и подстановка напряжения на каждом конденсаторе дает выражение для полного напряжения на эквивалентном конденсаторе, где начальное напряжение на эквивалентном конденсаторе равно сумме начальных напряжений на каждом конденсаторе.
Обратная величина эквивалентной емкости является суммой обратных величин отдельных емкостей.
Теперь, если конденсаторы подключены параллельно, разность потенциалов, развивающаяся на каждом конденсаторе, равна напряжению батареи.
Применяя закон тока Кирхгофа и подставляя ток для каждого конденсатора, определяется общий ток, протекающий через эквивалентный конденсатор. Эквивалентная емкость представляет собой сумму отдельных емкостей.

Последовательные и параллельные конденсаторы

Конденсаторы, основные компоненты электронных схем, могут быть соединены последовательно и/или параллельно. Каждая конфигурация по-разному влияет на общее поведение схемы.

Сначала рассмотрим конденсаторы, соединенные последовательно с батареей. В этой конфигурации пластина, подключенная к положительной клемме аккумулятора, приобретает положительный заряд, а пластина, прикрепленная к отрицательной клемме, приобретает отрицательный заряд. На других пластинах индуцируется заряд одинаковой величины, что свидетельствует о том, что через каждый конденсатор при последовательном соединении протекает одинаковый ток.

Применение к контуру закона напряжений Кирхгофа, который гласит, что общее напряжение вокруг любого замкнутого контура в цепи должно равняться нулю, и замена напряжения на каждом конденсаторе дают выражение для общего напряжения на эквивалентном конденсаторе. В этом случае начальное напряжение на эквивалентном конденсаторе равно сумме начальных напряжений на каждом конденсаторе. Обратная величина эквивалентной емкости при последовательном соединении представляет собой сумму обратных величин отдельных емкостей.

В случае, когда конденсаторы соединены параллельно, разность потенциалов, возникающая на каждом конденсаторе, равна напряжению батареи. Это связано с тем, что все конденсаторы в параллельной конфигурации используют один и тот же источник напряжения.

Применяя закон токов Кирхгофа, который гласит, что общий ток, входящий в узел, должен равняться полному току, выходящему из него, и подставляя ток для каждого конденсатора, мы можем определить общий ток, протекающий через эквивалентный конденсатор. При параллельном соединении эквивалентная емкость представляет собой простую сумму отдельных емкостей.

В заключение, понимание того, как конденсаторы ведут себя в последовательной и параллельной конфигурациях, имеет решающее значение в электронике. Эти знания позволяют инженерам манипулировать общей емкостью схемы и, как следствие, контролировать реакцию схемы на различные сигналы. Будь то фильтрация, сглаживание источника питания или передача сигналов, конденсаторы и их конфигурации играют жизненно важную роль.

Конденсаторы могут быть соединены последовательно и/или параллельно в одной цепи.
Рассмотрим конденсаторы, подключенные последовательно к аккумулятору; Тарелка...

Education

JoVE Core

Electrical Engineering

Электротехника

Unit 1

Раздел 1

Energy Storage Elements

Элементы хранения энергии

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

ОСНОВНЫЕ ТЕРМИНЫ И ПОНЯТИЯ

capacitance in series and parallel

Capacitors in series and parallel affect a circuit in different ways. These arrangements change the total capacitance, which is the circuit's overall ability to store charge. Knowing the difference helps explain how a circuit responds to signals.

When capacitors are connected in series to a battery, the plate tied to the battery's positive terminal becomes positively charged. The plate connected to the negative terminal becomes negatively charged. The other plates develop equal and opposite charge, which shows that the same current passes through each capacitor in a series path.

Kirchhoff's voltage law is used to analyze the series loop. This law says the total voltage around a closed loop must equal zero. When the capacitor voltages are added, the equivalent capacitor has a total voltage equal to the sum of the individual voltages. For capacitors in series, the reciprocal of the equivalent capacitance equals the sum of the reciprocals of the separate capacitances.

Parallel capacitors behave differently. In a parallel connection, each capacitor has the same potential difference as the battery voltage because they share the same source. Kirchhoff's current law can then be applied at the junction. This law states that current entering a junction must equal current leaving it, which leads to the total current for the equivalent capacitor.

For capacitors in parallel, the equivalent capacitance is the sum of the individual capacitances. Understanding series and parallel capacitor circuits is important in electronics. It helps engineers adjust capacitance for filtering, power supply smoothing, and signal coupling.

Capacitance in Series and Parallel

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series and parallel capacitors

Capacitors in series and parallel affect a circuit in different ways. These arrangements change the total capacitance, which is the circuit's overall ability to store charge. Knowing the difference helps explain how a circuit responds to signals. When capacitors are connected in series to a battery, the plate tied to the battery's positive terminal becomes positively charged. The plate connected to the negative terminal becomes negatively charged. The other plates develop equal and opposite...

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Capacitors in Series and Parallel

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Learn how capacitors act in series and parallel circuits, how Kirchhoff's laws apply, and how to calculate equivalent capacitance for high school electronics.

Capacitance in Series and Parallel | JoVE K12

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Capacitance in Series and Parallel

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