Use models to illustrate the conditions required for natural selection, including the overproduction of offspring, inherited variation, and the struggle to survive.

LS.Bio.9.3

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Understand natural selection as a mechanism for biological evolution.

Biological Evolution- Unity and Diversity

Analyze the relationships between matter and energy within ecosystems.

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Ecosystems- Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics

Analyze how the relationship between structure and function supports life processes within organisms.

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From Molecules to Organisms- Structures and Processes

Understand genetic mechanisms for variation.

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Heredity- Inheritance and Variation of Traits

Biology

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Understand the relationship among pressure, temperature, volume, and phase.

Energy

Analyze the structure of atoms and isotopes.

Matter and its Interactions

Chemistry

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Evaluate how human consumption patterns impact Earth's systems.

Earth and Human Activity

Explain how Earth's position relative to the sun influences conditions on Earth.

Earth's Place in the Universe

Analyze how the geosphere is shaped by plate tectonics and the rock cycle.

Earth's Systems

Earth and Environmental Science

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Analyze energy transfers and transformations within a mechanical system.

Understand types, properties, and structure of matter.

Analyze motion in terms of speed, velocity, acceleration, and momentum.

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Motion and Stability- Forces and Interactions

Analyze the nature of waves and their applications.

Waves and Their Applications

Physical Science

Explore North Carolina Science Standard Course of Study (NCSCOS) Physics videos on motion, forces, energy, waves, and electricity. Engaging, standards-aligned content to support Grades 9–12 science learning across North Carolina!

Understand the relationship among work, energy, and power.

Analyze the motion of objects using time, distance, displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration.

Analyze the behavior of waves and their applications.

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Waves and Their Applications in Technologies for Information Transfer

Physics

9-12

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North Carolina K-12 Science Standard Course of Study

Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) make science interactive by integrating hands-on learning, critical thinking, and real-world problem-solving. Watch videos aligned with NGSS standards!

Next Generation Science Standards

Florida CPALMS makes science interactive by integrating hands-on learning, critical thinking, and real-world problem-solving. Watch videos aligned with Florida CPALMS standards!

Florida Department of Education

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Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

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New York State Science Learning Standards

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Georgia Standards of Excellence

The Tennessee Academic Standards establish clear expectations for what students should know and be able to do by the end of each grade in every subject area. These standards are grounded in the knowledge and skills essential for success in postsecondary education and future careers.

Tennessee Academic Standards

Instruction in Virginia’s public schools follows the Standards of Learning (SOL), which outline the state’s expectations for student knowledge and achievement from kindergarten through grade 12.

Virginia  Standards of Learning

The Pennsylvania State Board of Education has adopted academic standards which are benchmark measures that define what students should know and be able to do at various grade levels. The standards are promulgated as state regulations. As such, they must be used as the basis for curriculum and instruction in Pennsylvania's public schools.

Pennsylvania State Academic Standards

The Louisiana science standards, known as the Louisiana Student Standards for Science (LSS), are the state's academic expectations for what students should know and be able to do in science by the end of each grade. These standards, available on the Louisiana Department of Education (LDOE) website, emphasize a three-dimensional learning approach, integrating science and engineering practices, disciplinary core ideas, and crosscutting concepts.

Louisiana Student Standards for Science

Explore Ohio’s Learning Standards and Model Curriculum videos by subject. Engaging, standards-aligned content that supports Grades 9–12 learning in Physical Science, Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Anatomy & Physiology, and Physical Geology across Ohio.

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Ohio’s Learning Standards and Model Curriculum

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South Carolina College and Career Ready Science Standards

Explore Minnesota Academic Standards in Science Middle School videos organized into Earth & Space Science (ESS), Life Science (LS), and Physical Science (PS). Engaging, standards-aligned content that helps students investigate scientific concepts through inquiry, problem-solving, and real-world applications.

Minnesota Academic Standards in Science

Explore New Jersey Student Learning Standards for Science videos organized by subject. Engaging, standards-aligned content supports learning across Physical Science, Life Science, Earth and Space Science, and Engineering and Technology. Each video collection helps students build strong scientific understanding through clear explanations, real-world connections, and inquiry-based exploration.

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New Jersey Student Learning Standards for Science

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Arizona Science Standards

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Alabama Course of Study Science

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Kansas College and Career Ready Standards for Science

MA Science & Tech/Eng Curriculum Framework

Missouri Learning Standards - Science

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MS College and Career Readiness Standards

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Nebraska College and Career Ready Standards for Science

North Dakota Science Standards

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NH College and Career Ready Standards for Science

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Nevada Academic Content Standards for Science

Oklahoma Academic Standards - Science

Oregon Science Standards

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Utah Science with Engineering Education

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Wyoming Science Content & Performance Standards

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California - Next Generation Science Standards

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Colorado Academic Standards — Science

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Connecticut - Next Generation Science Standards

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District of Columbia - Next Generation Science Standards

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Delaware - Next Generation Science Standards

Hawaii - Next Generation Science Standards

Explore Illinois Learning Standards for Science videos organized by subject. Engaging, standards-aligned content supports student learning across Physical Science, Life Science, Earth and Space Science, and Engineering and Technology. Each collection helps learners develop scientific knowledge through clear explanations, real-world applications, and hands-on exploration

Illinois Learning Standards for Science

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Maryland - Next Generation Science Standards

Maine - Next Generation Science Standards

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Michigan - Next Generation Science Standards

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New Mexico - Next Generation Science Standards

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Rhode Island - Next Generation Science Standards

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Vermont - Next Generation Science Standards

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Washington - Next Generation Science Standards

Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become ...

What is Natural Selection?

Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural ...

Types of Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to ...

Frequency-dependent Selection

Organisms that are well-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. However, natural selection does not lead to perfectly ...