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In JoVE (4)

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Articles by Delphine Psychoyos in JoVE

 JoVE General

प्रारंभिक चिकी भ्रूण पूर्व vivo (नई संस्कृति) की संस्कृति के लिए विधि


JoVE 903 10/20/2008

1Center for Environmental and Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biosciences and Technology - Texas A&M Health Science Center, 2Center for Environmental and Genetic Medicine, Texas A&M University (TAMU)

यह वीडियो नई संस्कृति, एक तरीका है जिसके द्वारा लड़की भ्रूण अंडे के बाहर 24 घंटे के लिए संवर्धित कर रहे हैं दर्शाता है. इस विधि जल्दी (14 सोम के लिए आदिम लकीर) विकास, एक माउस में E7-9 इसी अवधि के अध्ययन करने के लिए सक्षम बनाता है. इस तकनीक का आवेदन electroporation स्वस्थानी संकरण और immunohistochemistry में शामिल हैं.

 JoVE General

प्रारंभिक चिकी भ्रूण के स्वस्थानी संकरण में डबल पूरा पर्वत


JoVE 904 10/27/2008

1Center for Environmental and Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biosciences and Technology - Texas A&M Health Science Center, 2Center for Environmental and Genetic Medicine, Texas A&M University (TAMU)

यह वीडियो स्वस्थानी संकरण, एक विधि है जिसके द्वारा स्थानिक और लौकिक 2 अलग जीन की अभिव्यक्ति पैटर्न युवा लड़की भ्रूण में visualized किया जा सकता में 2 रंग पूरे माउंट दर्शाता है. इस पद्धति का मूल दाऊद Wilkinson, डोमिंगोस हेनरिक, फिल Ingham और ईशबोशेत Horowicz डेविड द्वारा पेश किया गया था.

 JoVE General

चिकी में पूरे माउंट एंटीबॉडी धुंधला के लिए विधि


JoVE 956 2/02/2009

Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Center for Environmental and Genetic Medicine, Texas A&M University (TAMU)

यह वीडियो पूरी माउंट immunohistochemistry, एक विधि है जिसके द्वारा एक प्रतिजन के स्थानिक और लौकिक अभिव्यक्ति पैटर्न जवान लड़की भ्रूण में visualized किया जा सकता है दर्शाता है. इस पद्धति का मूल रूप से जेन डोड और टॉम Jessell द्वारा पेश किया गया था.

 JoVE General

चिकी भ्रूण में तंत्रिका प्रेरण के लिए परख


JoVE 1027 2/13/2009

Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Center for Environmental and Genetic Medicine, Texas A&M University (TAMU)

तंत्रिका प्रेरण मस्तिष्क के गठन में पहला कदम है. यह एक तंत्र है जिसके द्वारा Hensen (आयोजक) नोड, आसन्न ऊतकों को निर्देश एक तंत्रिका भाग्य अपनाने है, यानी तंत्रिका तंत्र को जन्म दे. इस वीडियो लड़की भ्रूण में तंत्रिका शामिल होने के लिए एक परख को दर्शाता है.

Other articles by Delphine Psychoyos on PubMed

A Cannabinoid Analogue of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol Disrupts Neural Development in Chick

Marijuana is the most commonly abused illicit drug by pregnant women. Its major psychoactive constituent, Delta(9)-THC (Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol), crosses the placenta and accumulates in the foetus, potentially harming its development. In humans, marijuana use in early pregnancy is associated with miscarriage, a fetal alcohol-like syndrome, as well as learning disabilities, memory impairment, and ADHD in the offspring. Classical studies in the 1970 s have reached disparate conclusions as to the teratogenic effects of cannabinoids in animal models. Further, there is very little known about the immediate effects of Delta(9)-THC on early embryogenesis. We have used the chick embryo as a model in order to characterize the effects of a water-soluble Delta(9)-THC analogue, O-2545, on early development. Embryos were exposed to the drug (0.035 to 0.35 mg/ml) at gastrulation and assessed for morphological defects at stages equivalent to 9-14 somites. We report that O-2545 impairs the formation of brain, heart, somite, and spinal cord primordia. Shorter incubation times following exposure to the drug show that O-2545 interferes with the initial steps of head process and neural plate formation. Our results indicate that the administration of the cannabinoid O-2545 during early embryogenesis results in embryotoxic effects and serves to illuminate the risks of marijuana exposure during the second week of pregnancy, a time point at which most women are unaware of their pregnancies.

Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Signaling in Embryo Neurodevelopment

In utero exposure to tetrahydrocannabinol, the psychoactive component of marijuana, is associated with an increased risk for neurodevelopmental defects in the offspring by interfering with the functioning of the endocannabinoid (eCB) system. At the present time, it is not clearly known whether the eCB system is present before neurogenesis. Using an array of biochemical techniques, we analyzed the levels of CB1 receptors, eCBs (AEA and 2-AG), and the enzymes (NAPE-PLD, DAGLα, DAGLβ, MAGL, and FAAH) involved in the metabolism of the eCBs in chick and mouse models during development. The findings demonstrate the presence of eCB system in early embryo before neurogenesis. The eCB system might play a critical role in early embryogenesis and there might be adverse developmental consequences of in utero exposure to marijuana and other drugs of abuse during this period.

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