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Using Inducible Osteoblastic Lineage-Specific <em>Stat3</em> Knockout Mice to Study Alveolar Bone Remodeling During Orthodontic Tooth Movement

The alveolar bone, with a high turnover rate, is the most actively-remodeling bone in the body. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a common artificial ...

Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

Shanghai Jiao Tong University

National Center for Stomatology

National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology

The aim of this study was to determine the clinical differences between early and conventional loading protocols for dental implants. A comprehensive search of the Medline, Embase, and OVID databases for studies published through January 10, 2015 was conducted. Fourteen studies were included in our analysis. We found that early loading imposed a significantly higher risk of implant failure than did conventional loading (risk ratio = 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.18, 3.69], P = 0.01), while no significant differences between the methods were found with regards to the marginal bone loss (weighted mean differences [WMD] = 0.11, 95% CI [-0.07, 0.28], P = 0.23), periotest value (WMD = 0.02, 95% CI [-0.83, 0.87], P = 0.96), or implant stability quotient (WMD = 0.79, 95% CI [-0.03, 1.62], P = 0.06). As for the health status of the peri-implant tissue, conventionally loaded implants demonstrated better performance than did early loaded implants. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that the sample size, time of publication, loading definition, implant position, extent, and restoration type influenced the results. Although early implant loading is convenient and comfortable for patients, this method still cannot achieve the same clinical outcomes as the conventional loading method.

Clinical efficacy of early loading versus conventional loading of dental implants.

Children with severe airway obstruction tend to have a vertical direction of growth, class II malocclusion, and narrow arches. Adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy were recommended for the promotion of balanced dentition growth in these children.The aim of this study was to determine the effect of adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy on the growth of dental morphology in children with airway obstruction.

Dental arch dimensional changes after adenoidectomy or tonsillectomy in children with airway obstruction: A meta-analysis and systematic review under PRISMA guidelines.

The cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 2 closed treatments are compared for intracapsular condylar fractures (ICFs) to learn whether splint treatment could promote better radiologic outcomes.

A Comparative evaluation of CBCT outcomes of two closed treatment methods in intracapsular condylar fractures.

To establish three-dimensional models of upper airway pre- and post-orthognathic surgery in patients with skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion, and to compare the effects of different modes of orthognathic surgery on the cross-sectional areas and volumes of upper airway.

[Evaluation of the effects of two different modes of orthognathic surgery on upper airway morphology in patients with skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion].

To study the present treatment situation and investigate a better orthodontic approach for patients with cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) through systematically reviewing the published cases and to conclude the surgical-orthodontic treatment experience of cleidocranial dysplasia.

Combined surgical-orthodontic treatment of patients with cleidocranial dysplasia: case report and review of the literature.

Align technology has developed greatly over past few years. Patients tended to prefer clear aligners over conventional brackets because of the superior comfort and esthetics, while the effectiveness of clear aligners was still controversial. The aim of this systematic review was to verify whether the treatment effectiveness of clear aligners was similar to the conventional fixed appliances.

A comparison of treatment effectiveness between clear aligner and fixed appliance therapies.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nasal obstruction on mandibular growth, especially condyle, in adolescent rats and explore the possible mechanism with a focus on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from condylar tissues.

Bilateral intermittent nasal obstruction in adolescent rats leads to the growth defects of mandibular condyle.

The study aimed at investigating a new three-dimensional classification of healing morphology in condylar fractures in children and adolescents after closed treatment, and establish its association with fracture type and clinical outcomes. The medical records of children and adolescents with condylar fracture were reviewed, retrospectively. The clinical outcomes were assessed by mandibular deviation during mouth opening, Helkimo anamnestic index (Ai), and Helkimo clinical dysfunction index (Di). The condylar healing morphology was evaluated through three-dimensional CT images after 1-2 years of follow-up. In total, 96 patients with 142 condylar fracture sites were included in the study. Condylar healing morphology was classified into three main patterns: unchanged (21.13%), spherical (62.68%), and irregular (16.19% - including the three subtypes triangular, L-shaped, and Y-shaped). There was a significant difference in the distribution of the three main healing patterns among various fracture types (p = 0.0227). Irregular patterns occurred more frequently in adolescents than in children. In unilateral fractures, no obvious association was found between condylar healing morphology and clinical outcomes, including mandibular deviation during mouth opening (p = 0.162), Ai (p = 0.0991) and Di (p = 0.25). Most patients healing in different condylar patterns reached a good clinical outcome after 1-2 years. Although the healing morphology of condylar fractures in children and adolescents remained abnormal, good clinical outcome was achieved over the 2-year follow-up. Therefore, closed treatment remains a good approach.

Radiographic evaluation in three dimensions of condylar fractures with closed treatment in children and adolescents.

Bone exhibits changes in density, strength, and microarchitecture in relation to mechanical loading mediated by exercise. Appropriate exercise maintains bone homeostasis, while the absence of exercise leads to disuse bone loss. However, the acting mechanism of mechanotransduction in bone remains unclear. We performed the running-wheel exercise and tail suspension model to study the effects of exercise on bone metabolism, and found that osteoblastic Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activity was closely related to exercise-induced bone mass and metabolism changes. With the Flexcell tension-loading system , mechanical force promoted STAT3 activity, which was accompanied by increased osteoblastic differentiation of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). In contrast, the inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation blocked force-induced osteoblastic differentiation. Furthermore, pharmacological inactivation of STAT3 impaired the increase in exercise-induced bone mass and osteogenesis. With an inducible conditional deletion mouse model, we found that the osteoblast lineage-specific Stat3 deletion could also block force-induced osteoblastic differentiation  and impair exercise-promoted bone mass and osteogenesis . This confirmed the crucial role of osteoblastic STAT3 in exercise-mediated bone metabolism. Finally, colivelin, a STAT3 agonist, promoted osteoblastic differentiation  and partly rescued exercise loss-induced disuse bone loss by improving osteogenesis in the tail suspension model. Taken together, our study revealed the essential role of STAT3 in maintaining exercise-mediated bone homeostasis. In addition, STAT3 might act as a potential target for osteoporosis caused by exercise loss.

Exercise maintains bone homeostasis by promoting osteogenesis through STAT3.

Periodontal ligament (PDL) and dental pulp (DP) share a common origin but have distinct biological and mechanical functions. To what extent the mechanoresponsive property of PDL can be attributed to its unique transcriptional profiles of cellular heterogeneity is unclear. This study aims to decipher cellular heterogeneity and distinct mechanoresponsive characteristics of odontogenic soft tissues and their underlying molecular mechanisms.

Article	Year
Clinical efficacy of early loading versus conventional loading of dental implants. Scientific reports\| PubMed ID: 26542097	2015
Dental arch dimensional changes after adenoidectomy or tonsillectomy in children with airway obstruction: A meta-analysis and systematic review under PRISMA guidelines. Medicine\| PubMed ID: 27684847	2016
A Comparative evaluation of CBCT outcomes of two closed treatment methods in intracapsular condylar fractures. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology\| PubMed ID: 28159582	2017
[Evaluation of the effects of two different modes of orthognathic surgery on upper airway morphology in patients with skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion]. Shanghai kou qiang yi xue = Shanghai journal of stomatology\| PubMed ID: 30411124	2018
Combined surgical-orthodontic treatment of patients with cleidocranial dysplasia: case report and review of the literature. Orphanet journal of rare diseases\| PubMed ID: 30514338	2018
A comparison of treatment effectiveness between clear aligner and fixed appliance therapies. BMC oral health\| PubMed ID: 30674307	2019
Bilateral intermittent nasal obstruction in adolescent rats leads to the growth defects of mandibular condyle. Archives of oral biology\| PubMed ID: 31302469	2019
Radiographic evaluation in three dimensions of condylar fractures with closed treatment in children and adolescents. Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery\| PubMed ID: 34218975	2021
Exercise maintains bone homeostasis by promoting osteogenesis through STAT3. International journal of biological sciences\| PubMed ID: 37151888	2023
ScRNA-seq links dental fibroblasts heterogeneity with mechanoresponsiveness. Journal of periodontal research\| PubMed ID: 37221903	2023

Yanfei Zhu

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