Overview
Hess’s law can be used to determine the enthalpy change of any reaction if the corresponding enthalpies of formation of the reactants and products are available. The main reaction may be divided into stepwise reactions : (i) decompositions of the reactants into their component elements, for which the enthalpy changes are proportional to the negative of the enthalpies of formation of the reactants, −ΔHf°(reactants), followed by (ii) re-combinations of the elementsined in step 1) to give the products, with the enthalpy changes proportional to the enthalpies of formation of the products, ΔHf° (products). The standard enthalpy change of the overall reaction is therefore equal to: (ii) the sum of the standard enthalpies of formation of all the products plus (i) the sum of the negatives of the standard enthalpies of formation of the reactants, as given by the following equation, where ∑ represents “the sum of” and n stands for the stoichiometric coefficients.…
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