The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine 1 article published in JoVE Biology Comparison of Two Representative Methods for Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Fangqin Wang1, Langping Gao2,3, Xudong Fu4, Qintao Yan2, Lidan Hu1,2, Jianhua Mao2,3 1Department of Nephrology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 4Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University This protocol describes and compares two representative methods for differentiating hiPSCs into mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The monolayer method is characterized by lower cost, simpler operation, and easier osteogenic differentiation. The embryoid bodies (EBs) method is characterized by lower time consumption.