Ludwig-Maximilians-University 2 articles published in JoVE Neuroscience Isolation and Direct Neuronal Reprogramming of Mouse Astrocytes Bob A. Hersbach1,2,3, Tatiana Simon2, Giacomo Masserdotti1,2 1Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 2Department of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 3Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, BioCenter, Ludwig-Maximilians University Here we describe a detailed protocol to generate highly enriched cultures of astrocytes derived from different regions of the central nervous system of postnatal mice and their direct conversion into functional neurons by the forced expression of transcription factors. Medicine Real-Time Electrocardiogram Monitoring During Treadmill Training in Mice Philipp Tomsits*1,2,4, Aparna Sharma Chivukula*1,2, Kavi Raj Chataut*1,2, Agus Simahendra3, Ludwig T. Weckbach1,2,3, Stefan Brunner1, Sebastian Clauss1,2,4 1Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU), 2DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), 3Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 4Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU) Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the key variable to understanding cardiac electrophysiology. Physical exercise has beneficial effects but may also be harmful in the context of cardiovascular diseases. This manuscript provides a method of recording real-time ECG during exercise, which can serve to investigate its effects on cardiac electrophysiology in mice.