Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology View Institution's Website 2 articles published in JoVE Medicine Immunofluorescence Labelling of Human and Murine Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Paraffin-Embedded Tissue Ulrike Abu Abed1,2, Volker Brinkmann1 1Microscopy Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, 2Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are three-dimensional structures generated by stimulated neutrophil granulocytes. It has become clear in recent years that NETs are involved in a wide variety of diseases. Detection of NETs in tissue may have diagnostic relevance, so standardized protocols for labelling NET components are required. Immunology and Infection Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: How to Generate and Visualize Them Volker Brinkmann1, Britta Laube1, Ulrike Abu Abed1,2, Christian Goosmann1,2, Arturo Zychlinsky2 1Core Facility Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, 2Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) are an important innate immune mechanism to fight pathogenic bacteria, fungi and parasites. Here we describe methods to isolate neutrophil granulocytes from human blood and to activate them to form NETs. We present preparation techniques to visualize NETs in light and electron microscopy.