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The Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE) is a peer reviewed, PubMed-indexed video journal. Our mission is to increase the productivity of scientific research.

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University of California, San Francisco

44 articles published in JoVE

 JoVE Bioengineering

Magnetically-Assisted Remote Controlled Microcatheter Tip Deflection under Magnetic Resonance Imaging


JoVE 50299 4/04/2013

1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 4, 5, 1

1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 2School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 3Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF Medical Center, 4University of California, San Francisco, 5Hansen Medical, Mountain View, CA

Current applied to an endovascular microcatheter with microcoil tip made by laser lathe lithography can achieve controllable deflections under magnetic resonance (MR) guidance, which may improve speed and efficacy of navigation of vasculature during various endovascular procedures.

 JoVE General

Isolation and Differentiation of Stromal Vascular Cells to Beige/Brite Cells


JoVE 50191 3/28/2013

1,2,3, 1, 1

1UCSF Diabetes Center and Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, 2Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, 3National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway

Primary white preadipocytes isolated from white adipose tissues in mice can be differentiated into beige/brite cells. Presented here is a reliable cellular model system to study the molecular regulation of "browning" of white fat.

 JoVE Neuroscience

Forebrain Electrophysiological Recording in Larval Zebrafish


JoVE 50104 1/24/2013

Epilepsy Research Laboratory, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco

A simple method to record extracellular field potentials in the larval zebrafish forebrain is described. The method provides a robust in vivo read-out of seizure-like activity. This technique can be used with genetically modified zebrafish larvae carrying epilepsy-related genes or seizures evoked by administration of convulsant drugs.

 JoVE Neuroscience

A Molecular Readout of Long-term Olfactory Adaptation in C. elegans


JoVE 4443 12/22/2012

1, 2, 3, 1

1Department of Biological Sciences and Institute for Neuroscience, George Washington University, 2Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 3Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco

Here we describe a molecular readout of long-term olfactory adaptation in Caenorhabditis elegans. The Protein Kinase G, EGL-4, is necessary for stable adaptation responses in the primary sensory neuron pair called AWC. During prolonged odor exposure EGL-4 translocates from the cytosol to nucleus of the AWC.

 JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Repair of a Critical-sized Calvarial Defect Model Using Adipose-derived Stromal Cells Harvested from Lipoaspirate


JoVE 4221 10/31/2012

*1,2, *1,3, 1, 1, 1, 1,4, 5, 1, 1

1Department of Surgery, Stanford University, 2Department of Surgery, Duke University, 3Department of Surgery, Saint Joseph Mercy Hospital, 4School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 5School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles

This protocol describes the isolation of adipose-derived stromal cells from lipoaspirate and the creation of a 4 mm critical-sized calvarial defect to evaluate skeletal regeneration.

 JoVE General

An Analytical Tool that Quantifies Cellular Morphology Changes from Three-dimensional Fluorescence Images


JoVE 4233 8/31/2012

1,2, 1, 1,3

1Medications Development, Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, 2Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of California, San Francisco, 3Translational Research Institute and the Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia

We developed a software platform that utilizes Imaris Neuroscience, ImarisXT and MATLAB to measure the changes in morphology of an undefined shape taken from three-dimensional confocal fluorescence of single cells. This novel approach can be used to quantify changes in cell shape following receptor activation and therefore represents a possible additional tool for drug discovery.

 JoVE General

Synthesis of an In vivo MRI-detectable Apoptosis Probe


JoVE 3775 7/31/2012

1, 2,3, 1, 1

1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, 2Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 3San Francisco VAMC

Early detection of apoptosis may identify at-risk cell populations in a variety of diseases. Here we demonstrate a method to link an early apoptosis-detection protein (Annexin V) to a MRI-detectable iron oxide nanoparticle (SPIO). This method may be extended to other proteins of interest to generate MRI-detectable molecular imaging probes.

 JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

An Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and the Evaluation of Intravesical saRNA Treatment


JoVE 4207 7/28/2012

*1, *1, 2, 2, 2, 1

1Department of Urology and Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, 2Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Establishing an orthotopic bladder tumor model to evaluate antitumor effects of intravesically delivered saRNA and monitoring tumor growth by ultrasound and bioluminescent imaging.

 JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects


JoVE 3552 4/11/2012

, , , ,

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco

This article describes a method for stabilizing long bone fractures that is based on the application of modified Ilizarov external fixators 1-3. After application of the fixators and creation of the bone injury, healing can be assessed, distraction osteogenesis can be performed, or non-union or critical sized defect can be created and used to study therapeutic interventions.

 JoVE Neuroscience

In vivo Imaging of the Mouse Spinal Cord Using Two-photon Microscopy


JoVE 2760 1/05/2012

1, 1,2

1Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California, San Francisco, 2Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco

A minimally invasive protocol to stabilize the mouse spinal column and perform repetitive in vivo spinal cord imaging using two-photon microscopy is described. This method combines a spinal stabilization device and an anesthetic regimen to minimize respiratory-induced movements and produce raw imaging data that require no alignment or other post-processing.

 JoVE Bioengineering

Visualizing Proteins and Macromolecular Complexes by Negative Stain EM: from Grid Preparation to Image Acquisition


JoVE 3227 12/22/2011

1, 2, 2

1Graduate Group in Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, 2Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco

Visualizing protein samples by negative stain electron microscopy (EM) has become a popular structural analysis method. It is useful for quantitative structural analysis, such as calculating a 3D reconstruction of the molecules being studied, and also for qualitative examination of the quality of protein preparations. In this article we present detailed protocols for preparing the EM grids, staining the sample and visualizing the sample in an electron microscope. Novice users can follow these protocols easily and to utilize negative stain EM as a routine assay, in addition to other biochemical assays, for evaluating their protein samples.

 JoVE Neuroscience

Cerebrovascular Casting of the Adult Mouse for 3D Imaging and Morphological Analysis


JoVE 2958 11/30/2011

1, 1, 1,2,3, 1

1Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 3Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco

In this article, we present a simple, practical technique for cerebrovascular casting that is easy to perform and can be utilized to image the vascular tree of the adult mouse brain.

 JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Guide Wire Assisted Catheterization and Colored Dye Injection for Vascular Mapping of Monochorionic Twin Placentas


JoVE 2837 9/05/2011

1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4

1Division of Pediatric and Fetal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 2Department of Pathology, University of Alberta, 3Department of Obstretics and Gynecology, University of California, San Francisco, 4Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco

Vascular mapping of monochorionic (MC) twin placentas after birth provides a means for detailed demonstration of vascular connections between the twins’ circulations. Imbalance of these connections is thought to play a pivotal role in the development of complications of MC twinning including twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome.

 JoVE Bioengineering

High Throughput MicroRNA Profiling: Optimized Multiplex qRT-PCR at Nanoliter Scale on the Fluidigm Dynamic ArrayTM IFCs


JoVE 2552 8/03/2011

1,2,3, 1,2,4, 5, 1,2,6, 1,2,3,7

1The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, 2Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, 3Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, 4Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, 5Fluidigm Corporation, Fluidigm Corporation, 6Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, 7UCSF - Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco

Here we describe an optimized multiplex reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) protocol in combination with a microfluidic platform as a cost and time effective high-throughput screening tool for microRNA (miRNA) expression levels, especially when working with limited amounts of sample.

 JoVE Immunology and Infection

Using a Pan-Viral Microarray Assay (Virochip) to Screen Clinical Samples for Viral Pathogens


JoVE 2536 4/27/2011

1, 1, 1,2, 1,2

1Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 2Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California, San Francisco

The Virochip is a pan-viral microarray designed to simultaneously detect all known viruses as well as novel viruses on the basis of conserved sequence homology. Here we demonstrate how to run a Virochip assay to analyze clinical samples for the presence of both known and unknown viruses.

 JoVE Neuroscience

Time-lapse Live Imaging of Clonally Related Neural Progenitor Cells in the Developing Zebrafish Forebrain


JoVE 2594 4/06/2011

, ,

Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Programs in Human Genetics and Biological Sciences , University of California San Francisco

The present video demonstrates a method which takes advantage of the combination of electroporation and confocal microscopy to perform live imaging on individual neural progenitor cells in the developing zebrafish forebrain. In vivo analysis of the development of forebrain neural progenitor cells at a clonal level can be achieved in this way.

 JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Myo-mechanical Analysis of Isolated Skeletal Muscle


JoVE 2582 2/22/2011

1,2, 3, 2, 4, 1,2,5

1Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, 2Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 3Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 4Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 5Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine & Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco

To assess the in vivo effects of therapeutic interventions for muscle disease, methods are needed to quantitate force generation and fatigability in treated muscle. We detail an approach to evaluating myo-mechanical properties in explanted mouse hindlimb muscle. This analysis provides a robust approach to quantitating the effects of genetic modification on muscle function, as well as comparison of therapies in mouse models of muscle disease.

 JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Mouse Model of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion


JoVE 2761 2/13/2011

1, 1, 1,2

1Department of Neurology, Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, 2Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University

We demonstrate in the video a method for producing a middle cerebral artery occlusion in adult mice using an intraluminal monofilament. We also show how to evaluate the extent of cerebral infarction by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining.

 JoVE Neuroscience

A Novel Method for Assessing Proximal and Distal Forelimb Function in the Rat: the Irvine, Beatties and Bresnahan (IBB) Forelimb Scale


JoVE 2246 12/16/2010

, , , , ,

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco

Here we will describe a rodent behavioral assay that can detect recovery of both proximal and distal forelimb function including digit movements during a naturally occurring behavior that does not require extensive training or deprivation to enhance motivation.

 JoVE Neuroscience

Systemic and Local Drug Delivery for Treating Diseases of the Central Nervous System in Rodent Models


JoVE 1992 8/16/2010

, , ,

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco - UCSF

Thorough preclinical testing of drugs that act in the central nervous system often involves assessing and comparing drug biodistribution in association with specific routes of administration. Here, three commonly used methods of systemic delivery (intravenous, intraperitoneal, and oral) as well as a method for local delivery (convection-enhanced delivery) are demonstrated in mice.

 JoVE General

Fate Mapping of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Teratoma Formation


JoVE 2036 8/01/2010

,

Cardiovascular Research Institute, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco

Directed differentiation of hESCs into specific cells has generated much interest in regenerative medicine. We provide a concise, step-by-step protocol for determining the in vivo fate of selected hESCs that provides a valuable tool for characterizing tissue-specific reagents for cell-based therapy.

 JoVE Neuroscience

Establishing Intracranial Brain Tumor Xenografts With Subsequent Analysis of Tumor Growth and Response to Therapy using Bioluminescence Imaging


JoVE 1986 7/13/2010

,

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco - UCSF

Luciferase-modified human brain tumor xenografts can be established intracranially in athymic mice, with subsequent monitoring of tumor growth and response to therapy using bioluminescence imaging. In combination with survival analysis, bioluminescence monitoring is an essential research tool for pre-clinical testing of therapies being considered for treating brain tumors.

 JoVE Neuroscience

The Subventricular Zone En-face: Wholemount Staining and Ependymal Flow


JoVE 1938 5/06/2010

1, 2,3, 4, 2,5, 1

1Department of Neurosurgery, The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco - UCSF, 2Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 3Department of Neuroscience and Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 4Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 5Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University

The lateral ventricle walls contain the largest germinal region in the adult mammalian brain. Traditionally, studies on neurogenesis in this region have relied on classical sectioning techniques for histological analysis. Here we present an alternative approach, the wholemount technique, which provides a comprehensive, en-face view of this germinal region.

 JoVE General

Implantation of Ferumoxides Labeled Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cartilage Defects


JoVE 1793 4/05/2010

, ,

Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Medical Center, University of California San Francisco

Goal of the presentation is to demonstrate a highly reproducible method to generate matrix associated stem cell implants in cartilage defects, which can be visualized with MR imaging. Stem cells are labeled with FDA-approved Ferumoxides, mixed with agarose, implanted into cartilage defects and imaged with a 7T MR scanner.

 JoVE General

A Lectin HPLC Method to Enrich Selectively-glycosylated Peptides from Complex Biological Samples


JoVE 1398 10/01/2009

1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 3, 2, 1, 1

1Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco - UCSF, 2Buck Institute for Age Research, 3Department of Chemistry, Purdue University

Lectin-conjugated POROS beads were employed for HPLC. Glycopeptide standards served as positive and negative controls. MARS-14 depleted, trypsin-digested human plasma was chromatographed and flow-through (FT) and bound fractions collected for ESI-LC-MS/MS analyses. Glycopeptides were enriched in the bound fraction as compared to FT.

 JoVE General

Dopamine Release at Individual Presynaptic Terminals Visualized with FFNs


JoVE 1562 8/31/2009

1,2, 3,4, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 5, 5, 1,2,6, 3

1Departments of Neurology, Columbia University, 2Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Columbia University, 3Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 4eMolecules, Inc., 5Departments of Neurology and Physiology, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, 6Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York Psychiatric Institute

A new means to measure neurotransmission optically using fluorescent dopamine analogs.

 JoVE General

Labeling Stem Cells with Fluorescent Dyes for non-invasive Detection with Optical Imaging


JoVE 686 4/02/2008

, , ,

Contrast Agent Research Group at the Center for Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco

This video shows techniques for labeling of human embryonic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells with fluorescent dyes. This technique can be used for an in vivo tracking of transplanted stem cells with optical imaging and for histopathological correlations with fluorescence microscopy.

 JoVE General

Labeling hESCs and hMSCs with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Non-Invasive in vivo Tracking with MR Imaging


JoVE 685 3/31/2008

, ,

Contrast Agent Research Group at the Center for Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco

For the evaluation of new stem cell therapies it is important to non-invasively track the injected cells in vivo. This video will show you how to label human mesenchymal and embryonic stem cells with iron oxide based contrast agents in vivo for subsequent MR imaging in vivo.

 JoVE General

Orthotopic Mouse Model of Colorectal Cancer


JoVE 484 12/04/2007

1,2, 2, 2

1Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco - UCSF, 2Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine

Two techniques can be used to establish this model: injection of a cancer cell suspension into the cecal wall or transplantation of a piece of subcutaneous tumor onto the cecum. This model is useful for studying the natural progression of colorectal cancer and testing new therapeutic agents against colorectal cancer.

 JoVE General

Transplantation of Pancreatic Islets Into the Kidney Capsule of Diabetic Mice


JoVE 404 10/31/2007

, ,

Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco - UCSF

Our protocol was developed to cleanly and easily deliver islets or cells under the kidney capsule of mice. Cells are concentrated into pellets in the final tubing used for transplanting the cells under the kidney capsule. The ease of this technique reduces stress to the cells and the mouse.

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