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Chapter 7
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Neuromuscular Junction And Blockade
The site of chemical communication between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber is called the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). The end of the motor neuron…
Classification of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
Skeletal muscle relaxants are a group of drugs that can reduce muscle stiffness and induce temporary paralysis to relieve pain. These agents can act…
Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Mechanism of Action
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers induce paralysis by competitively blocking nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the muscle end plate. Examples…
Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacological Actions
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers prevent the membrane depolarization of muscle cells and inhibit muscle contraction. These are usually…
Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacokinetics
All neuromuscular blocking agents are injected intravenously because they are poorly absorbed from the GI tract. Rapid onset is achieved with…
Depolarizing Blockers: Mechanism of Action
Depolarizing blockers act on skeletal muscle fibers' membranes and induce their depolarization. Most depolarizing blockers have two quaternary N+…
Depolarizing Blockers: Pharmocokinetics
Depolarizing blockers are administered through intravenous injection. Succinylcholine is the most common choice of depolarizing blockers in emergency…
Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin
Directly acting muscle relaxants like dantrolene and botulinum toxin (BoNT) have distinct mechanisms and applications. Dantrolene, a hydantoin…
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects
Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used for muscle paralysis and relieving pain following any muscle injury or stiffness. However, depending on the…
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses
Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants…
Spasmolytic Agents: Chemical Classification
Spasmolytic agents are drugs used to alleviate muscle spasms and spasticity. They can be categorized into different chemical groups based on their…
Peripherally and Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: A Comparison
Skeletal muscle relaxants can target the central nervous system [CNS] to reduce muscle tension or act directly at the neuromuscular junction to…
Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses
Centrally acting muscle relaxants reduce muscle tone and tension by interfering with the postsynaptic reflexes in the central nervous…
Visualizing the Live <em>Drosophila</em> Glial-neuromuscular Junction with Fluorescent Dyes
Our project identified GFP labeled glial structures at the developing larval fly neuromuscular synapse. To look at development of live…
Measuring Neuromuscular Junction Functionality
Neuromuscular junction (NMJ) functionality plays a pivotal role when studying diseases in which the communication between motor neuron and muscle is…
Registration of Calcium Transients in Mouse Neuromuscular Junction with High Temporal Resolution using Confocal Microscopy
Estimation of the presynaptic calcium level is a key task in studying synaptic transmission since calcium entry into the presynaptic cell triggers a…

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