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Chapter 1
Basics of Electric Circuits

Charge and Current
Electric charge is the most fundamental quantity in an electric circuit. The effects of electric charge are encountered daily, such as when a wool…
Voltage
The movement of electrons in a conductor requires some form of energy or work, usually provided by an external force, like a battery. This force is…
Power and Energy
The power and energy delivered to an element are subjects of great significance in the field of electrical engineering. It is a well-known fact that…
Electric Circuit Elements
Circuit elements are the basic building blocks of an electric circuit. Essentially, an electric circuit is the interconnection of these elements.…
Circuit Terminology
An electrical network is a system composed of interconnected elements, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and voltage or current sources.…
Independent and Dependent Sources
In electrical circuits, sources play a crucial role in providing power for the operation of the circuit. These sources can be broadly categorized…
Ohm's Law
Resistors are fundamental components in electrical circuits, often manufactured from metallic alloys or carbon compounds. They model a material's…
Kirchhoff's Current Law
In the realm of electrical engineering, physicist Gustav Robert Kirchhoff made a significant contribution in 1847 by introducing Kirchhoff's laws…
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) is another fundamental principle in electrical engineering, introduced by physicist Gustav Robert Kirchhoff. This…
Voltage Dividers
In electrical circuits, resistors can be connected in series, sequentially linked one after the other. In a series configuration, the same current…
Current Dividers
In parallel electrical connections, resistors are linked between the same pair of nodes, creating an equal voltage across each resistor.…
Equivalent Resistance
In circuit analysis, situations often arise where resistors are neither in series nor parallel configurations. To tackle such scenarios,…
Design Example: Resistive Touchscreen
A device engineer plays a crucial role in designing user interfaces for mobile devices. One such interface is the resistive touchscreen, which…
Modeling Biological Membranes with Circuit Boards and Measuring Electrical Signals in Axons: Student Laboratory Exercises
This is a demonstration of how electrical models can be used to characterize biological membranes. This exercise also introduces biophysical…
Voltage Biasing, Cyclic Voltammetry, & Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Neural Interfaces
Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measure properties of the electrode-tissue interface without additional invasive…
A Simple Approach to Perform TEER Measurements Using a Self-Made Volt-Amperemeter with Programmable Output Frequency
Transepithelial/endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) has been used since the 1980s to determine confluency and permeability of in vitro barrier…

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