Name: gravity between masses and distance
Uploaded: 2023-09-22T11:49:18.000Z
Duration: 1 min 24 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Louisiana Student Standards for Science

High School

Earth Science

Earth’s Place In The Universe

HS-ESS1-4

Newton's Law of Gravitational Attraction

ينص قانون نيوتن لجذب الجاذبية على أنه عندما يتم فصل جسيمين من كتلتين م1 و م2 عن طريق المسافة r ، فإنهما يجذبان بعضهما البعض بقوى متساوية ومعاكسة.
تعمل قوة الجذب على طول الخط الذي يربط الجسيمات وتختلف بشكل مباشر كنتاج كتلتها وبشكل عكسي كمربع المسافة بينهما ، حيث G هو الثابت العالمي المعروف باسم ثابت الجاذبية.
قوة جذب الجاذبية التي تمارسها الأرض على جسم ما هي وزن الجسم. إنه نتاج كتلة الجسم وتسارعه بسبب الجاذبية ، معبرا عنه بالنيوتن.
فواصل الجاذبية والمطارق المتساقطة وناقلات الجاذبية هي بعض الأدوات الميكانيكية التي تعمل على مبدأ قانون نيوتن للجاذبية.
ضع في اعتبارك عملية تزوير المطرقة المتساقطة. هنا ، يتم رفع مطرقة وزن معين إلى ارتفاع معين ثم يسمح لها بالسقوط بحرية.
نظرا لأن الأرض لديها جاذبية قوية ، فإن المطرقة تسقط دائما. القوة الناتجة عن هذا السقوط تعطي الشكل المطلوب لقطع العمل.

<ol>
	<li>هيبلر ، آر سي (2016). الميكانيكا الهندسية - الإحصاء والديناميكيات. هوبوكين ، نيو جيرسي: قاعة بيرسون برنتيس. ص 7</li>
	<li>بير ، إف بي ؛ جونستون ، إي آر ؛ مازوريك ، د. إف. كرومويل ، بي جيه وسيلف ، ب. (2019). ميكانيكا المتجهات للمهندسين - الإحصاء والديناميكيات. نيويورك: ماكجرو هيل. الصفحتان 4 و 5</li>
	<li>مريم ، جي إل. كريج ، إل جي وبولتون ، ج. (2020). الميكانيكا الهندسية - الإحصاء. هوبوكين ، نيو جيرسي: جون وايلي. ص 7 و 8</li>
</ol>

قانون الجذب العام لنيوتن

<div style="direction:rtl">أسس السير إسحاق نيوتن شمولية قانون الجذب العام بناءا على الأدلة التجريبية و الاستقراء المنطقي . نشر عمله في كتاب "الأصول الرياضية للفلسفة الطبيعية"(المبادئ الرياضية في الفيزياء) في الخامس من يوليو ١٦٨٧. قانون نيوتن للجذب العام هو قانون أساسي في علم الفيزياء يهتم بقوى التجاذب بين الأجسام. وينص على أن مقدار قوى التجاذب بين أي جسمين يتناسب طرديا مع كتلتهما وعكسياً مع مربع المسافة بينهما. يزداد التجاذب بين الأجسام ذات الكتل الأكبر. يتأثر كل زوج من الأجسام بقوى التجاذب. أحد أشهر تطبيقات هذا القانون هو فهمنا لحركة الكواكب في النظام الشمسي. تتسبب قوى الجاذبية بين الكواكب والشمس في تحرك الكواكب حول الشمس. كما يشرح أيضًا الظواهر الطبيعية مثل المد والجزر الناجمة عن تأثير قوى الجاذبية بين القمر و الأرض. ايضا يُستخدم هذا القانون هو في تصميم لعبة الأفعوانية او قطار الموت. حيث تتحرك عربات الأفعوانيات بواسطة حلقة رفع بسلاسل، توفر القوة الأولية اللازمة لتحريك العربة إلى اول مرتفع حاد . عند الوصول إلى اعلى نقطة، تتسبب قوةالجاذبية الارضية في سحب العربة لأسفل المسار وتحريكها نحو سلسلة من المنعطفات والحلقات والانخفاضات. تتمثل اهمية قانون الجذب العام في نجاحه في تفسير العديد من الظواهر، مثل كيفية تأثير الاجسام الكبيرة نسبيا على بعضها البعض ، وكيفية تفسير الجاذبية فيما يتعلق بوزن الجسم وبقائنا على الأرض، وكيفية حركة القمر حول الأرض، وكيفية حدوث حركة الكواكب، ونشوء المد والجزر، وما إلى ذلك.</div>

أسس السير إسحاق نيوتن عالمية قانون جذب الجاذبية بناء على الأدلة التجريبية والتفكير الاستقرائي. نشر كتابه ...

Education

JoVE Core

Mechanical Engineering

الهندسة الميكانيكية

Unit 1

الوحدة الأولى

An Introduction to Statics

مقدمة في علم السكون (الاستاتيكا)

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

المصطلحات والمفاهيم الأساسية

gravity between masses and distance

Newton’s law of gravitational attraction describes how gravity acts between two objects. Sir Isaac Newton built this law from empirical evidence and inductive reasoning. He published it in Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, or the Principia, on July 5, 1687.

The law says that the gravitational force between any two objects depends on their masses and their distance apart. The force is proportional to mass and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the objects. In simple terms, larger masses create stronger gravity, while greater distance weakens the force.

Every pair of bodies experiences gravitational force. This law helps explain the motion of the planets in the solar system. The pull between the Sun and the planets keeps them moving around the Sun.

Newton’s law also explains tides on Earth. The Moon’s gravitational force on Earth produces tidal forces. The same idea helps describe roller coasters, too. A chain lift hill gives the cart its initial motion up the first steep hill, and then gravity pulls it down through turns, loops, and drops.

This universal law of gravitation is important because it explains many large-scale effects in the macroscopic universe. It accounts for a body’s weight and helps keep us on the ground. It also describes the Moon’s motion around Earth, planetary motion, and the generation of tides.

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newton's law of gravitational attraction

Newton’s law of gravitational attraction describes how gravity acts between two objects. Sir Isaac Newton built this law from empirical evidence and inductive reasoning. He published it in Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, or the Principia, on July 5, 1687. The law says that the gravitational force between any two objects depends on their masses and their distance apart. The force is proportional to mass and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the objects.

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Physics

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HS-ESS1-2

Communicate scientific ideas about the way stars, over their life cycle, produce elements.  Emphasis is on the way nucleosynthesis, and therefore the different elements created, depends on the mass of a star and the stage of its lifetime .

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Evaluate evidence of the past and current movements of continental and oceanic crust and the theory of plate tectonics to explain the ages of crustal rocks.  Emphasis is on the ability of plate tectonics to explain the ages of crustal rocks. Examples include evidence of the ages of oceanic crust increasing with distance from mid-ocean ridges (a result of plate spreading) and the ages of North American continental crust decreasing with distance away from a central ancient continental center (a result of past plate interactions) .

HS-ESS1-5

Apply scientific reasoning and evidence from ancient Earth materials, meteorites, and other planetary surfaces to construct an account of Earth's formation and early history.  Emphasis is on using available evidence within the solar system to reconstruct the early history of Earth, which formed along with the rest of the solar system 4.6 billion years ago. Examples include the absolute age of ancient materials (obtained by radiometric dating of meteorites, moon rocks, and Earth's oldest materials), the sizes and compositions of solar system objects, and the impact cratering record of planetary surfaces .

HS-ESS1-6

Gravity Between Masses and Distance

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