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Developmental psychology involves studying human development, which refers to the pattern of changes and continuities in human abilities throughout life.

While development generally involves growth, it also includes aspects of decline, particularly in physical abilities as people age.

Developmental psychology examines not only how humans change physically but also how they evolve in their thinking, language use, and social relationships.

A key concept in developmental psychology is developmental milestones, referring to age-related averages used as general guidelines for comparing children with peers of the same age.

These milestones help determine the typical ages at which children achieve specific events, such as crawling, walking, writing, dressing, naming colors, speaking in sentences, and entering puberty.

Additionally, biological milestones, like puberty, are generally universal, while social milestones, such as the children's age to begin formal education, vary across cultures. For example, in some countries, children typically start school at age 5 or 6, while in others, they may begin at a later age or experience interruptions or limitations in their education.