Antibody Titer Measurement
Antibody Titer Measurement - Related Videos
03:19
An Assay to Measure Influenza Neuraminidase Inhibition Antibody Titers
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2025
This video demonstrates an assay measuring influenza neuraminidase (NA) inhibiting antibody titers in a serum sample. A serum sample containing antibodies against NA is added to a fetuin-coated microwell plate. Upon adding the virus, the antibodies prevent viral NA from cleaving fetuin and exposing its galactose moiety. A peroxidase-conjugated lectin is then added, which binds to the exposed galactose. The NA-inhibiting antibody titer is determined using a colorimetric test, where a peroxidase...
05:33
A Microneutralization Assay to Measure Neutralizing Antibody Titers in Human Serum
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2025
This video demonstrates Microneutralization assays to measure neutralizing antibodies using Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells overexpressing α2,6-linked sialic acid in human sera. This assay is often used for influenza human...
08:11
Measuring Influenza Neuraminidase Inhibition Antibody Titers by Enzyme-linked Lectin Assay
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Cited by 54 •
2016
We describe the enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA) for measuring influenza neuraminidase (NA)-inhibition antibody titers in sera. The assay uses peanut agglutinin to quantify galactose residues that become accessible when NA removes sialic acid from fetuin-coated, 96-well plates.
05:01
An Assay to Measure the Neutralizing Antibody Titer Specific for Respiratory Syncytial Virus
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2025
This video demonstrates an assay for measuring neutralizing antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Pre-incubation with serum containing RSV-neutralizing antibodies neutralizes the virus particles, reducing cellular infection and plaque formation. Virus-infected cells are then subjected to fixation, blocking, and fluorophore-conjugated antibody labeling for plaque visualization. This process enables the identification of the highest serum dilution that neutralizes fifty percent of...
06:34
An Optimized Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) Assay to Quantify Influenza-specific Antibody Titers
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Cited by 74 •
2017
The presented protocols describe how to perform a hemagglutination inhibition assay to quantify influenza-specific antibody titers from serum samples of influenza vaccine recipients. The first assay determines optimal viral antigen concentrations by hemagglutination. The second assay quantifies influenza-specific antibody titers by hemagglutination inhibition.
FAQs
Serial dilution makes the measurement an endpoint rather than a direct concentration reading. A serum sample is progressively diluted, and each dilution is tested for a defined reaction. The titer corresponds to the highest dilution that remains detectably positive. Because the result depends on that endpoint, the assay’s detection rule should be applied consistently when samples are compared.
ELISA, agglutination, and neutralization are alternative assay formats for antibody titer measurement, and each defines a detectable reaction differently. Consequently, a reported titer is meaningful within the conditions and readout of its assay. Titers generated by different formats should therefore be interpreted cautiously rather than assumed to be directly equivalent.
A titer can provide an estimate of antibody concentration or antibody activity, depending on the assay used. This distinction matters when interpreting results: a higher endpoint may indicate more detectable antigen-specific antibody, stronger measured activity, or both, but the titer alone does not specify which property was assessed. The assay format and reporting context are therefore essential.
Investigators begin with a biological sample such as serum, prepare serial dilutions, expose those dilutions to the selected assay, and identify the last dilution producing the defined reaction. They then report that dilution as the endpoint titer. This workflow converts a dilution series into a standardized result suitable for comparing samples or observations.
Antibody titer measurement is useful when the question concerns immune response after vaccination, infection, or an assessment of immune status. A single sample can provide a measured endpoint, while results from multiple samples can support comparisons among individuals or experimental conditions. In research and clinical investigations, this helps characterize antigen-specific antibody production.
Comparing titers across time points can reveal whether an immune response changes during a study. The same type of measurement can support investigations of antibody production in studies of disease, therapeutics, or vaccine effectiveness. Interpretation depends on comparing endpoint results within an appropriate assay context, since each titer reflects the defined detectable reaction used for that measurement.