Jasmonic Acid
Jasmonic Acid - Related Videos
03:38
Polyprotic Acids
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2020
Acids are classified by the number of protons per molecule that they can give up in a reaction. Acids such as HCl, HNO3, and HCN that contain one ionizable hydrogen atom in each molecule are called monoprotic acids. Their reactions with water are: Monoprotic acids: Reactions with water HCl (aq) + H2O (l) ⟶ H3O+ (aq) + Cl− (aq) HNO3 (aq) + H2O (l) ⟶ H3O+ (aq) + NO3− (aq) HCN (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ H3O+ (aq) + CN− (aq) Even though it contains four hydrogen...
03:27
Mixtures of Acids
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2020
The pH of a solution containing an acid can be determined using its acid dissociation constant and its initial concentration. If a solution contains two different acids, then its pH can be determined using one of several methods depending upon the relative strength of the acids and their dissociation constants. A Mixture of a Strong Acid and a Weak Acid In a mixture of a strong acid and a weak acid, the strong acid dissociates completely and becomes a source of almost all the hydronium ions...
02:43
Nucleic Acids
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2020
Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning. DNA and RNA The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the...
06:52
Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes
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Cited by 5 •
2019
Altered nuclease activity has been associated with different human conditions, underlying its potential as a biomarker. The modular and easy to implement screening methodology presented in this paper allows the selection of specific nucleic acid probes for harnessing nuclease activity as a biomarker of disease.
01:21
Acidity of Carboxylic Acids
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2023
Carboxylic acids are the strongest organic acids. However, their acidic strength is much less than mineral acids like HCl. Carboxylic acids ionize in water and readily lose the hydroxyl proton to form a resonance-stabilized carboxylate ion. The acid dissociation constant (Ka) or pKa value indicates the extent of ionization, reflecting the moderate acidic strength of carboxylic acids. For simple carboxylic acids, the Ka values are around 10−5, and the pKa values are in the range of 4–5. In...
FAQs
The key signaling switch is formation of the COI1-JAZ receptor complex after jasmonoyl-isoleucine accumulates. This complex promotes degradation of JAZ proteins, which repress defense-related transcription. Removing that repression allows MYC proteins and other transcription factors to activate genes involved in protective responses. The sequence links hormone signaling to a change in gene expression.
JAZ proteins and MYC proteins occupy opposing regulatory positions. JAZ proteins restrain transcriptional activation, whereas their degradation releases MYC proteins to activate defense-related genes. This arrangement creates a controllable molecular switch: receptor engagement does not simply add a new factor, but removes repression and permits a defense-related transcriptional program to proceed.
Membrane lipids provide the starting material for jasmonic acid production. The pathway then converts it into jasmonoyl-isoleucine, the active conjugate that promotes formation of the COI1-JAZ complex. This conversion is important because it connects lipid-derived signaling chemistry with receptor activation and downstream regulation of defense-related genes.
The pathway coordinates protective responses with growth and development rather than treating them as separate processes. Its signaling can adjust metabolism while strengthening defense, helping plants manage competing biological priorities during stress. This balance provides a useful framework for interpreting hormone effects on both protective functions and developmental outcomes.
Research on this pathway connects molecular events, such as JAZ degradation and MYC release, with broader outcomes including metabolic adjustment and protective responses. This makes jasmonic acid useful for investigating how plants respond to tissue damage, herbivore attack, pathogens, and environmental stress while maintaining growth and development.
Applications extend from crop protection to studies of stress tolerance and agricultural resilience. By clarifying how signaling activates defense-related genes and reshapes metabolism, the pathway provides a biological basis for examining how crops may manage damage, pathogens, or environmental stress more effectively. Its value is therefore both mechanistic and practical within plant biology.