Emerging Bubble Method
Emerging Bubble Method - Related Videos
01:13
Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble
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2023
The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops. where γ corresponds to the surface tension. Recalling that the force per...
05:28
Guidelines in Case of a Laboratory Emergency
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2023
Robert M. Rioux & Zhifeng Chen, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA The most common laboratory emergencies include chemical spills, fire or explosion, electric shock, and personnel injuries. Most laboratory accidents occur due to poor planning or lack of attention. Therefore, it's always better to prevent accidents (being proactive) than having to take any actions during an emergency (being reactive). For example, always wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE) in the...
01:27
Emerging Adulthood
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2025
Jeffrey Arnett's concept of emerging adulthood offers a framework to understand the unique developmental stage between adolescence and full-fledged adulthood, generally from ages 18 to 25. This period is marked by extensive exploration and shifts in identity, relationships, and career choices, a process known in psychology as role experimentation. Emerging adulthood reflects the evolving cultural expectations surrounding adulthood and the dynamic process of personal transformation during this...
09:02
A Method to Test the Efficacy of Handwashing for the Removal of Emerging Infectious Pathogens
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Cited by 9 •
2017
Handwashing is widely recommended to prevent infectious disease transmission. However, there is little evidence on which handwashing methods are most efficacious at removing infectious disease pathogens. We developed a method to assess the efficacy of handwashing methods at removing microorganisms.
05:03
Emergency Eyewash and Shower Stations
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2023
Robert M. Rioux, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) mandates that an emergency eyewash and shower station be easily accessible in all workplaces in which a person could be exposed to injurious and/or corrosive substances. Emergency eyewash and shower stations should be used in the case of a laboratory or workplace accident that involves the spilling of a harmful, possibly corrosive chemical onto the body or the splashing...
FAQs
The pressure maximum marks a defined bubble geometry during formation and expansion. At that point, the measured pressure can be related to surface or interfacial tension through the Laplace principle. This relationship gives the pressure record a quantitative role rather than treating it only as an indication that a bubble has formed.
The submerged capillary provides the route through which gas enters the liquid and establishes the emerging bubble. As gas injection creates and enlarges the bubble, the system monitors the pressure required for that process. Linking bubble formation with pressure monitoring allows fluid tension to be evaluated from an actively generated gas-liquid interface.
The method can be applied to surface tension when the relevant interface is between a liquid and its surrounding gas, or to interfacial tension when two fluid phases are involved. This flexibility makes it useful for examining different engineering liquids and formulations whose behavior depends on the properties of a gas-liquid or liquid-liquid interface.
A liquid sample is prepared with a capillary submerged below its surface or within the relevant fluid system. Gas is then injected through the capillary to form and expand a bubble. During this process, pressure is monitored, and the pressure maximum is interpreted using the defined bubble geometry and Laplace-based relationship.
Engineers can apply the technique when they need to characterize how surfactant solutions or foaming agents behave at gas-liquid interfaces. The resulting tension measurement helps evaluate formulation performance. In process development, that information can support comparisons among fluids and guide optimization of operations where bubble formation or foam-related behavior matters.
Measurements provide information about the tension-related behavior of process fluids, including coatings and other formulations used in engineering systems. By comparing these measurements across candidate fluids, researchers can assess formulation performance and identify options better suited to operations involving gas-liquid interfaces. The method therefore connects interfacial characterization with practical fluid and process decisions.