handwriting-analysis-indicates-spontaneous-dyskinesias-neuroleptic

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Na&#239;ve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

Growing evidence suggests that movement abnormalities are a core feature of psychosis. One marker of movement abnormality, dyskinesia, is a result of ...

University of Colorado Boulder

An accumulating body of literature supports the notion that psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) may occur as a continuous phenotype. However, researchers are still working to determine if these events accompany an underlying continuum of neurobiological vulnerability as well. Within this context, it is notable that spontaneous dyskinetic movements are linked to specific pathogenic factors underlying schizophrenia, but to date there has been little research directed towards determining whether these events are associated with PLEs. In this study, 119 individuals were assessed for PLEs and administered with a sensitive instrumental test of upper extremity dyskinesia. Present findings suggest a relationship between subtle dyskinesia and PLEs in the general population, and provide a new perspective of the psychosis continuum by indicating that basal ganglia pathology may also underlie PLEs at the non-clinical end of this spectrum.

Associations between spontaneous movement abnormalities and psychotic-like experiences in the general population.

Evidence indicating that symptoms of non-clinical psychosis (NCP) occur in 6-8% of the general population suggests that psychosis may occur across a continuum. Although a number of studies have examined environmental contributors, to date there have been few investigations of biological/genetic factors in this integral population. A recent study observed spontaneous dyskinetic movements (reflecting an innervated striatal system) in individuals reporting NCP. The present investigation is designed to replicate this finding and determine if brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (implicated in striatal dopamine function) is associated with dyskinesias.

BDNF Val66Met and spontaneous dyskinesias in non-clinical psychosis.

Internet use has grown exponentially in the past decade, but there has been little systematic research to inform our understanding of how this phenomenon may relate to mental illness. Although several characteristics of individuals experiencing psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) may render this group particularly susceptible to problematic Internet use, to date there have been no studies examining Internet use in this group. Because the experience of PLEs is considered a risk "behaviour" for formal psychosis, it is crucial to understand how patterns of Internet use may be tied to the progression of illness.

Internet addiction, reality substitution and longitudinal changes in psychotic-like experiences in young adults.

&#x7814;&#x7A76;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x4E86;&#x89E3;&#x975E;&#x4E34;&#x5E8A;&#x7CBE;&#x795E;&#x75C5; &#xFF08;NCP &#x7B80;&#x4ECB;&#x7CBE;&#x795E;&#x75C5;&#x6837;&#x7ECF;&#x9A8C;&#x5728; 5-7%&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x4EBA;&#x53E3;&#x4E2D;&#x53D1;&#x751F; &#xFF1B; &#x8303; Os et al&#xFF0C;2009&#x5E74;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x65E5;&#x76CA;&#x660E;&#x663E;&#x7684;&#x8FD0;&#x4F5C;&#x8D64;&#x5B57;&#x548C;&#x9762;&#x90E8;&#x8868;&#x60C5;&#x8BC6;&#x522B; (FER) &#x635F;&#x5BB3;&#x7279;&#x70B9;&#x8FD9;&#x4E00;&#x73B0;&#x8C61;&#x3002;&#x7136;&#x800C;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x57DF;&#x6709;&#x5173;&#x7684;&#x7A0B;&#x5EA6;&#x4ECD;&#x7136;&#x4E0D;&#x6E05;&#x695A;&#x3002;&#x793E;&#x4F1A;/&#x89D2;&#x8272;&#x8FD0;&#x4F5C;&#x548C; FER &#x53C2;&#x5C55;&#x4F4E;&#x548C;&#x9AD8; NCP 65 &#x9752;&#x5C11;&#x5E74;&#x53CA;&#x5E7C;&#x513F;&#x6210;&#x4EBA;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4E86;&#x8BC4;&#x4F30;&#x3002;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x8868;&#x660E; FER &#x548C;&#x793E;&#x4F1A;/&#x89D2;&#x8272;&#x8FD0;&#x4F5C;&#x8D64;&#x5B57;&#x9AD8; NCP &#x7EC4;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x573A;&#x548C;&#x57DF;&#x5173;&#x8054;&#x4EC5;&#x6B64;&#x7EC4;&#x4E2D;&#x3002;&#x4E24;&#x8005;&#x5408;&#x8BA1;&#xFF0C;&#x7814;&#x7A76;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x8868;&#x660E;&#x6838;&#x5FC3;&#x611F;&#x6027;&#x8D64;&#x5B57;&#x7ED1; NCP &#x66F4;&#x5E7F;&#x6CDB;&#x793E;&#x4F1A;/&#x89D2;&#x8272;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x969C;&#x788D;&#x3002;

&#x60C5;&#x611F;&#x8BC6;&#x522B;&#x548C;&#x793E;&#x4F1A;/&#x89D2;&#x8272;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x969C;&#x788D;&#x7684;&#x975E;&#x4E34;&#x5E8A;&#x7CBE;&#x795E;&#x75C5;&#x3002;

As researchers continue to understand non-clinical psychosis (NCP-brief psychotic-like experiences occurring in 5-7% of the general population; van Os et al., 2009), it is becoming evident that functioning deficits and facial emotion recognition (FER) impairment characterize this phenomenon. However, the extent to which these domains are related remains unclear. Social/role functioning and FER were assessed in 65 adolescents/young adults exhibiting low and high-NCP. Results indicate that FER and social/role functioning deficits were present in the High-NCP group, and that the domains were associated in this group alone. Taken together, findings suggest that a core emotive deficit is tied to broader social/role dysfunction in NCP.

Emotion recognition and social/role dysfunction in non-clinical psychosis.

Comme les chercheurs continuent &agrave; comprendre la psychose non clinique (NCP-brief psychotiques comme exp&eacute;riences qui se produisent dans 5 &agrave; 7 % de la population g&eacute;n&eacute;rale ; van Os et al., 2009), il devient &eacute;vident que les d&eacute;ficits de fonctionnement et de la d&eacute;ficience (FER) la reconnaissance du visage &eacute;motion caract&eacute;risent ce ph&eacute;nom&egrave;ne. Cependant, la mesure &agrave; laquelle ces domaines sont li&eacute;s reste incertaine. Fonctionnement social/r&ocirc;le et FER ont &eacute;t&eacute; &eacute;valu&eacute;es dans 65 adolescents/jeunes adultes pr&eacute;sentant une basse et haute-SAV. Les r&eacute;sultats indiquent que le FER et sociale/r&ocirc;le des d&eacute;ficits de fonctionnement &eacute;taient pr&eacute;sents dans le groupe de haut-NCP, et que les domaines ont &eacute;t&eacute; associ&eacute;es &agrave; ce groupe seul. Pris ensemble, les r&eacute;sultats sugg&egrave;rent qu&#39;un d&eacute;ficit &eacute;motionnel de base est li&eacute; &agrave; la dysfonction sociale/r&ocirc;le plus large &agrave; NCP.

&Eacute;motion reconnaissance sociale/r&ocirc;le dysfonctionnement et dans la psychose non clinique.

Forscher weiterhin nicht-klinischer Psychosen (NCP-Aktentasche psychotisch-&auml;hnliche Erfahrungen, die in 5-7 % der Bev&ouml;lkerung im allgemeinen; van Os Et Al., 2009) zu verstehen, ist es offensichtlich immer, dass funktionierende Defizite und Gesichts Emotion Anerkennung (FER) Beeintr&auml;chtigung dieses Ph&auml;nomen charakterisieren. Unklar bleibt jedoch das Ausma&szlig;, mit dem diese Dom&auml;nen verkn&uuml;pft sind. Soziale/Rolle funktionieren und FER wurden in 65 Jugendliche/junge Erwachsene ausstellen, niedrig und hoch-NCP beurteilt. Ergebnisse zeigen, dass FER und sozial-/Rolle funktionieren Defizite in der High-NCP-Gruppe vorhanden waren und die Dom&auml;nen in dieser Gruppe allein verbunden waren. Zusammengenommen zufolge Feststellungen eine Kern emotionales Defizit an breiteren sozialen/Rolle Dysfunktion bei NCP gebunden ist.

Emotion Anerkennung und soziale/Rolle Dysfunktion in nichtklinischen Psychose.

Come i ricercatori continuano a capire psicosi non clinici (esperienze simil-psicotiche NCP-breve che si verificano nel 5-7% della popolazione generale; van Os et al., 2009), sta diventando evidente che deficit di funzionamento e la svalutazione (FER) riconoscimento facciale emozione caratterizzano questo fenomeno. Tuttavia, nella misura in cui sono correlati a questi domini rimane poco chiara. Funzionamento sociale/ruolo e FER sono stati valutati in 65 adolescenti/giovani adulti espositrici low e high-NCP. I risultati indicano che erano presenti nel gruppo High-NCP FER e funzionamento deficit sociali e ruoli, e che i domini sono stati associati in questo gruppo da soli. Presi insieme, scoperte suggeriscono che un deficit emotivo di nucleo &egrave; legato alla disfunzione sociale/ruolo pi&ugrave; ampia nel NCP.

Emozione riconoscimento sociale/ruolo disfunzione e nella psicosi non clinici.

&#x7814;&#x7A76;&#x8005;&#x304C;&#x975E;&#x81E8;&#x5E8A;&#x7CBE;&#x795E;&#x75C5; &#xFF08;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x7684;&#x306A;&#x4EBA;&#x53E3;&#x306E; 5-7% &#x3067;&#x767A;&#x751F;&#x3059;&#x308B; NCP &#x306E;&#x7C21;&#x5358;&#x306A;&#x7CBE;&#x795E;&#x75C5;&#x306E;&#x3088;&#x3046;&#x306A;&#x4F53;&#x9A13;; &#x30F4;&#x30A1;&#x30F3; Os &#x3089;&#x3001;2009&#x5E74;&#xFF09; &#x3092;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x3059;&#x308B;&#x306E;&#x306B;&#x3064;&#x308C;&#x3001;&#x6A5F;&#x80FD;&#x3057;&#x3066;&#x3044;&#x308B;&#x8CA1;&#x653F;&#x8D64;&#x5B57;&#x3068;&#x8868;&#x60C5;&#x8A8D;&#x8B58; (FER) &#x969C;&#x5BB3;&#x3053;&#x306E;&#x73FE;&#x8C61;&#x3092;&#x7279;&#x5FB4;&#x3065;&#x3051;&#x308B;&#x660E;&#x3089;&#x304B;&#x306B;&#x306A;&#x3063;&#x3066;&#x3044;&#x307E;&#x3059;&#x3002;&#x305F;&#x3060;&#x3057;&#x3001;&#x3053;&#x308C;&#x3089;&#x306E;&#x30C9;&#x30E1;&#x30A4;&#x30F3;&#x304C;&#x95A2;&#x9023;&#x3057;&#x3066;&#x3044;&#x308B;&#x7A0B;&#x5EA6;&#x306F;&#x4E0D;&#x660E;&#x3067;&#x3042;&#x308A;&#x307E;&#x3059;&#x3002;&#x793E;&#x4F1A;/&#x5F79;&#x5272;&#x3092;&#x6A5F;&#x80FD;&#x3068; FER &#x51FA;&#x5C55;&#x4F4E;&#x3068;&#x9AD8; NCP 65 &#x9752;&#x5E74;/&#x82E5;&#x3044;&#x5927;&#x4EBA;&#x3067;&#x8A55;&#x4FA1;&#x3055;&#x308C;&#x307E;&#x3057;&#x305F;&#x3002;FER &#x3068;&#x793E;&#x4F1A;/&#x5F79;&#x5272;&#x8D64;&#x5B57;&#x6A5F;&#x80FD;&#x9AD8; NCP &#x30B0;&#x30EB;&#x30FC;&#x30D7;&#x3067;&#x306F;&#x3001;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x3057;&#x3066;&#x3044;&#x305F;&#x3053;&#x3068;&#x3068;&#x30C9;&#x30E1;&#x30A4;&#x30F3;&#x3053;&#x306E;&#x4E00;&#x4EBA;&#x306E;&#x30B0;&#x30EB;&#x30FC;&#x30D7;&#x306B;&#x95A2;&#x9023;&#x4ED8;&#x3051;&#x3089;&#x308C;&#x3066;&#x3044;&#x305F;&#x3053;&#x3068;&#x304C;&#x793A;&#x5506;&#x3055;&#x308C;&#x307E;&#x3057;&#x305F;&#x3002;&#x4E00;&#x7DD2;&#x306B;&#x53D6;&#x3089;&#x308C;&#x3066;&#x3001;&#x30B3;&#x30A2;&#x306E;&#x611F;&#x60C5;&#x306B;&#x8A34;&#x3048;&#x308B;&#x8D64;&#x5B57;&#x3088;&#x308A;&#x5E83;&#x7BC4;&#x306A;&#x793E;&#x4F1A;/&#x5F79;&#x5272;&#x6A5F;&#x80FD;&#x4E0D;&#x5168; NCP &#x306B;&#x7D50;&#x3073;&#x3064;&#x3044;&#x3066;&#x3044;&#x308B;&#x304C;&#x793A;&#x5506;&#x3057;&#x307E;&#x3059;&#x3002;

&#x611F;&#x60C5;&#x8A8D;&#x8B58;&#x3068;&#x793E;&#x4F1A;/&#x5F79;&#x5272;&#x6A5F;&#x80FD;&#x3092;&#x969C;&#x5BB3;&#x3059;&#x308B;&#x975E;&#x81E8;&#x5E8A;&#x7CBE;&#x795E;&#x75C5;&#x3067;

&#xC5F0;&#xAD6C;&#xC6D0;&#xC740; &#xACC4;&#xC18D; &#xBE44; &#xC784;&#xC0C1; &#xC815;&#xC2E0;&#xBCD1; (&#xC77C;&#xBC18; &#xC778;&#xAD6C;&#xC758; 5-7%&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; &#xBC1C;&#xC0DD; &#xD558;&#xB294; NCP &#xC9E7;&#xC740; &#xC815;&#xC2E0;&#xBCD1; &#xAC19;&#xC740; &#xACBD;&#xD5D8;, &#xBC18; &#xC6B4;&#xC601; &#xCCB4;&#xC81C; &#xC678;. 2009) &#xC774;&#xD574;, &#xC791;&#xB3D9; &#xC801;&#xC790; &#xBC0F; &#xC5BC;&#xAD74; &#xAC10;&#xC815; &#xC778;&#xC2DD; (FER) &#xC7A5;&#xC560; &#xD2B9;&#xC131;&#xC774; &#xD604;&#xC0C1;&#xC740; &#xBD84;&#xBA85; &#xD574;&#xC9C0;&#xACE0; &#xC788;&#xB2E4;. &#xADF8;&#xB7EC;&#xB098;, &#xC774;&#xB7EC;&#xD55C; &#xB3C4;&#xBA54;&#xC778; &#xAD00;&#xB828; &#xB41C; &#xBC94;&#xC704; &#xBD88;&#xBD84;&#xBA85; &#xB0A8;&#xC544; &#xC788;&#xC2B5;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;. &#xC0AC;&#xD68C;/&#xC5ED;&#xD560; &#xAE30;&#xB2A5;&#xACFC; &#xADF8;&#xB2E4;&#xC9C0; &#xB0AE; &#xBC0F; &#xB192;&#xC740; NCP &#xC804;&#xC2DC; 65 &#xCCAD;&#xB144;/&#xC80A;&#xC740; &#xC131;&#xC778;&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; &#xD3C9;&#xAC00; &#xD588;&#xB2E4;. &#xACB0;&#xACFC; &#xADF8;&#xB2E4;&#xC9C0;&#xC640; &#xC0AC;&#xD68C;/&#xC5ED;&#xD560; &#xC801;&#xC790; &#xC791;&#xB3D9; &#xB192;&#xC740; NCP &#xADF8;&#xB8F9;&#xC5D0; &#xCC38;&#xC11D; &#xD588;&#xB2E4; &#xADF8;&#xB9AC;&#xACE0; &#xD63C;&#xC790;&#xC774; &#xADF8;&#xB8F9;&#xC5D0;&#xB294; &#xB3C4;&#xBA54;&#xC778; &#xC5F0;&#xACB0; &#xD588;&#xB2E4; &#xB098;&#xD0C0;&#xB0C5;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;. &#xD568;&#xAED8; &#xCC0D;&#xC740; &#xACB0;&#xACFC; &#xD575;&#xC2EC; &#xAC10;&#xC815; &#xC801;&#xC790; NCP&#xC5D0; &#xAD11;&#xBC94;&#xC704; &#xD55C; &#xC0AC;&#xD68C;/&#xC5ED;&#xD560; &#xAE30;&#xB2A5; &#xC7A5;&#xC560;&#xC5D0; &#xBB36;&#xC5EC;&#xC788;&#xB2E4;&#xB294; &#xAC83;&#xC774; &#xC88B;&#xC2B5;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.

&#xBE44; &#xC784;&#xC0C1; &#xC815;&#xC2E0;&#xBCD1;&#xC5D0; &#xAC10;&#xC815; &#xC778;&#xC2DD;&#xACFC; &#xC0AC;&#xD68C;/&#xC5ED;&#xD560; &#xAE30;&#xB2A5; &#xC7A5;&#xC560;.

Mientras los investigadores contin&uacute;an entender la psicosis no cl&iacute;nica (PNC-breve psic&oacute;tico-como experiencias que ocurren en el 5-7% de la poblaci&oacute;n en general, van Os et al., 2009), resulta evidente que los d&eacute;ficits de funcionamiento y deterioro del reconocimiento (FER) de emoci&oacute;n facial caracterizan a este fen&oacute;meno. Sin embargo, la medida a la que se relacionan con estos dominios sigue siendo confusa. Se evaluaron funcionamiento social/papel y FER en 65 adolescentes/j&oacute;venes baja y alta-PNC. Los resultados indican que FER y d&eacute;ficits de funcionamiento social/papel estaban presentes en el grupo de alta-NCP, y que los dominios se asociaron en este grupo solo. Tomados en conjunto, los resultados sugieren que un d&eacute;ficit de base emotiva est&aacute; ligado a la disfunci&oacute;n social/papel m&aacute;s amplia en NCP.

Disfunci&oacute;n de reconocimiento y social/papel de emoci&oacute;n en la psicosis no cl&iacute;nica.

To compare a mindfulness-based intervention with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for the group treatment of anxiety disorders.

Randomized clinical trial of adapted mindfulness-based stress reduction versus group cognitive behavioral therapy for heterogeneous anxiety disorders.

Tinnitus: a potential confound when assessing perceptual abnormalities in ultra-high risk youth.

Sleep dysfunction is a pervasive, distressing characteristic of psychosis, yet little is known regarding sleep quality prior to illness onset. At present, it is unclear whether sleep dysfunction precedes the emergence of psychotic symptoms, signifying a core feature of the disorder, or if it represents a consequence of prolonged contact with aspects of schizophrenia and its treatment (e.g., medication use or neurotoxicity) or co-morbid symptoms (e.g., depressive and manic symptomatology). The current study examined sleep dysfunction in adolescents at ultra high-risk (UHR) for psychosis, relationships between sleep disturbances and psychosis symptoms, volume of an integral sleep-structure (thalamus), and associations between thalamic abnormalities and sleep impairment in UHR youth.

Sleep dysfunction and thalamic abnormalities in adolescents at ultra high-risk for psychosis.

Accumulating evidence suggests that individuals experiencing non-clinical psychosis (NCP) represent a critical group for improving understanding of etiological factors underlying the broader psychosis continuum. Although a wealth of evidence supports widespread neural dysfunction in formal psychosis, there has been little empirical evidence to inform our understanding of putative vulnerability markers or brain structure in NCP. In this study, we examined the neural correlates of spontaneous movement abnormalities, a biomarker previously detected in NCP that is linked to abnormalities in the striatal dopamine.

Article	Year
Associations between spontaneous movement abnormalities and psychotic-like experiences in the general population. Schizophrenia research\| PubMed ID: 21782390	2011
BDNF Val66Met and spontaneous dyskinesias in non-clinical psychosis. Schizophrenia research\| PubMed ID: 22766130	2012
Internet addiction, reality substitution and longitudinal changes in psychotic-like experiences in young adults. Early intervention in psychiatry\| PubMed ID: 22925309	2013
Emotion recognition and social/role dysfunction in non-clinical psychosis. Schizophrenia research\| PubMed ID: 23182437	2012
Randomized clinical trial of adapted mindfulness-based stress reduction versus group cognitive behavioral therapy for heterogeneous anxiety disorders. Behaviour research and therapy\| PubMed ID: 23419887	2013
Tinnitus: a potential confound when assessing perceptual abnormalities in ultra-high risk youth. Schizophrenia research\| PubMed ID: 23693067	2013
Sleep dysfunction and thalamic abnormalities in adolescents at ultra high-risk for psychosis. Schizophrenia research\| PubMed ID: 24094679	2013
Striatal abnormalities and spontaneous dyskinesias in non-clinical psychosis. Schizophrenia research\| PubMed ID: 24156901	2013

Derek J. Dean

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