assessment-of-vascular-regeneration-in-the-cns-using-the-mouse-retina

Assessment of Vascular Regeneration in the CNS Using the Mouse Retina

The rodent retina is perhaps the most accessible mammalian system in which to investigate neurovascular interplay within the central nervous system (CNS). ...

McGill University

Peptic digestion of bovine hemoglobin at low degree of hydrolysis yields several intermediate peptide fractions after separation by reversed phase HPLC exhibiting antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus A270, Listeria innocua, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enteritidis. From these fractions, four new antibacterial peptides were isolated and analyzed by ESI-MS/MS. Three of these peptides correspond to fragments of the alpha-chain of bovine hemoglobin: alpha107-141, alpha137-141, and alpha133-141, and one peptide to the beta-chain: beta126-145. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of these peptides towards the four strains and their hemolytic activity towards bovine erythrocytes were determined.

Isolation and characterization of four antibacterial peptides from bovine hemoglobin.

The absence of light protection of neonatal total parenteral nutrition (PN) contributes to the generation of 4-hydroxynonenal and peroxides. 4-Hydroxynonenal is suspected to be involved in PN-related liver complications. Aims: To find a practical modality to reduce 4-hydroxynonenal in PN and assess in vivo the impact of PN containing low 4-hydroxynonenal concentration.

The mode of administration of total parenteral nutrition and nature of lipid content influence the generation of peroxides and aldehydes.

In preterm neonates, peroxides contaminating total parenteral nutrition (TPN) contribute to oxidative stress, which is suspected to be a strong inducer of hepatic complications related to prematurity. Recently, others reported that hexapeptides derived from human milk (HM) exerted free radical-scavenging activities in vitro. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the capacity of these hexapeptides to limit the generation of peroxides in TPN and to prevent TPN-induced hepatic oxidative stress.

Hexapeptides from human milk prevent the induction of oxidative stress from parenteral nutrition in the newborn guinea pig.

The deterioration of the inner blood-retinal barrier and consequent macular edema is a cardinal manifestation of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the clinical feature most closely associated with loss of sight. We provide evidence from both human and animal studies for the critical role of the classical neuronal guidance cue, semaphorin 3A, in instigating pathological vascular permeability in diabetic retinas via its cognate receptor neuropilin-1. We reveal that semaphorin 3A is induced in early hyperglycemic phases of diabetes within the neuronal retina and precipitates initial breakdown of endothelial barrier function. We demonstrate, by a series of orthogonal approaches, that neutralization of semaphorin 3A efficiently prevents diabetes-induced retinal vascular leakage in a stage of the disease when vascular endothelial growth factor neutralization is inefficient. These observations were corroborated in Tg(Cre-Esr1)/Nrp1(flox/flox) conditional knockout mice. Our findings identify a therapeutic target for macular edema and provide further evidence for neurovascular crosstalk in the pathogenesis of DR.

Neuron-derived semaphorin 3A is an early inducer of vascular permeability in diabetic retinopathy via neuropilin-1.

Perinatal inflammatory stress in preterm babies is associated with increased rates of severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and adverse neurological dysfunction. In this study, we set out to determine the consequences of severe systemic inflammatory stress on developmental retinal vascularization and evaluate the subsequent outcome on retinal function in later life.

Article	Year
Isolation and characterization of four antibacterial peptides from bovine hemoglobin. Peptides\| PubMed ID: 16730859	2006
The mode of administration of total parenteral nutrition and nature of lipid content influence the generation of peroxides and aldehydes. Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)\| PubMed ID: 22230256	2012
Hexapeptides from human milk prevent the induction of oxidative stress from parenteral nutrition in the newborn guinea pig. Pediatric research\| PubMed ID: 22337230	2012
Neuron-derived semaphorin 3A is an early inducer of vascular permeability in diabetic retinopathy via neuropilin-1. Cell metabolism\| PubMed ID: 24093675	2013
Systemic inflammation perturbs developmental retinal angiogenesis and neuroretinal function. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science\| PubMed ID: 24204040	2013

Khalil Miloudi

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