adapting-human-videofluoroscopic-swallow-study-methods-to-detect

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models

This study adapted human videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) methods for use with murine disease models for the purpose of facilitating ...

University of Missouri

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers with high-titer viremia (>10(5) virions/ml) are at increased risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between clearance of high-titer viremia and subsequent risk of HCC. The study population was a prospective cohort of 114 adults from Haimen City, China, all HBV DNA(+) at study entry and followed for 797.8 person-years in total. During follow-up, 54 (47.4%) subjects spontaneously cleared high-titer viremia at least once. Of these, 27 were considered to have undergone stable seroconversion, 16 were considered unstable (12 reversions to HBV DNA positivity and 4 multiple clearances), and 11 did not have sufficient follow-up to determine stability. Of the 114 persons, 26 (22.8%) died during follow-up, 21 (18.4%) from HCC. Using Cox proportional hazards models, the RR of HCC death associated with seroconversion was 2.8 (95% CI = 1.1-7.4), controlling for age, sex, family HCC history, history of acute hepatitis, alcohol use and cigarette smoking. In conclusion, fluctuations of high-titer viremia may indicate increased hepatocellular damage and at least short-term increases in HCC risk. Long-term longitudinal studies are needed to clarify this relationship and its potential usefulness as a prognostic marker in chronic HBV infection.

Spontaneous clearance of high-titer serum HBV DNA and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese population.

The outcome of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been associated with antiviral CD4 T cell response, human leukocyte antigens (HLA) class II genotypes, and ethnicity. However, HLA class II molecules restrict the nature of CD4 T cell response, and HLA distributions differ between ethnic groups. In this study, we asked whether HLA class II genotypes associated with HCV clearance are shared between Caucasian and African Americans and whether they contribute to enhanced antiviral CD4 T cell response. In a cohort of 93 HCV-seropositive subjects from Northeast America with defined ethnicity, virological outcome, and HCV-specific CD4 T cell proliferation, we confirm the previously reported associations between HCV clearance and two HLA types (DQB1*03, DRB1*11) while identifying a new association with DRB3*02. Strikingly, these associations were identified only among Caucasian [DQB1*03: odds ratio (OR), 10.4; P = 0.031, DRB1*11: OR, 7.0, P = 0.019; DRB3*02: OR, 8.3, P = 0.005; DQB1*03-DRB3*02: OR, 13.5, P = 0.001) but not among African American patients. Furthermore, although HLA DQB1*03, DRB1*11, and DRB3*02 genotypes were associated with increased HCV-specific CD4 T cell response in univariate analyses, these associations were lost when controlling for virological outcomes.

Human leukocyte antigen class II associations with hepatitis C virus clearance and virus-specific CD4 T cell response among Caucasians and African Americans.

State licensure and professional monopolies in medicine.

The hypothesis that lonely children show hypervigilance for social threat was examined in a series of three studies that employed different methods including advanced eye-tracking technology. Hypervigilance for social threat was operationalized as hostility to ambiguously motivated social exclusion in a variation of the hostile attribution paradigm (Study 1), scores on the Children's Rejection-Sensitivity Questionnaire (Study 2), and visual attention to socially rejecting stimuli (Study 3). The participants were 185 children (11 years-7 months to 12 years-6 months), 248 children (9 years-4 months to 11 years-8 months) and 140 children (8 years-10 months to 12 years-10 months) in the three studies, respectively. Regression analyses showed that, with depressive symptoms covaried, there were quadratic relations between loneliness and these different measures of hypervigilance to social threat. As hypothesized, only children in the upper range of loneliness demonstrated elevated hostility to ambiguously motivated social exclusion, higher scores on the rejection sensitivity questionnaire, and disengagement difficulties when viewing socially rejecting stimuli. We found that very lonely children are hypersensitive to social threat.

Investigating hypervigilance for social threat of lonely children.

&#x76EE;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x7814;&#x7A76;&#x662F;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x5BA1;&#x67E5;&#x957F;&#x671F;&#x7684;&#x5B64;&#x72EC;&#x4E0E;&#x611F;&#x77E5;&#x7684;&#x5065;&#x5EB7;&#xFF0C;&#x5B66;&#x6821;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x56E0;&#x751F;&#x75C5;&#x3001; &#x7761;&#x7720;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x548C;&#x5E72;&#x6270;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x5904;&#x4E8E;&#x9752;&#x6625;&#x671F;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x6837;&#x672C;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x5173;&#x8054; &#xFF08;N = 209)&#x3002;&#x5BC2;&#x5BDE;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x4E09;&#x4E2A;&#x96C6;&#x5408;&#x6CE2;&#xFF0C;18 &#x4E2A;&#x6708;&#x9664;&#x4E86;&#x6DB5;&#x76D6; 8-11 &#x5C81;&#x5E74;&#x9F84;&#x6765;&#x8861;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x589E;&#x957F;&#x6DF7;&#x5408;&#x5EFA;&#x6A21;&#xFF0C;&#x4E24;&#x7EC4;&#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x4E86;&#x4E0E;&#x5BC2;&#x5BDE;&#x7684;&#x79BB;&#x6563;&#x7684;&#x589E;&#x957F;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#xFF1A; (a) &#x76F8;&#x5BF9;&#x8F83;&#x9AD8;&#xFF0C;&#x51CF;&#x5C11;&#x5B64;&#x72EC; (48%) &#x548C; (b) &#x4F4E;&#xFF0C;&#x7A33;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x5B64;&#x72EC; (52%)&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x5E74;&#x9F84; 11 &#x5C81;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E9B;&#x5728;&#x76F8;&#x5BF9;&#x8F83;&#x9AD8;&#xFF0C;&#x51CF;&#x5C11;&#x5B64;&#x72EC;&#x7EC4;&#x62A5;&#x544A;&#xFF0C;&#x66F4;&#x9AD8;&#x6C34;&#x5E73;&#x7684;&#x6291;&#x90C1;&#x75C7;&#x72B6;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x5065;&#x5EB7;&#x72B6;&#x51B5;&#x5DEE;&#xFF0C;&#x82B1;&#x4E86;&#x8F83;&#x957F;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x624D;&#x80FD;&#x5165;&#x7761;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E14;&#x6BD4;&#x513F;&#x7AE5;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x7684;&#x7761;&#x7720;&#x969C;&#x788D;&#x4F4E;&#x3001; &#x7A33;&#x5B9A;&#x5B64;&#x72EC;&#x7EC4;&#x4E2D;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x7814;&#x7A76;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x8868;&#x660E;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5728;&#x4E2D;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x7AE5;&#x5E74;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x4F7F;&#x5BC2;&#x5BDE;&#x6C34;&#x5E73;&#x964D;&#x4F4E;&#x81F3;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x6C34;&#x5E73;&#x5728;&#x9752;&#x6625;&#x671F;&#x524D;&#x671F;&#x5B66;&#x751F;&#x9047;&#x5230;&#x9AD8;&#x5B64;&#x72EC;&#x7684;&#x957F;&#x671F;&#x5065;&#x5EB7;&#x5F71;&#x54CD;&#x3002;

&#x5230;&#x9752;&#x6625;&#x671F;&#x524D;&#x671F;&#x5B66;&#x751F;&#x4ECE;&#x4E2D;&#x95F4;&#x7AE5;&#x5E74;&#x5B64;&#x72EC;&#x8F68;&#x8FF9;&#xFF1A; &#x5BF9;&#x4EBA;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x5065;&#x5EB7;&#x548C;&#x7761;&#x7720;&#x969C;&#x788D;&#x7684;&#x5F71;&#x54CD;&#x3002;

The current study is the first to examine the association between chronic loneliness and perceived health, school absence due to illness, sleep duration and disturbance, in a sample of pre-adolescents (NÂ =Â 209). Loneliness was measured in three collection waves that were 18 months apart and covered the ages 8-11 years. Using growth mixture modeling, two groups were identified with discrete growth patterns of loneliness: (a) relatively high, reducing loneliness (48%), and (b) low, stable loneliness (52%). At age 11 years, those in the relatively high, reducing lonely group reported higher levels of depressive symptoms, poorer general health, took longer to get to sleep, and had greater sleep disturbance than children in the low, stable loneliness group. These findings suggest that there may be long-term health effects of experiencing high loneliness in middle childhood, even when loneliness levels reduce to normal levels at pre-adolescence.

Loneliness trajectories from middle childhood to pre-adolescence: Impact on perceived health and sleep disturbance.

La pr&eacute;sente &eacute;tude est la premi&egrave;re &agrave; examiner le lien entre la solitude chronique et sant&eacute; per&ccedil;ue, absent&eacute;isme scolaire en raison de maladie, dur&eacute;e du sommeil et troubles, dans un &eacute;chantillon de pr&eacute;-adolescents (N = 209). Solitude a &eacute;t&eacute; mesur&eacute;e en trois vagues de la collection qui ont 18 mois d&#39;intervalle et couvert les &acirc;ges de 8 &agrave; 11 ans. En utilisant le m&eacute;lange de croissance mod&eacute;lisation, deux groupes ont &eacute;t&eacute; identifi&eacute;s avec les patrons de croissance discr&egrave;tes de la solitude : solitude (une) relativement &eacute;lev&eacute;, r&eacute;duisant (48 %) et (b) faible, stable de solitude (52 %). &Agrave; l&#39;&acirc;ge de 11 ans, ceux dans la relativement &eacute;lev&eacute;, r&eacute;duisant le groupe solitaire a signal&eacute; des niveaux plus &eacute;lev&eacute;s de sympt&ocirc;mes d&eacute;pressifs, moins bonne sant&eacute; g&eacute;n&eacute;rale, a pris plus de temps &agrave; trouver le sommeil et avaient une plus grande perturbation de sommeil que les enfants dans le groupe de solitude faible et stable. Ces r&eacute;sultats sugg&egrave;rent qu&#39;il peut y avoir des effets sur la sant&eacute; &agrave; long terme d&#39;&eacute;prouver la grande solitude au milieu de l&#39;enfance, m&ecirc;me si des niveaux de solitude se r&eacute;duisent &agrave; des niveaux normaux &agrave; la pr&eacute;-adolescence.

Trajectoires de solitude provenant du milieu de l&#39;enfance &agrave; la pr&eacute;-adolescence : Impact sur la perturbation de sommeil et de la sant&eacute; per&ccedil;ue.

Die aktuelle Studie ist die erste, die Zuordnung zwischen chronischer Einsamkeit und wahrgenommene Gesundheit, Schule Abwesenheit wegen Krankheit, Schlafdauer und St&ouml;rung, in einer Stichprobe von Kindern zu pr&uuml;fen (N = 209). Einsamkeit war in drei Sammlung Wellen gemessen, die waren 18 Monate auseinander und fallen im Alter 8-11 Jahren. Mittels Wachstum Mischung modellieren, zwei Gruppen wurden mit diskreten Wachstumsmuster der Einsamkeit identifiziert: (a) relativ hoch, die Einsamkeit (48 %) und (b) Low, Einsamkeit (52 %) stabil. Im Alter von 11 Jahren berichtete diejenigen in den relativ hohen, Verringerung der einsamen Gruppe h&ouml;here depressiven Symptomen, schlechter Allgemeinzustand, dauerte l&auml;nger zu schlafen und hatte gr&ouml;&szlig;ere Schlafst&ouml;rungen als Kinder in der niedrigen, stabilen Einsamkeit-Gruppe. Diese Forschungsergebnisse legen nahe, dass es m&ouml;glicherweise langfristigen gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen hoher Einsamkeit zu erleben, in der mittleren Kindheit, auch wenn die Einsamkeit am Vorpubert&auml;t auf ein normales Niveau zu reduzieren.

Einsamkeit Flugbahnen von der mittleren Kindheit zu Vorpubert&auml;t: Auswirkungen auf die wahrgenommene Gesundheit und Schlaf-St&ouml;rung.

L&#39;attuale studio &egrave; il primo ad esaminare l&#39;associazione tra salute percepita, assenza di scuola a causa di malattia, durata del sonno e disturbi, in un campione di preadolescenti e solitudine cronica (N = 209). Solitudine &egrave; stato misurato in tre ondate di raccolta che erano 18 mesi di distanza e coperto l&#39;et&agrave; 8-11 anni. Usando la miscela di crescita di modellazione, due gruppi sono stati identificati con modelli di crescita discreta della solitudine: (a) relativamente elevati, riducendo solitudine (48%) e (b) bassa, stabile solitudine (52%). All&#39;et&agrave; di 11 anni, quelli in relativamente elevata, riducendo il gruppo solitario segnalati livelli pi&ugrave; elevati di sintomi depressivi, godano di buona salute generale, ha preso pi&ugrave; tempo per arrivare a dormire e avevano pi&ugrave; disturbi del sonno rispetto ai bambini del gruppo stabile e bassa, solitudine. Questi risultati suggeriscono che ci possono essere effetti sulla salute a lungo termine di sperimentare l&#39;alta solitudine in mezzo d&#39;infanzia, anche quando i livelli di solitudine riducono a livelli normali in pre-adolescenza.

Traiettorie di solitudine da medio infanzia alla pre-adolescenza: impatto sulla perturbazione percepita di salute e sonno.

&#x73FE;&#x5728;&#x306E;&#x7814;&#x7A76;&#x306F;&#x6162;&#x6027;&#x7684;&#x306A;&#x5B64;&#x72EC;&#x611F;&#x3068;&#x81EA;&#x899A;&#x7684;&#x5065;&#x5EB7;&#x3001;&#x75C5;&#x6C17;&#x3001;&#x7761;&#x7720;&#x6642;&#x9593;&#x3001;&#x4E2D;&#x53E4;&#x9752;&#x5C11;&#x5E74;&#x306E;&#x305F;&#x3081;&#x306E;&#x30B5;&#x30F3;&#x30D7;&#x30EB;&#x3067;&#x306E;&#x969C;&#x5BB3;&#x306E;&#x6B20;&#x5982;&#x306F;&#x5B66;&#x6821;&#x306E;&#x95A2;&#x4FC2;&#x3092;&#x691C;&#x8A0E;&#x3059;&#x308B;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x3067;&#x3059; &#xFF08;N = 209&#xFF09;&#x3002;&#x5B64;&#x72EC;&#x306F;&#x3001;18 &#x30F6;&#x6708;&#x96E2;&#x308C;&#x3066;&#x3001;&#x5E74;&#x9F62; 8-11 &#x5E74;&#x3092;&#x30AB;&#x30D0;&#x30FC; 3 &#x3064;&#x306E;&#x30B3;&#x30EC;&#x30AF;&#x30B7;&#x30E7;&#x30F3;&#x6CE2;&#x3067;&#x6E2C;&#x5B9A;&#x3057;&#x307E;&#x3057;&#x305F;&#x3002;&#x30E2;&#x30C7;&#x30EA;&#x30F3;&#x30B0;&#x6210;&#x9577;&#x306E;&#x6DF7;&#x5408;&#x7269;&#x3092;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x3057;&#x3066;&#x3001;2 &#x3064;&#x306E;&#x30B0;&#x30EB;&#x30FC;&#x30D7;&#x306F;&#x3001;&#x5B64;&#x72EC;&#x306E;&#x4E0D;&#x9023;&#x7D9A;&#x6210;&#x9577;&#x30D1;&#x30BF;&#x30FC;&#x30F3;&#x3067;&#x8B58;&#x5225;&#x3055;&#x308C;&#x305F;: (a) &#x6BD4;&#x8F03;&#x7684;&#x9AD8;&#x3044;&#x3001;&#x524A;&#x6E1B;&#x5B64;&#x72EC; (48%) &#x3068; (b) &#x5B64;&#x72EC; &#xFF08;52 &#xFF05;&#xFF09; &#x5B89;&#x5B9A;&#x3057;&#x305F;&#x4F4E;&#x3002;&#x6B73; 11 &#x6B73;&#x306E;&#x6642;&#x3001;&#x3053;&#x308C;&#x3089;&#x306E;&#x6BD4;&#x8F03;&#x7684;&#x9AD8;&#x3044;&#x5B64;&#x72EC;&#x306A;&#x30B0;&#x30EB;&#x30FC;&#x30D7;&#x3092;&#x524A;&#x6E1B;&#x3046;&#x3064;&#x75C7;&#x72B6;&#x3001;&#x8CA7;&#x3057;&#x3044;&#x306E;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x7684;&#x306A;&#x5065;&#x5EB7;&#x306E;&#x9AD8;&#x3044;&#x30EC;&#x30D9;&#x30EB;&#x7720;&#x308B;&#x305F;&#x3081;&#x306B;&#x9577;&#x3044;&#x6642;&#x9593;&#x304C;&#x304B;&#x304B;&#x3063;&#x305F;&#x3057;&#x3001;&#x5927;&#x304D;&#x3044;&#x7761;&#x7720;&#x969C;&#x5BB3;&#x306E;&#x5B50;&#x4F9B;&#x3088;&#x308A;&#x4F4E;&#x304F;&#x3001;&#x5B89;&#x5B9A;&#x3057;&#x305F;&#x5B64;&#x72EC;&#x30B0;&#x30EB;&#x30FC;&#x30D7;&#x306B;&#x3044;&#x305F;&#x3092;&#x5831;&#x544A;&#x3057;&#x307E;&#x3057;&#x305F;&#x3002;&#x5150;&#x7AE5;&#x3001;&#x9752;&#x5E74;&#x3067;&#x306E;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x306E;&#x30EC;&#x30D9;&#x30EB;&#x306B;&#x5B64;&#x72EC;&#x306E;&#x30EC;&#x30D9;&#x30EB;&#x3092;&#x4F4E;&#x6E1B;&#x3059;&#x308B;&#x5834;&#x5408;&#x3067;&#x3082;&#x306B;&#x9AD8;&#x5B64;&#x72EC;&#x3092;&#x7D4C;&#x9A13;&#x3057;&#x3066;&#x306E;&#x9577;&#x671F;&#x7684;&#x306A;&#x5065;&#x5EB7;&#x3078;&#x306E;&#x5F71;&#x97FF;&#x304C;&#x3042;&#x308B;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x6027;&#x304C;&#x3042;&#x308A;&#x307E;&#x3059;&#x304C;&#x793A;&#x5506;&#x3055;&#x308C;&#x307E;&#x3057;&#x305F;&#x3002;

&#x9752;&#x5E74;&#x306B;&#x5150;&#x7AE5;&#x304B;&#x3089;&#x5B64;&#x72EC;&#x8ECC;&#x8DE1;: &#x77E5;&#x899A;&#x306E;&#x5065;&#x5EB7;&#x304A;&#x3088;&#x3073;&#x7761;&#x7720;&#x969C;&#x5BB3;&#x306E;&#x5F71;&#x97FF;&#x3002;

&#xD604;&#xC7AC; &#xC5F0;&#xAD6C;&#xB294; &#xB9CC;&#xC131; &#xC678;&#xB85C;&#xC6C0;&#xACFC; &#xAC74;&#xAC15; &#xC778;&#xC2DD;&#xB41C;, &#xC9C8;&#xD658;, &#xC218; &#xBA74; &#xAE30;&#xAC04;&#xACFC; &#xB354;&#xD574;&#xC57C; &#xC0D8;&#xD50C;&#xC5D0; &#xC18C;&#xB780; &#xD559;&#xAD50; &#xBD80;&#xC7AC; &#xAC04;&#xC758; &#xC5F0;&#xACB0; &#xAC80;&#xC0AC;&#xB97C; &#xBA3C;&#xC800; (N = 209). &#xC678;&#xB85C;&#xC6C0;&#xC740; 18 &#xAC1C;&#xC6D4; &#xAC04;&#xACA9;&#xC744; 8-11 &#xC138; &#xC801;&#xC6A9; &#xC138; &#xCEEC;&#xB809;&#xC158; &#xD30C;&#xB3C4;&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; &#xCE21;&#xC815; &#xD588;&#xB2E4;. &#xC131;&#xC7A5; &#xD63C;&#xD569; &#xBAA8;&#xB378;&#xB9C1;&#xC744; &#xC0AC;&#xC6A9; &#xD558; &#xC5EC; &#xB450; &#xADF8;&#xB8F9; &#xC678;&#xB85C;&#xC6C0;&#xC758; &#xAC1C;&#xBCC4; &#xC131;&#xC7A5; &#xD328;&#xD134;&#xC744; &#xBC1C;&#xACAC; &#xD588;&#xB2E4;: (a) &#xC0C1;&#xB300;&#xC801;&#xC73C;&#xB85C; &#xB192;&#xC740;, &#xC904;&#xC774;&#xB294; &#xC678;&#xB85C;&#xC6C0; (48%), &#xADF8;&#xB9AC;&#xACE0; (b) &#xC800;, &#xC548;&#xC815;&#xC801;&#xC778; &#xC678;&#xB85C;&#xC6C0; (52%). &#xB098;&#xC774; 11 &#xC138;, &#xADF8; &#xC0C1;&#xB300;&#xC801;&#xC73C;&#xB85C; &#xB192;&#xC740; &#xC678;&#xB85C;&#xC6B4; &#xADF8;&#xB8F9; &#xAC10;&#xC18C; &#xC6B0;&#xC6B8;&#xC99D; &#xC99D;&#xC0C1;, &#xAC00;&#xB09C;&#xD55C; &#xAC74;&#xAC15; &#xC2DD;&#xD488;, &#xB192;&#xC740; &#xC218;&#xC900;&#xC758; &#xC7A0;&#xC744; &#xC798; &#xC218;, &#xB354; &#xC774;&#xC0C1; &#xD588;&#xB2E4; &#xADF8;&#xB9AC;&#xACE0; &#xB0AE;&#xC740;, &#xC548;&#xC815;&#xC801;&#xC778; &#xC678;&#xB85C;&#xC6C0; &#xADF8;&#xB8F9;&#xC758; &#xC5B4;&#xB9B0;&#xC774; &#xBCF4;&#xB2E4; &#xB354; &#xD070; &#xC218; &#xBA74; &#xBC29;&#xD574; &#xD588;&#xB2E4; &#xBCF4;&#xB3C4; &#xD588;&#xB2E4;. &#xC774;&#xB7EC;&#xD55C; &#xC5F0;&#xAD6C; &#xACB0;&#xACFC; &#xAC00;&#xC6B4;&#xB370; &#xC5B4;&#xB9B0; &#xC2DC;&#xC808;, &#xC678;&#xB85C;&#xC6C0; &#xB808;&#xBCA8; pre-adolescence&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; &#xC815;&#xC0C1; &#xC218;&#xC900;&#xC73C;&#xB85C; &#xAC10;&#xC18C; &#xD558;&#xB294; &#xACBD;&#xC6B0;&#xC5D0; &#xBC1C;&#xC0DD; &#xD558;&#xB294; &#xB192;&#xC740; &#xC678;&#xB85C;&#xC6C0;&#xC758; &#xC7A5;&#xAE30; &#xAC74;&#xAC15; &#xD6A8;&#xACFC;&#xAC00; &#xC788;&#xC744; &#xC218; &#xC788;&#xC2B5;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4; &#xAC83;&#xC774; &#xC88B;&#xC2B5;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.

&#xC911;&#xAC04; &#xC720;&#xB144;&#xAE30;&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; pre-adolescence&#xC758; &#xC678;&#xB85C;&#xC6C0; &#xADA4;&#xC801;: &#xC778;&#xC2DD;&#xB41C; &#xAC74;&#xAC15; &#xBC0F; &#xC218; &#xBA74; &#xC7A5;&#xC560;&#xC5D0; &#xBBF8;&#xCE58;&#xB294; &#xC601;&#xD5A5;.

El presente estudio es el primero en examinar la asociaci&oacute;n entre Soledad cr&oacute;nica y salud percibida, ausencia de la escuela debido a enfermedad, la duraci&oacute;n del sue&ntilde;o y el disturbio, en una muestra de preadolescentes (N = 209). Soledad se midi&oacute; en tres olas de colecci&oacute;n que fueron 18 meses y cubrieron las edades 8-11 a&ntilde;os. Con mezcla de crecimiento modelado, dos grupos fueron identificados con los patrones de crecimiento discreto de soledad: Soledad (a) relativamente alta, reduciendo (48%) y (b) baja, estable Soledad (52%). En 11 a&ntilde;os de edad, &eacute;sos en la relativamente alta, reduciendo el grupo solo reportaron mayores niveles de s&iacute;ntomas depresivos, pobre estado general de salud, tomaron m&aacute;s tiempo para conciliar el sue&ntilde;o y ten&iacute;an una mayor alteraci&oacute;n del sue&ntilde;o que los ni&ntilde;os en el grupo de Soledad baja y estable. Estos resultados sugieren que puede haber efectos de salud a largo plazo de experimentar Soledad alta en la infancia media, incluso cuando los niveles de Soledad reducen a niveles normales en la pre-adolescencia.

Trayectorias de Soledad desde la infancia media a pre-adolescencia: impacto en disturbio de sue&ntilde;o y salud percibido.

One hundred and forty-nine 8-11 year-old children (86 males; M = 9 years - 4 months and SD = 7 months) from the UK were administered the Trust Beliefs in Peers scale and were observed in the playground over one school year. Quadratic relations were found between trust beliefs in peers and peer interaction, which varied by gender. Compared to girls with the middle range of trust beliefs, girls with very low beliefs and those with very high beliefs (a) were less accepted/more rejected by the peer group (i.e., lower group interaction, and greater negatively received bids), (b) showed greater indirect aggression (engaged in and received), (c) showed greater non-engagement (i.e., being alone), and (d) showed greater concomitant distress. Compared to children with the middle range of trust beliefs, children with those extreme trust beliefs in peers demonstrated greater direct aggression (engaged in and received) and showed passive behavior (for boys only). The findings supported the conclusion that children, primarily girls, who trust peers too little and those who trust too much are at risk for psychosocial maladjustment.

Article	Year
Spontaneous clearance of high-titer serum HBV DNA and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese population. Cancer causes & control : CCC\| PubMed ID: 14750539	2003
Human leukocyte antigen class II associations with hepatitis C virus clearance and virus-specific CD4 T cell response among Caucasians and African Americans. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)\| PubMed ID: 18537178	2008
State licensure and professional monopolies in medicine. JAMA\| PubMed ID: 19567437	2009
Investigating hypervigilance for social threat of lonely children. Journal of abnormal child psychology\| PubMed ID: 22956297	2013
Loneliness trajectories from middle childhood to pre-adolescence: Impact on perceived health and sleep disturbance. Journal of adolescence\| PubMed ID: 23403089	2013
When trust fails: the relation between children's trust beliefs in peers and their peer interactions in a natural setting. Journal of abnormal child psychology\| PubMed ID: 24469229	2014

Rebecca A. Harris

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