single-cell-quantitation-mrna-surface-protein-expression-simian

Single-cell Quantitation of mRNA and Surface Protein Expression in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-infected CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells Isolated from Rhesus macaques

Single-cell analysis is an important tool for dissecting heterogeneous populations of cells. The identification and isolation of rare cells can be ...

Walter Reed Army Institute of Research

OMIP-027: Functional analysis of human natural killer cells.

Natural killer (NK) cells limit viral replication by direct recognition of infected cells, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and releasing cytokines. Although growing evidence supports NK cell antiviral immunity in HIV-1 infection, further knowledge of their response is necessary. Here we show that NK cells responding to models of direct cell recognition, ADCC, and cytokine activation have unique transcriptional fingerprints. Compared with healthy volunteers, individuals with chronic HIV-1 infection have higher expression of genes commonly associated with activation, and lower expression of genes associated with direct cell recognition and cytokine stimulation in their NK cells. By contrast, NK cell transcriptional profiles of individuals receiving a modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vectored HIV-1 vaccine show upregulation of genes associated with direct cell recognition. These findings demonstrate that targeted transcriptional profiling provides a sensitive assessment of NK cell activity, which helps understand how NK cells respond to viral infections and vaccination.

Transcriptomic signatures of NK cells suggest impaired responsiveness in HIV-1 infection and increased activity post-vaccination.

In high-income countries, inflammation has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected individuals despite treatment with antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, these findings may not be generalizable to low-income settings.

Article	Year
OMIP-027: Functional analysis of human natural killer cells. Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology\| PubMed ID: 26189970	2015
Transcriptomic signatures of NK cells suggest impaired responsiveness in HIV-1 infection and increased activity post-vaccination. Nature communications\| PubMed ID: 29572470	2018
Biomarkers of Inflammation Correlate with Clinical Scoring Indices in HIV-Infected Kenyans. The Journal of infectious diseases\| PubMed ID: 30165548	2018

Matthew Creegan

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