proofreading-dna-repair-assay-using-single-nucleotide-extension-maldi

Proofreading and DNA Repair Assay Using Single Nucleotide Extension and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis

The maintenance of the genome and its faithful replication is paramount for conserving genetic information. To assess high fidelity replication, we have ...

National Taiwan University

Deamination of adenine can occur spontaneously under physiological conditions to generate the highly mutagenic lesion, deoxyinosine (hypoxanthine deoxyribonucleotide, dI). In DNA, dI preferably pairs with cytosine rather than thymine and results in A:T to G:C transition mutations after DNA replication. The deamination of adenine is enhanced by ROS from exposure of DNA to ionizing radiation, UV light, nitrous acid, or heat. In Escherichia coli, dI repair is initiated by endonuclease V (endo V; nfi gene product) nicking but a complete repair mechanism has yet to be elucidated. Using in vitro minimum component reconstitution assays, we previously showed that endo V, DNA polymerase I (pol I), and E. coli DNA ligase were sufficient to repair this dI lesions efficiently and that the 3'-5' exonuclease of pol I is essential. Here we employed a phagemid-based T-I substrate mimicking adenine deamination product to demonstrate pol I proofreading exonuclease is required by the endo V repair pathway both in vitro and in vivo. In vivo we found that the repair level of an nfi mutant (11%) was almost 8-fold lower than the wild type (87%). while the polA- strain, a pol I mutant defective in 3'-5' exonuclease, showed a high repair level similar to wild type (both more than 80%). Using additional C-C mismatch as strand discrimination marker we found that the high level of dI removal in polA- was due to strand loss (more than 60%) associated with incomplete repair. Thus, pol I proofreading exonuclease is the major function responsible for dI lesion removal after endoV nicking both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, using MALDI-TOF to analyze single-nucleotide extension product we show that the pol I proofreading exonuclease excises only 2-nt 5' upstream of endo V incision site further honing the role of pol I in the endoV dI dependent repair pathway.

Rong-Syuan Yen

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