stereotactic-adoptive-transfer-cytotoxic-immune-cells-murine-models

Stereotactic Adoptive Transfer of Cytotoxic Immune Cells in Murine Models of Orthotopic Human Glioblastoma Multiforme Xenografts

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most frequent and aggressive primary brain cancer in adults, is generally associated with a poor prognosis, and scarce ...

CRCINA

LabEx IGO

 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant form of primary human brain tumor in adults, with an average survival at diagnosis of 18 months. Metabolism is a new attractive therapeutic target in cancer; however, little is known about metabolic heterogeneity and plasticity within GBM tumors. We therefore aimed to investigate metabolic phenotyping of primary cultures in the context of molecular tumor heterogeneity to provide a proof of concept for personalized metabolic targeting of GBM. We have analyzed extensively several primary GBM cultures using transcriptomics, metabolic phenotyping assays, and mitochondrial respirometry. We found that metabolic phenotyping clearly identifies 2 clusters, GLN and GLN, mainly based on metabolic plasticity and glutamine (GLN) utilization. Inhibition of glutamine metabolism slows the  and  growth of GLN GBM cultures despite metabolic adaptation to nutrient availability, in particular by increasing pyruvate shuttling into mitochondria. Furthermore, phenotypic and molecular analyses show that highly proliferative GLN cultures are CD133 and display a mesenchymal signature in contrast to CD133 GLN GBM cells. Our results show that metabolic phenotyping identified an essential metabolic pathway in a GBM cell subtype, and provide a proof of concept for theranostic metabolic targeting. .

Efficient Mitochondrial Glutamine Targeting Prevails Over Glioblastoma Metabolic Plasticity.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains the most frequent and deadliest primary brain tumor in adults despite aggressive treatments, because of the persistence of infiltrative and resistant tumor cells. Nonalloreactive human Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes, the major peripheral γδ T-cell subset in adults, represent attractive effectors for designing immunotherapeutic strategies to track and eliminate brain tumor cells, with limited side effects. We analyzed the effects of ex vivo sensitizations of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells by IL-21, a modulating cytokine, on their cytolytic reactivity. We first showed that primary human GBM-1 cells were naturally eliminated by allogeneic Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes, through a perforin/granzyme-mediated cytotoxicity. IL-21 increased both intracellular granzyme B levels and cytotoxicity of allogeneic human Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes in vitro. Importantly, IL-21-enhanced cytotoxicity was rapid, which supports the development of sensitization(s) of γδ T lymphocytes before adoptive transfer, a process that avoids any deleterious effect associated with direct administrations of IL-21. Finally, we showed, for the first time, that IL-21-sensitized allogeneic Vγ9Vδ2 T cells significantly eliminated GBM tumor cells that developed in the brain after orthotopic administrations in vivo. Altogether our observations pave the way for novel efficient stereotaxic immunotherapies in GBM patients by using IL-21-sensitized allogeneic human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells.

Article	Year
Efficient Mitochondrial Glutamine Targeting Prevails Over Glioblastoma Metabolic Plasticity. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research\| PubMed ID: 28720668	2017
IL-21 Increases the Reactivity of Allogeneic Human Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells Against Primary Glioblastoma Tumors. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997)\| PubMed ID: 29683891	2018

Cynthia Chauvin

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