a-metadata-extraction-approach-for-clinical-case-reports-to-enable

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts

Clinical case reports (CCRs) are a valuable means of sharing observations and insights in medicine. The form of these documents varies, and their content ...

Zhejiang University School of Medicine

Cancer cells invade by secreting enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix and these are sequestered in lysosomal vesicles. In this study, the effects of the selective lysosome lysing drug GPN and the lysosome exocytosis inhibitor vacuolin-1 on lysosome exocytosis were studied to determine their effect on glioma cell migration and invasion. Both GPN and vacuolin-1 evidently inhibited migration and invasion in transwell experiments and scratch experiments. There are more lysosomes located on the cell membrane of glioma cells than of astrocytes. GPN decreased the lysosome number on the cell membrane. We found that rab27A was expressed in glioma cells, and colocalized with cathepsin D in lysosome. RNAi-Rab27A inhibited lysosome cathepsin D exocytosis and glioma cell invasion in an in vitro assay. Inhibition of cathepsin D inhibited glioma cell migration. The data suggest that the inhibition of lysosome exocytosis from glioma cells plays an important modulatory role in their migration and invasion.

Inhibition of glioma cell lysosome exocytosis inhibits glioma invasion.

Acute ascent to high altitudes beyond 2400 m (300 feet) can cause acute mountain sickness (AMS) and may develop into life-threatening complications such as high altitude cerebral (HACE) and pulmonary edema (HAPE). We report a case of acute kidney injury (AKI) without other organ involvement in a previously healthy young man after sudden high altitude exposure of up to 5200 m. Acute systemic hypoxia as well as prolonged renal hypoperfusion may be responsible for his kidney injury.

Acute kidney injury at high altitude.

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) has a critical role in the development of atherosclerosis. The participation of oxLDL‑stimulated macrophages has been well‑established in atherosclerosis, however the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Macrophage‑derived exosomes are actively released and are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. However, the function of exosomes secreted by oxLDL‑stimulated macrophages in atherosclerosis remains unknown. Exosomes from oxLDL‑treated macrophages and controls were co‑cultured with endothelial cells and the exosomes were taken up by endocytosis. Cell Counting Kit‑8 and tube formation assay results revealed that exosomes derived from oxLDL‑stimulated macrophages reduced the growth and tube formation ability of endothelial cells. Suppression of exosomal secretion by oxLDL‑stimulated macrophages rescued the growth and tube formation ability of endothelial cells. Therefore, the results of the present study indicate that oxLDL‑stimulated macrophages may attenuate the growth and tube formation of endothelial cells, at least in part through exosomal transfer. This may provide novel targets for the development of atherosclerosis therapeutics.

Article	Year
Inhibition of glioma cell lysosome exocytosis inhibits glioma invasion. PloS one\| PubMed ID: 23029308	2012
Acute kidney injury at high altitude. High altitude medicine & biology\| PubMed ID: 23795741	2013
Exosomes derived from oxidized LDL-stimulated macrophages attenuate the growth and tube formation of endothelial cells. Molecular medicine reports\| PubMed ID: 29328492	2018

Yijiang Zhou

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