morphology-based-distinction-between-healthy-pathological-cells

Morphology-Based Distinction Between Healthy and Pathological Cells Utilizing Fourier Transforms and Self-Organizing Maps

The appearance and the movements of immune cells are driven by their environment. As a reaction to a pathogen invasion, the immune cells are recruited to ...

Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a common disease leading to significant neurological disability. We compared patients suffering from a single- and a multi-level pathology to analyze the influence of the natural course of the disease on the long-term outcome after surgery.

Single- and multi-level anterior decompression and fusion for cervical spondylotic myelopathy--a long term follow-up with a minimum of 5 years.

To generate high-resolution maps of the viscoelastic properties of human brain parenchyma for presurgical quantitative assessment in glioblastoma (GB).

High-resolution mechanical imaging of glioblastoma by multifrequency magnetic resonance elastography.

A retrospective study with retrospective and prospective inclusion of 100 patients.

The Sagittal Balance Does not Influence the 1 Year Clinical Outcome of Patients With Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Without Obvious Instability After Microsurgical Decompression.

The management of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), primary intracerebral hemorrhage (pICH) and primary subarachnoid hemorrhage (pSAH) remains a highly demanding challenge in critical care medicine. Antithrombotic agents are one of the most relevant risk factors for poor outcome. However, in the acute setting of brain injury, information on preexisting medication might not be available. This group of patients is insufficiently characterized regarding pharmacologically induced platelet impairment.

High prevalence of pharmacologically induced platelet dysfunction in the acute setting of brain injury.

Microglial cells are critical for glioma growth and progression. However, only little is known about intratumoral microglial behavior and the dynamic interaction with the tumor. Currently the scarce understanding of microglial appearance in malignant gliomas merely originates from histological studies and in vitro investigations. In order to understand the pattern of microglia activity, motility and migration we designed an intravital study in an orthotopic murine glioma model using CX3CR1-eGFP(GFP/wt) mice. We analysed the dynamics of intratumoral microglia accumulation and activity, as well as microglia/tumor blood vessel interaction by epi-illumination and 2-photon laser scanning microscopy. We further investigated cellular and tissue function, including the enzyme activity of intratumoral and microglial NADPH oxidase measured by in vivo fluorescence lifetime imaging. We identified three morphological phenotypes of tumor-associated microglia cells with entirely different motility patterns. We found that NADPH oxidase activation is highly divergent in these microglia subtypes leading to different production levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We observed that microglia motility is highest within the perivascular niche, suggesting relevance of microglia/tumor blood vessel interactions. In line, reduction of tumor blood vessels by antivascular therapy confirmed the relevance of the tumor vessel compartment on microglia biology in brain tumors. In summary, we provide new insights into in vivo microglial behavior, regarding both morphology and function, in malignant gliomas. GLIA 2016;64:1210-1226.

Time lapse in vivo microscopy reveals distinct dynamics of microglia-tumor environment interactions-a new role for the tumor perivascular space as highway for trafficking microglia.

OBJECTIVE Microsurgical decompression (MD) in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) shows good clinical results. Nevertheless, 30%-40% of patients do not have a significant benefit after surgery-probably due to different anatomical preconditions. The sagittal profile types (SPTs 1-4) defined by Roussouly based on different spinopelvic parameters have been shown to influence spinal degeneration and surgical results. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the SPT on the clinical outcome in patients with LSS who were treated with MD. METHODS The authors retrospectively investigated 100 patients with LSS who received MD. The patients were subdivided into 4 groups depending on their SPT, which was determined from preoperative lateral spinal radiographs. The authors analyzed pre- and postoperative outcome scales, including the visual analog scale (VAS), walking distance, Oswestry Disability Index, Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, Odom's criteria, and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey score. RESULTS Patients with SPT 1 showed a significantly worse clinical outcome concerning their postoperative back pain (VAS = 5.4 ± 2.8; VAS = 2.6 ± 1.9; VAS = 2.9 ± 2.6; VAS = 1.5 ± 2.5) and back pain-related disability. Only 43% were satisfied with their surgical results, compared with 70%-80% in the other groups. CONCLUSIONS A small pelvic incidence with reduced compensation mechanisms, a distinct lordosis in the lower lumbar spine with a high load on dorsal structures, and a long thoracolumbar kyphosis with a high axial load might lead to worse back pain after MD. Therefore, the indication for MD should be provided carefully, fusion can be considered, and other possible reasons for back pain should be thoroughly evaluated and treated.

The sagittal spinal profile type: a principal precondition for surgical decision making in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis.

Cells in their natural environment often exhibit complex kinetic behavior and radical adjustments of their shapes. This enables them to accommodate to short- and long-term changes in their surroundings under physiological and pathological conditions. Intravital multi-photon microscopy is a powerful tool to record this complex behavior. Traditionally, cell behavior is characterized by tracking the cells' movements, which yields numerous parameters describing the spatiotemporal characteristics of cells. Cells can be classified according to their tracking behavior using all or a subset of these kinetic parameters. This categorization can be supported by the a priori knowledge of experts. While such an approach provides an excellent starting point for analyzing complex intravital imaging data, faster methods are required for automated and unbiased characterization. In addition to their kinetic behavior, the 3D shape of these cells also provide essential clues about the cells' status and functionality. New approaches that include the study of cell shapes as well may also allow the discovery of correlations amongst the track- and shape-describing parameters. In the current study, we examine the applicability of a set of Fourier components produced by Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) as a tool for more efficient and less biased classification of complex cell shapes. By carrying out a number of 3D-to-2D projections of surface-rendered cells, the applied method reduces the more complex 3D shape characterization to a series of 2D DFTs. The resulting shape factors are used to train a Self-Organizing Map (SOM), which provides an unbiased estimate for the best clustering of the data, thereby characterizing groups of cells according to their shape. We propose and demonstrate that such shape characterization is a powerful addition to, or a replacement for kinetic analysis. This would make it especially useful in situations where live kinetic imaging is less practical or not possible at all. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.

Cell shape characterization and classification with discrete Fourier transforms and self-organizing maps.

In contrast to a one-level cervical corpectomy, a multilevel corpectomy without posterior fusion is accompanied by a high material failure rate. So far, the adequate surgical technique for patients, who receive a two-level corpectomy, remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term clinical outcome of patients with cervical myelopathy, who underwent a two-level corpectomy. Outcome parameters of 21 patients, who received a two-level cervical corpectomy, were retrospectively analyzed concerning reoperations and outcome scores (VAS, Neck Disability Index (NDI), Nurick scale, modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association score (mJOAS), Short Form 36-item Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36)). The failure rate was determined using postoperative radiographs. The choice over the surgical procedures was exercised by every surgeon individually. Therefore, a distinction between two groups was possible: (1) anterior group (ANT group) with a two-level corpectomy and a cervical plate, (2) anterior/posterior group (A/P group) with two-level corpectomy, cervical plate, and additional posterior fusion. Both groups benefitted from surgery concerning pain, disability, and myelopathy. While all patients of the A/P group showed no postoperative instability, one third of the patients of the ANT group exhibited instability and clinical deterioration. Thus, a revision surgery with secondary posterior fusion was needed. Furthermore, the ANT group had worse myelopathy scores (mJOAS = 13.5 ± 2.5, mJOAS = 15.7 ± 2.2). Patients with myelopathy, who receive a two-level cervical corpectomy, benefitted from surgical decompression. However, patients with a sole anterior approach demonstrated a very high rate of instability (33%) and clinical deterioration in a long-term follow-up. Therefore, we recommend to routinely perform an additional posterior fusion after two-level cervical corpectomy.

Two-level cervical corpectomy-long-term follow-up reveals the high rate of material failure in patients, who received an anterior approach only.

The radiofrequency treatment (RFD) for sacroiliac joint pain (SIP) is well-established, but there is still scarce evidence on its clinical outcome. The classical monopolar RFD is limited by a high recurrence rate. This might be caused by an incomplete denervation of the dorsal rami. The Simplicity III probe was invented to optimise pain fibre recruitment by its multi-electrode design. However, the clinical superiority of this procedure was never proven. The aim of this study was to illustrate the effectiveness of RFD and to compare both denervation techniques. One hundred twenty-one patients were included, and their clinical course was analysed. Fifty-seven patients received conventional treatment with multiple percutaneous monopolar RFDs (monolesion probe group, MoLG) and 64 patients with the Simplicity III probe (multilesion probe group, MuLG). All patients were followed 1, 3, 6 and 12 s after RFD. Clinical outcome scores were analysed (numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Odom's criteria, Short Form 36 score). The MuLG showed a clearly advanced improvement concerning the clinically relevant pain relief (≥ 50%) (1 month/3 months /6 months/12 months = 72%, 55%, 36%, 27% vs. 1 month/3 months/6 months/12 months = 39%, 28%, 16%, 11%) as well as an advanced improvement of pain-associated disability and a higher satisfaction rating compared to the MoLG (NPRS_ = 8,3; NPRS_ = 5.8; NPRS = 7,7; NPRS = 5.8; ODI = 52; ODI = 42; ODI = 52; ODI = 47; ODOMS = 54%; ODOMS = 28%). RFD of the SIP with the Simplicity III probe is effective and delivers a distinct pain reduction even after 1 year of treatment. This technique shows clear advantages compared to the conventional monolesion technique and is a useful treatment for patients with recurrent SIP.

Radiofrequency denervation for treatment of sacroiliac joint pain-comparison of two different ablation techniques.

Antimicrobial treatment of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt infections is challenging when the causative pathogen is unknown.

Sonication Improves Pathogen Detection in Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt-Associated Infections.

The lumbar epidural lipomatosis (LEL) is a rare disease that can cause sciatic pain syndrome or neurological deficits comparable to symptoms caused by a classical spinal canal stenosis. In severe cases surgical decompression was conducted. However, the outcome after decompressive surgery has only been investigated in small case series. In this study we compared the outcome of LEL patients after microsurgery with the outcome of patients with classical spinal stenosis (CSS).

Article	Year
Single- and multi-level anterior decompression and fusion for cervical spondylotic myelopathy--a long term follow-up with a minimum of 5 years. Clinical neurology and neurosurgery\| PubMed ID: 23790469	2013
High-resolution mechanical imaging of glioblastoma by multifrequency magnetic resonance elastography. PloS one\| PubMed ID: 25338072	2014
The Sagittal Balance Does not Influence the 1 Year Clinical Outcome of Patients With Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Without Obvious Instability After Microsurgical Decompression. Spine\| PubMed ID: 25893354	2015
High prevalence of pharmacologically induced platelet dysfunction in the acute setting of brain injury. Acta neurochirurgica\| PubMed ID: 26611691	2016
Time lapse in vivo microscopy reveals distinct dynamics of microglia-tumor environment interactions-a new role for the tumor perivascular space as highway for trafficking microglia. Glia\| PubMed ID: 27143298	2016
The sagittal spinal profile type: a principal precondition for surgical decision making in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine\| PubMed ID: 28862573	2017
Cell shape characterization and classification with discrete Fourier transforms and self-organizing maps. Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology\| PubMed ID: 29077263	2018
Two-level cervical corpectomy-long-term follow-up reveals the high rate of material failure in patients, who received an anterior approach only. Neurosurgical review\| PubMed ID: 29916066	2018
Radiofrequency denervation for treatment of sacroiliac joint pain-comparison of two different ablation techniques. Neurosurgical review\| PubMed ID: 30066034	2018
Sonication Improves Pathogen Detection in Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt-Associated Infections. Neurosurgery\| PubMed ID: 30137609	2018
Treatment results for lumbar epidural lipomatosis: Does fat matter? European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society\| PubMed ID: 30276467	2018

Simon Bayerl

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