synergizing-antegrade-endoscopic-with-bridging-vein-harvesting-for

Synergizing Antegrade Endoscopic with Bridging Vein Harvesting for Improvement of Great Saphenous Vein Graft Quality from the Lower Leg

Antegrade endoscopic harvesting of autografts for bypass grafting may be an optimal strategy addressing excellent graft quality and reduced post-operative ...

University of Rostock

university of the free state

BACKGROUND The aims of this study were to compare the morphological, biochemical, and functional properties of reprogrammed bone marrow stem cell (BMSC)-derived arterial endothelial cells (AECs) and venous endothelial cells (VECs), following adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-stimulation in a mini pig animal model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Bone marrow aspiration was performed in six adult mini pigs. Harvested mononuclear cells were isolated, cultured, and treated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (16 µg/ml). Transformed cells were characterized using immunofluorescence staining for CD31 and von Willebrandt factor (vWF) and expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Cell release of nitric oxide (cNO) was measured using spectrophotometry. Matrigel assays were used to investigate angiogenesis in transformed BMSCs. RESULTS Reprogrammed BMSCs in culture showed a typical cobblestone-like pattern of growth. Immunofluorescence staining was positive for CD31 and vWF expression. Expression of eNOS, using immunofluorescence staining and Western blot, showed no difference between the reprogrammed BMSCs and VECs. Spectrophotometric examination following stimulation with 10mmol/l ATP, showed comparable cNO release for reprogrammed BMSCs (10.87±1.76 pmol/106 cells/min) and VECs (13.23±2.16 pmol/10^6 cells/min), but reduced cNO release for AECS (3.44±0.75 pmol/10^6 cells/min). Matrigel assay for angiogenesis showed vascular tube formation of differentiated BMSC endothelial cells (grade 3.25). BMSCs cultured without VEGF did not demonstrate vascular tube formation. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study showed that eNOS expression and release of NO could be used to show that BMSCs can be reprogrammed to functional VECs and AECs.

Reprogramming Bone Marrow Stem Cells to Functional Endothelial Cells in a Mini Pig Animal Model.

Life-threatening heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is treated with the alternative nonheparin anticoagulants argatroban, lepirudin, or danaparoid. Frequently, the pentasaccharide fondaparinux is used off-label.

Use of Fondaparinux Off-Label or Approved Anticoagulants for Management of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia.

Invited Commentary.

Cryopreserved pulmonary homograft (CPH) implantation remains the gold standard for reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). Harvesting homografts < 24-h post mortem is the international norm, thereby largely excluding cadaveric donors. This study examines the structural integrity and stability of ovine pulmonary homografts harvested after a 48-h post mortem period, cryopreserved and then implanted for up to 180 days. Fifteen ovine pulmonary homografts were harvested 48-h post mortem and cryopreserved. Five CPH served as a control group (group 1; n = 5). CPH were implanted in the RVOT of juvenile sheep and explanted after 14 days (group 2; n = 5) and 180 days (group 3; n = 5). Leaflet integrity was evaluated by strength analysis, using tensile strength (TS), Young's modulus (YM) and thermal denaturation temperature (T), and morphology, including haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Picrosirius red staining, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and von Kossa stains. Echocardiography confirmed normal function in all implants. In explants, no reduction in TS, YM or T could be demonstrated and H&E showed mostly acellular leaflet tissue with no difference on Picrosirius red. TEM demonstrated consistent collagen disruption after cryopreservation in all three groups, with no morphological deterioration during the study period. von Kossa stains showed mild calcification in group 3. No deterioration of structural integrity could be demonstrated using strength or morphological evaluations between the controls and implant groups over the study period. Extending the post mortem harvesting time of homografts beyond 24 h did not appear to negatively affect the long-term performance of such transplanted valves in this study.

Article	Year
Reprogramming Bone Marrow Stem Cells to Functional Endothelial Cells in a Mini Pig Animal Model. Medical science monitor basic research\| PubMed ID: 28814711	2017
Use of Fondaparinux Off-Label or Approved Anticoagulants for Management of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia. Journal of the American College of Cardiology\| PubMed ID: 29169470	2017
Invited Commentary. The Annals of thoracic surgery\| PubMed ID: 29233765	2018
Cadaver donation: structural integrity of pulmonary homografts harvested 48 h post mortem in the juvenile ovine model. Cell and tissue banking\| PubMed ID: 30311023	2018

Pascal Dohmen

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