management-respiratory-motion-artefacts-18f-fluorodeoxyglucose

Management of Respiratory Motion Artefacts in <sup>18</sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography using an Amplitude-Based Optimal Respiratory Gating Algorithm

Positron emission tomography (PET) combined with X-ray computed tomography (CT) is an important molecular imaging platform that is required for accurate ...

Leiden University Medical Centre

Despite considerable improvements in the treatment options for advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), disease-specific survival remains poor. With the aim of improving patient outcome, the treatment paradigm of locally advanced NSCLC has shifted from solely radiotherapy towards combined and intensified treatment approaches. Also, treatment for patients with stage IV (oligo)metastatic NSCLC has evolved rapidly, with therapeutic options that include a number of targeted agents, surgery, and stereotactic ablative radiotherapy. However, personalizing treatment to the individual patient remains difficult and requires monitoring of biological parameters responsible for treatment resistance to facilitate treatment selection, guidance, and adaptation. PET is a well-established molecular imaging platform that enables non-invasive quantification of many biological parameters that are relevant to both local and systemic therapy. With increasing clinical evidence, PET has gradually evolved from a purely diagnostic tool to a multifunctional imaging modality that can be utilized for treatment selection, adaptation, early response monitoring, and follow up in patients with NSCLC. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the available clinical data on the use of this modality in this setting, and discuss future perspectives of PET imaging for the clinical management of patients with locally advanced and metastatic NSCLC. 

PET in the management of locally advanced and metastatic NSCLC.

Low count single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is becoming more important in view of whole body SPECT and reduction of radiation dose. In this study, we investigated the performance of several 3D ordered subset expectation maximization (3DOSEM) and maximum a posteriori (MAP) algorithms for reconstructing low count SPECT images.

Performance of 3DOSEM and MAP algorithms for reconstructing low count SPECT acquisitions.

Developments in image reconstruction techniques for planar imaging, also known as enhanced planar processing (EPP), enable the possibility to reconstruct planar scintigraphic images with low count statistics, providing the opportunity to reduce image acquisition time. In this study, the performance of EPP for oncologic half-time bone scintigraphy images was evaluated.

Half-time bone scintigraphy in prostate and breast cancer patients.

This study evaluated the use of total lesion glycolysis (TLG) determined by different automatic segmentation algorithms, for early response monitoring in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients during concomitant chemoradiotherapy.

Performance of automatic image segmentation algorithms for calculating total lesion glycolysis for early response monitoring in non-small cell lung cancer patients during concomitant chemoradiotherapy.

Accurate measurement of intratumor heterogeneity using parameters of texture on PET images is essential for precise characterization of cancer lesions. In this study, we investigated the influence of respiratory motion and varying noise levels on quantification of textural parameters in patients with lung cancer.

The Impact of Optimal Respiratory Gating and Image Noise on Evaluation of Intratumor Heterogeneity on 18F-FDG PET Imaging of Lung Cancer.

With a worldwide annual incidence of 1.8 million cases, lung cancer is the most diagnosed form of cancer in men and the third most diagnosed form of cancer in women. Histologically, 80-85% of all lung cancers can be categorized as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). For patients with locally advanced NSCLC, standard of care is fractionated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy. With the aim of improving clinical outcome of patients with locally advanced NSCLC, combined and intensified treatment approaches are increasingly being used. However, given the heterogeneity of this patient group with respect to tumor biology and subsequent treatment response, a personalized treatment approach is required to optimize therapeutic effect and minimize treatment induced toxicity. Medical imaging, in particular positron emission tomography (PET), before and during the course radiotherapy is increasingly being used to personalize radiotherapy. In this setting, PET imaging can be used to improve delineation of target volumes, employ molecularly-guided dose painting strategies, early response monitoring, prediction and monitoring of treatment-related toxicity. The concept of PET image-guided adaptive radiotherapy (IGART) is an interesting approach to personalize radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced NSCLC, which might ultimately contribute to improved clinical outcomes and reductions in frequency of treatment-related adverse events in this patient group. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of available clinical data supporting the use of PET imaging for IGART in patients with locally advanced NSCLC.

Article	Year
PET in the management of locally advanced and metastatic NSCLC. Nature reviews. Clinical oncology\| PubMed ID: 25917254	2015
Performance of 3DOSEM and MAP algorithms for reconstructing low count SPECT acquisitions. Zeitschrift fur medizinische Physik\| PubMed ID: 26725165	2016
Half-time bone scintigraphy in prostate and breast cancer patients. The quarterly journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging : official publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [and] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [and] Section of the Society of...\| PubMed ID: 26883516	2018
Performance of automatic image segmentation algorithms for calculating total lesion glycolysis for early response monitoring in non-small cell lung cancer patients during concomitant chemora... Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology\| PubMed ID: 27178141	2016
The Impact of Optimal Respiratory Gating and Image Noise on Evaluation of Intratumor Heterogeneity on 18F-FDG PET Imaging of Lung Cancer. Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine\| PubMed ID: 27283931	2016
Image-guided adaptive radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: the art of PET. The quarterly journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging : official publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [and] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [and] Section of the Society of...\| PubMed ID: 29869486	2018

Willem Grootjans

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