virtual-hand-with-ambiguous-movement-between-self-other-origin-sense

Virtual Hand with Ambiguous Movement between the Self and Other Origin: Sense of Ownership and 'Other-Produced' Agency

The feeling that a body part is one&#8217;s own body (sense of ownership; SoO) and the feeling based on the causal relationship between one&#8217;s will ...

Waseda University

A monocular see-through head-mounted display (HMD) allows the user to view displayed information while simultaneously interacting with the surrounding environment. This configuration lets people use HMDs while they are moving, such as while walking. However, sharing attention between the display and environment can compromise a person's performance in any ongoing task, and controlling one's gait may add further challenges. In this study, the authors investigated how the requirements of HMD-administered visual tasks altered users' performance while they were walking. Twenty-four university students completed 3 cognitive tasks (high- and low-working memory load, visual vigilance) on an HMD while seated and while simultaneously performing a paced walking task in a controlled environment. The results show that paced walking worsened performance (d', reaction time) in all HMD-administered tasks, but visual vigilance deteriorated more than memory performance. The HMD-administered tasks also worsened walking performance (speed, path overruns) in a manner that varied according to the overall demands of the task. These results suggest that people's ability to process information displayed on an HMD may worsen while they are in motion. Furthermore, the use of an HMD can critically alter a person's natural performance, such as their ability to guide and control their gait. In particular, visual tasks that involve constant monitoring of the HMD should be avoided. These findings highlight the need for careful consideration of the type and difficulty of information that can be presented through HMDs while still letting the user achieve an acceptable overall level of performance in various contexts of use.

Visual task performance using a monocular see-through head-mounted display (HMD) while walking.

This study aimed to extract information from body pressure distribution, including comfort, participant body size, and seat characteristics by using supervised deep learning, and body pressure characteristics corresponding to sensory evaluation by using unsupervised deep learning. Body pressure data of 18 participants and 19 kinds of car seats were used for the analysis. Sensory evaluation of 9 items concerning cushion characteristics and seat comfort was conducted. From the analysis, we determined that body size and car seats could be classified with high precision by using body pressure distribution data. For the sensory evaluation items, the correct answer rate was high. By examining the importance of the cells of the mat, the features of the body pressure mat at the seat cushion and backrest, body size, car seat, and parts related to sensory evaluation could be determined in detail. The study findings can be applied in the development of car seats.

Analysis of body pressure distribution on car seats by using deep learning.

Virtual reality (VR) technology has started to gain attention as a form of surgical support in medical settings. Likewise, the widespread use of smartphones has resulted in the development of various medical applications; for example, Google Cardboard, which can be used to build simple head-mounted displays (HMDs). However, because of the absence of observed and reported outcomes of the use of three-dimensional (3D) organ models in relevant environments, we have yet to determine the effects of or issues with the use of such VR technology.

Use of Smartphone-Based Head-Mounted Display Devices to View a Three-Dimensional Dissection Model in a Virtual Reality Environment: Pilot Questionnaire Study.

How long fecal samples can withstand a period of refrigeration or room temperature, and the appropriate preservative, are largely unknown. Cary-Blair transport medium has been used for many years because it is inexpensive and prevents bacterial overgrowth. However, its effectiveness for metagenomic analyses has never been tested. We found that the microbial compositions using a 16S rRNA sequence of samples left at 4°C for 3 or 7 days or at 25°C for 1, 3, or 7 days differed significantly from samples stored at -80°C in no-preservative method. Whereas samples stored in Cary-Blair medium remained unchanged for longer periods. The relative abundances of phylum Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria, changed significantly at 25°C, whereas Cary-Blair medium inhibited the reduction in Bacteroidetes and the increase in Actinobacteria. The bacterial survival counts were significantly lower in the RNAlater samples than in the Cary-Blair samples under aerobic and anaerobic culture conditions. In conclusion, storage time and storage temperature significantly affect the gut microbial composition in fecal samples. Given the low cost, inhibitory effect on bacterial changes, and potential utility in bacterial isolation, Cary-Blair medium containers are suitable for large-scale or hospital-based microbiome studies, especially if direct freezing at -80°C is unavailable.

Article	Year
Visual task performance using a monocular see-through head-mounted display (HMD) while walking. Journal of experimental psychology. Applied\| PubMed ID: 24188332	2013
Analysis of body pressure distribution on car seats by using deep learning. Applied ergonomics\| PubMed ID: 30509538	2019
Use of Smartphone-Based Head-Mounted Display Devices to View a Three-Dimensional Dissection Model in a Virtual Reality Environment: Pilot Questionnaire Study. JMIR medical education\| PubMed ID: 31344673	2019
Effects of storage temperature, storage time, and Cary-Blair transport medium on the stability of the gut microbiota. Drug discoveries & therapeutics\| PubMed ID: 31611489	2019

Takashi Kawai

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