doxycycline-loaded-collagen-chitosan-composite-scaffold-for

Doxycycline Loaded Collagen-Chitosan Composite Scaffold for the Accelerated Healing of Diabetic Wounds

One major complication of diabetes mellitus is diabetic wounds (DW). The prolonged phase of inflammation in diabetes obstructs the further stages of an ...

JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research

Breast cancer is one of the leading reasons for the morbidity and mortality of cancer related death globally. The modern therapies are basically the combination of the breast-preserving surgeries or ablation with or without node biopsy or destroying the carcinoma cells adjuvant with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal or biological therapies depending upon the nature of the receptor of the cancerous cells, nature of the lymph node, as well as the tendency of the recurrence. For decade's carcinoma management suffered by the limitation of imagining, targeting and penetrability problem associated with management and cure of this deadly disease leads to unwanted chemo-toxicity and side effects. Alike other antibody mimetics, affibodies are designed with the combinatorial protein engineering approaches which are small and robust protein scaffolds retaining the favorable folding and stability. Affibody is one of the significantly important tools for imaging and diagnosis of the affinity specific over expressed proteins in the breast cancer management. The review summarizes the various affibody strategies uses in the management of breast cancer.

Affibody molecules for molecular imaging and targeted drug delivery in the management of breast cancer.

Metformin, a well-acknowledged biguanide, safety profile and multiaction drug with low cost for management of type 2 diabetes, makes a first-class candidate for repurposing. The off-patent drug draws huge attention for repositioned for anticancer drug delivery recently. Still few unanswered questions are challenging, among them one leading question; can metformin use as a generic therapy for all breast cancer subtypes? And is metformin able to get over the problem of drug resistance? The review focused on the mechanisms of metformin action specifically for breast cancer therapy and overcoming the resistance; also discusses preclinical and ongoing and completed clinical trials. The existing limitation such as therapeutic dose specifically for cancer treatment, resistance of metformin in breast cancer and organic cation transporters heterogeneity of the drug opens up a new pathway for improved understanding and successful application as repurposed effective chemotherapeutics for breast cancer. However, much more additional research is needed to confirm the accurate efficacy of metformin treatment for prevention of cancer and its recurrence.

Metformin in breast cancer: preclinical and clinical evidence.

Metformin (MET) was effectively encapsulated into O-carboxymethyl chitosan (O-CMC) polymeric formulation using an experimental design method. Six factors Plackett-Burman (PB) design was utilized to find the significant process parameters. Linear equations used to study the effect of each process parameters on particle size (PS), encapsulation efficiency (EE), and zeta potential (ZP) and the most influential three factors decided for further optimization. Optimization was carried out by implementing three-factor three-level Box-Behnken (BB) design. Mathematical models were generated by regression analysis for responses of PS, EE, and ZP. Two-step experimental design took into account for the preparation of optimized formulation with maximum %EE (72.78 ± 9.7%) and minimum PS (225.67 ± 5.53 nm) at optimum process conditions with a ZP of -5.22 mV for the nano-polymeric formulation in an economical matter by reduction chemical use and formulation time. Furthermore, the biological activity of the final formulation was determined by  cytotoxicity study compared to free MET. The cytotoxicity result reveals that both pure drug and nano-formulation biocompatible with MCF10A non-tumorigenic cell line and lethal for the MCF7 cell line. These  results were the first helpful step to further investigate O-CMC loaded MET nanoparticles in diagnostic and therapeutic applications of breast cancer.

Implementation of two different experimental designs for screening and optimization of process parameters for metformin-loaded carboxymethyl chitosan formulation.

Article	Year
Affibody molecules for molecular imaging and targeted drug delivery in the management of breast cancer. International journal of biological macromolecules\| PubMed ID: 28935537	2018
Metformin in breast cancer: preclinical and clinical evidence. Current problems in cancer\| PubMed ID: 31235186	2020
Implementation of two different experimental designs for screening and optimization of process parameters for metformin-loaded carboxymethyl chitosan formulation. Drug development and industrial pharmacy\| PubMed ID: 31486683	2019

Gowthamarajan Kuppuswamy

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