economical-efficient-protocol-for-isolating-culturing-bone-marrow

Economical and Efficient Protocol for Isolating and Culturing Bone Marrow-derived Dendritic Cells from Mice

The demand for dendritic cells (DCs) is gradually increasing as immunology research advances. However, DCs are rare in all tissues. The traditional method ...

preparation-economical-universal-compensation-beads-compatible-for

Preparation of Economical and Universal Compensation Beads Compatible for Multi-species Antibodies

This protocol describes a cost-effective and reproducible method for preparing multi-species-compatible compensation beads for fluorescence compensation ...

The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University

The Second Qilu Hospital of Shandong University

 It has been reported that thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) was up-regulated in multiple malignancies and participated in the regulation of tumor malignant behavior. However, its specific role in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear.  TK1 expression in PCa patients and cell lines was identified via crossover analysis of the public datasets. A series of  experiments and  models was applied to investigate the function of TK1 in PCa. Functional enrichment analyses were further conducted to explore the underlying mechanism. Additionally, TISIDB was applied to explore the correlation between TK1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, immune subtypes, and immune regulatory factors.  TK1 expression was significantly up-regulated in PCa patients and cell lines. TK1 ablation inhibited tumor cell proliferation and migration potential, and  experiments showed that TK1 inactivation can significantly restrain tumor growth. Functional enrichment analysis revealed TK1-related hub genes (AURKB, CCNB2, CDC20, CDCA5, CDK1, CENPA, CENPM, KIF2C, NDC80, NUF2, PLK1, SKA1, SPC25, ZWINT), and found that TK1 was closely involved in the regulation of cell cycle. Moreover, elevated mRNA expression of TK1 was related with higher Gleason score, higher clinical stage, higher pathological stage, higher lymph node stage, shorter overall survival, and DFS in PCa patients. Particularly, TK1 represented attenuated expression in C3 PCa and was related with infiltration of CD4, CD8 T cells, and dendritic cells as well as immunomodulator expression.  Our study indicates that TK1 is a prognostic predictor correlated with poor outcomes of PCa patients, and for the first time represented that TK1 can promote the progression of PCa. Therefore, TK1 may be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, as well as a therapeutic target for PCa.

Assessing the Potential Prognostic and Immunological Role of TK1 in Prostate Cancer.

Urological tumors represent a significant global health challenge, with conventional therapies often proving insufficient to control disease progression. Recent breakthroughs in cellular immunotherapy, particularly in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell, CAR-natural killer cell, and CAR-macrophage therapies, have demonstrated remarkable potential for treating these malignancies. Ongoing research is actively refining CAR-based strategies to enhance their precision in targeting tumor-associated antigens. This review comprehensively summarizes the applications of CAR cell therapy in the following 3 major urological tumors: renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer. Furthermore, we analyzed the current advantages and limitations of these approaches and propose potential strategies for optimization focused on CAR-T cells. This review will provide future directions in this field and contribute to the development of more effective treatments for patients with urological cancer.

Chimeric antigen receptor-based cell therapy for treating urological tumors.

Tumor organoids mimicking the tumor microenvironment (TME) are key tools for tumor immunity research and personalized cancer therapy development. We integrated microgravity culture with microfluidic chip technology (Micro-GRA& FLU) to establish a platform for evaluating chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-γδ T cell efficacy under physiological-like conditions. Patient-derived glioblastoma (GBM) cells were microgravity-cultured into glioblastoma organoids (GBOs). Pathological analysis validated GBO similarity to matched GBM in immune cell phenotypes. Microfluidic chips assessed CAR-γδ T cell cytotoxicity against GBOs. The low-cost, easy-to-operate microgravity system generated viable, uniform GBOs that retained GBM TME features. CAR-γδ T cells showed strong cytotoxicity against GBOs in microfluidic chips; individualized combination therapy enhanced their antitumor activity vs. monotherapy. This study establishes a scalable, physiologically relevant Micro-GRA& FLU platform for evaluating CAR-γδ T cell therapies in GBM organoids.

ArticleTotal : 2	Year
Publication title Cited by 3	2022
Publication title	2026

Article	Year
Assessing the Potential Prognostic and Immunological Role of TK1 in Prostate Cancer. Frontiers in genetics\| PubMed ID: 35559045	2022
Chimeric antigen receptor-based cell therapy for treating urological tumors. Current urology\| PubMed ID: 41058764	2025
Microgravity-cultured glioblastoma organoids integrated with microfluidic chip for CAR-γδ T evaluation. Communications biology\| PubMed ID: 41407922	2025

Linpei Guo

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