construction-local-field-potential-microelectrodes-for-vivo

Construction of Local Field Potential Microelectrodes for <em>in vivo</em> Recordings from Multiple Brain Structures Simultaneously

Researchers often need to record local field potentials (LFPs) simultaneously from several brain structures. Recording from multiple desired brain regions ...

University of Virginia

Progesterone is a potent neuromodulator that exerts effects on the brain through neurosteroids, progesterone receptors (PRs), and other molecules. Whether PR activation regulates seizures is not known. We determined whether PR activation increased seizure susceptibility.

Progesterone receptor activation regulates seizure susceptibility.

There are no detailed descriptions of neuronal circuit active during frontal lobe motor seizures. Using activity reporter mice, local field potential recordings, tissue clearing, viral tracing, and super-resolution microscopy, we found neuronal activation after focal motor to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures in the striatum, globus pallidus externus, subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra pars reticulata and neurons of the indirect pathway. Seizures preferentially activated dopamine D2 receptor-expressing neurons over D1 in the striatum, which have different projections. Furthermore, the D2 receptor agonist infused into the striatum exerted an anticonvulsant effect. Seizures activate structures via short and long latency loops, and anatomical connections of the seizure focus determine the seizure circuit. These studies, for the first time, show activation of neurons in the striatum, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, and substantia nigra during frontal lobe motor seizures on the cellular level, revealing a complex neuronal activation circuit subject to modulation by the basal ganglia.

Activation of the basal ganglia and indirect pathway neurons during frontal lobe seizures.

Emerging evidence raises the possibility that progesterone receptor (PR) signaling may contribute to the reproductive hormone fluctuation-linked seizure precipitation, called catamenial epilepsy. Therefore, we studied PR isoform expression in limbic regions involved in temporal lobe epilepsy and the effect of PR activation on neuronal activity and seizures.

Limbic progesterone receptor activity enhances neuronal excitability and seizures.

Bilateral synchronous cortical activity occurs during sleep, attention, and seizures. Canonical models place the thalamus at the center of bilateral cortical synchronization because it generates bilateral sleep spindle oscillations and primarily generalized absence seizures. However, classical studies suggest that the corpus callosum mediates bilateral cortical synchronization.

Article	Year
Progesterone receptor activation regulates seizure susceptibility. Annals of clinical and translational neurology\| PubMed ID: 31353848	2019
Activation of the basal ganglia and indirect pathway neurons during frontal lobe seizures. Brain : a journal of neurology\| PubMed ID: 33730155	2021
Limbic progesterone receptor activity enhances neuronal excitability and seizures. Epilepsia\| PubMed ID: 34164810	2021
Distinct Roles of Rodent Thalamus and Corpus Callosum in Seizure Generalization. Annals of neurology\| PubMed ID: 35226367	2022

Shinnosuke Shiono

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