isolation-intrapulmonary-artery-smooth-muscle-cells-to-investigate

Isolation of Intrapulmonary Artery and Smooth Muscle Cells to Investigate Vascular Responses

The intrapulmonary artery (IPA) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) isolated from rat lungs can be used to study the underlying mechanisms of ...

Naresuan University

This study aims to investigate the effect of oral administration and the direct action of ginger extract or [6]-gingerol on small intestinal contractility. The direct effect of 10 minutes preincubation of ginger ethanolic extract (10, 100 and 300 μg/mL) or [6]-gingerol (1, 30, and 100 μM) on 0.01 to 30 μM ACh-induced contractions of all parts of the small intestine isolated from normal rats was investigated using the organ bath technique. For in vivo study, the rats were orally administered with extract (10, 20, and 100 mg/kg/d) or [6]-gingerol (2 mg/kg/d) for 7 days, followed by determining the contractile responses to ACh of rat isolated duodenum, jejunum, and ileum and their histology were assessed. Direct application of the extract or [6]-gingerol attenuated ACh-induced contractions in each small intestinal segment, E was reduced by 40% to 80%, while EC increased 3- to 8-fold from control. Similarly, in the in vivo study ACh-induced contractions were reduced in all parts of the small intestine isolated from rats orally treated with ginger extract (20 and 100 mg/kg/d) or [6]-gingerol (2 mg/kg/d). E decreased 15% to 30%, while EC increased 1- to 3-fold compared to control. No discernable changes in the histology of intestinal segments were detectable. Thus, the results support the clinical application of ginger for disorders of gastrointestinal motility.

Ginger Extract and [6]-Gingerol Inhibit Contraction of Rat Entire Small Intestine.

The leaves of  spp. promote "physiological balance", and are "cardiotonic and provide blood nourishment". In Asia, these leaves are increasingly consumed as tea and claimed to provide benefits to cardiovascular function, albeit without any scientific proof. Therefore, this study sought to evaluate the action of  leaf aqueous extract (AE) on vascular function and vascular smooth muscle cytotoxicity. AE and a main constituent, mangiferin were investigated for their vasorelaxation of rat mesenteric arteries and aortae . Acute cytotoxicity of AE (0.1-1000 μg/ml) and mangiferin (0.1-100 μM) on rat enzymatically isolated vascular smooth muscle cells was assayed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide. AE dilated rat mesenteric arteries (EC∼107 μg/ml, E∼95%) more than aorta (EC∼265 μg/ml, E∼76%,  < 0.05). AE-induced vasodilation in mesenteric artery was reduced by endothelial removal (EC∼202 μg/ml,  < 0.05), incubation with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (100 μM, L-NAME) (EC∼309 μg/ml,  < 0.05), and partly reduced by L-type Ca channel blockade at higher concentrations. Likewise, mangiferin (1-100 μM) dilated the mesenteric artery more potently than the aorta. However, its maximum relaxation was less than with AE (41% in the mesenteric artery and <10% in the aorta). Isolated vascular smooth muscle cells incubated in AE or mangiferin for 1 h showed no cytotoxicity. Thus, AE is a vasorelaxant while being free of acute cytotoxicity towards vascular smooth muscle, thus potentially ameliorating human vascular dysfunction.

Extract of  leaves and mangiferin are vasodilators while showing no cytotoxicity.

Metabolic disease encompasses most contemporary non-communicable diseases, especially cardiovascular and fatty liver disease. Mulberry fruits of  L. are a favoured food and a traditional medicine. While they are anti-atherosclerotic and reduce hyperlipidemic risk factors, studies need wider scope that include ameliorating cardiovascular and liver pathologies if they are to become clinically effective treatments. Therefore, the present study sought to show that freshly dried mulberry fruits (dMF) might counteract the metabolic/cardiovascular pathologies in mice made hyperlipidemic by high-fat diet (HF).

Article	Year
Ginger Extract and [6]-Gingerol Inhibit Contraction of Rat Entire Small Intestine. Journal of evidence-based integrative medicine\| PubMed ID: 29756476	2018
Extract of leaves and mangiferin are vasodilators while showing no cytotoxicity. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine\| PubMed ID: 31453117	2019
Dried mulberry fruit ameliorates cardiovascular and liver histopathological changes in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic mice. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine\| PubMed ID: 34195030	2021

Usana Chatturong

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