combining-clearing-fluorescence-microscopy-for-visualising-changes

Combining Clearing and Fluorescence Microscopy for Visualising Changes in Gene Expression and Physiological Responses to <em>Plasmodiophora brassicae</em>

Infection of Brassica crops by the soilborne protist Plasmodiophora brassicae leads to gall formation on the underground organs. The formation of galls ...

neuronavigated-focalized-transcranial-direct-current-stimulation

Neuronavigated Focalized Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Administered During Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that allows the modulation of the excitability and plasticity ...

Institute of Plant Genetics Polish Academy of Sciences

University Medicine Greifswald

Successful biotrophic plant pathogens can divert host nutrition toward infection sites. Here we describe how the protist  establishes a long-term feeding relationship with its host by stimulating phloem differentiation and phloem-specific expression of sugar transporters within developing galls. Development of galls in infected Arabidopsis () plants is accompanied by stimulation of host , , and  gene expression leading to an increase in phloem complexity. We characterized how the arrest of this developmental reprogramming influences both the host and the invading pathogen. Furthermore, we found that infection leads to phloem-specific accumulation of SUGARS WILL EVENTUALLY BE EXPORTED TRANSPORTERS11 and 12 facilitating local distribution of sugars toward the pathogen. Utilizing Fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy to monitor spatial distribution of carbohydrates, we found that infection leads to the formation of a strong physiological sink at the site of infection. High resolution metabolic and structural imaging of sucrose distributions revealed that  double mutants are impaired in sugar transport toward the pathogen, delaying disease progression. This work highlights the importance of precise regulation of sugar partitioning for plant-pathogen interactions and the dependence of  's performance on its capacity to induce a phloem sink at the feeding site.

Clubroot Disease Stimulates Early Steps of Phloem Differentiation and Recruits SWEET Sucrose Transporters within Developing Galls.

Drought stress impacts the quality and yield of Pisum sativum. Here, we show how short periods of limited water availability during the vegetative stage of pea alters phloem sap content and how these changes are connected to strategies used by plants to cope with water deficit. We have investigated the metabolic content of phloem sap exudates and explored how this reflects P. sativum physiological and developmental responses to drought. Our data show that drought is accompanied by phloem-mediated redirection of the components that are necessary for cellular respiration and the proper maintenance of carbon/nitrogen balance during stress. The metabolic content of phloem sap reveals a shift from anabolic to catabolic processes as well as the developmental plasticity of P. sativum plants subjected to drought. Our study underlines the importance of phloem-mediated transport for plant adaptation to unfavourable environmental conditions. We also show that phloem exudate analysis can be used as a useful proxy to study stress responses in plants. We propose that the decrease in oleic acid content within phloem sap could be considered as a potential marker of early signalling events mediating drought response.

Phloem exudate metabolic content reflects the response to water-deficit stress in pea plants (Pisum sativum L.).

Although the incidence of stroke in the young is rising, data on long-term outcomes in these patients are scarce. We thus aimed to investigate the long-term risk of recurrent vascular events and mortality in a multicenter study.

ArticleTotal : 2	Year
Publication title Cited by 1	2022
Publication title Cited by 14	2024

Article	Year
Clubroot Disease Stimulates Early Steps of Phloem Differentiation and Recruits SWEET Sucrose Transporters within Developing Galls. The Plant cell\| PubMed ID: 30413655	2018
Phloem exudate metabolic content reflects the response to water-deficit stress in pea plants (Pisum sativum L.). The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology\| PubMed ID: 33738886	2021
Long-term risk of recurrent vascular events and mortality in young stroke patients: Insights from a multicenter study. European journal of neurology\| PubMed ID: 37159485	2023

Robert Malinowski

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