exploring-x-chromosomal-aberrations-ovarian-cells-using-fluorescence

Exploring X Chromosomal Aberrations in Ovarian Cells by Using Fluorescence <em>In Situ</em> Hybridization

Millions of people worldwide deal with issues concerning fertility. Reduced fertility, or even infertility, may be due to many different causes, including ...

Radboudumc

Is it possible to create a model system that mimics ovarian metastatic disease in order to devise new strategies to detect cancer cells and prevent cancer cell transmission via ovarian tissue autotransplantation in cancer survivors?

A preliminary study on a new model system to evaluate tumour-detection and tumour-purging protocols in ovarian cortex tissue intended for fertility preservation.

Different protocols are being used worldwide for the cryopreservation of human ovarian tissue for fertility preservation purposes. The efficiency and efficacy of the majority of these protocols has not been extensively evaluated, possibly resulting in sub-optimally cryopreserved ovarian tissue. To address the impact of this issue, we assessed the effects of two clinically successful human ovarian tissue slow-freezing cryopreservation procedures on the quality of the cryopreserved tissue.

Clinically applied procedures for human ovarian tissue cryopreservation result in different levels of efficacy and efficiency.

This study aims to determine the optimal cryopreservation protocol for whole ovaries intended for preservation of fertility in women.

Complete protection against cryodamage of cryopreserved whole bovine and human ovaries using DMSO as a cryoprotectant.

What is the X chromosomal content of oocytes and granulosa cells of primordial/primary (small) follicles and stromal cells in ovaries of young patients with Turner's syndrome (TS)?

Ovarian follicles of young patients with Turner's syndrome contain normal oocytes but monosomic 45,X granulosa cells.

To report a case of a young girl initially diagnosed with exclusively 45,X Turner syndrome (TS), but with a cryptic mosaicism in the ovary.

Why are some patients with 45,X Turner syndrome fertile? A young girl with classical 45,X Turner syndrome and a cryptic mosaicism in the ovary.

Is it possible to eliminate metastasised chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cells from ovarian cortex fragments by inhibition of Aurora B/C kinases (AURKB/C) without compromising ovarian tissue or follicles?

Purging human ovarian cortex of contaminating leukaemic cells by targeting the mitotic catastrophe signalling pathway.

Restoration of fertility by autologous transplantation of ovarian cortex tissue in former cancer patients may lead to the reintroduction of malignancy via the graft. Pharmacological ex vivo purging of ovarian cortex fragments prior to autotransplantation may reduce the risk of reseeding the cancer. In this study we have investigated the capacity of Everolimus (EVE), an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway, to eradicate Ewing's sarcoma (ES) from ovarian tissue by a short-term ex vivo treatment. Exposure of experimentally induced ES tumor foci in ovarian tissue to EVE for 24 h completely eliminated the malignant cells without detrimental effects on follicle morphology, survival or early folliculogenesis. This indicates that effective purging of ovarian cortex tissue from contaminating ES tumor foci is possible by short-term exposure to EVE.

Complete Purging of Ewing Sarcoma Metastases from Human Ovarian Cortex Tissue Fragments by Inhibiting the mTORC1 Signaling Pathway.

To assess the use of tumor-specific designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) fused to a domain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A for purging of cancer metastases from the ovarian cortex.

Assessing the use of tumor-specific DARPin-toxin fusion proteins for ex vivo purging of cancer metastases from human ovarian cortex before autotransplantation.

Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and subsequent autotransplantation is a successful technique for fertility preservation in oncological patients. However, there are concerns regarding safety, as the graft may contain malignant cells that could lead to the reintroduction of cancer. To circumvent this problem several experimental strategies are being pursued. This systematic review was conducted to provide an overview of the strategies aiming to safely use cryopreserved human ovarian tissue to restore fertility after cancer. Thirty-one studies were included, covering five different experimental strategies: (i) in-vitro maturation of oocytes, (ii) constructing an artificial ovary as a scaffold for reseeding pre-antral follicles, (iii) purging strategies aimed at the eradication of contaminating malignant cells, (iv) maturation of oocytes by xenotransplantation, and (v) stem cell-based oogenesis. These strategies to circumvent the reintroduction of cancer cells through ovarian tissue autotransplantation are being developed, but so far have not reached the stage of clinical trials. Further research is required to establish their risks and effectiveness while the ethical aspects associated with these strategies also need to be discussed. Despite the fact that these experimental procedures are still under development, they might provide safe fertility restoration options for oncological patients in the future.

Article	Year
A preliminary study on a new model system to evaluate tumour-detection and tumour-purging protocols in ovarian cortex tissue intended for fertility preservation. Human reproduction (Oxford, England)\| PubMed ID: 25662807	2015
Clinically applied procedures for human ovarian tissue cryopreservation result in different levels of efficacy and efficiency. Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics\| PubMed ID: 27714478	2016
Complete protection against cryodamage of cryopreserved whole bovine and human ovaries using DMSO as a cryoprotectant. Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics\| PubMed ID: 28580514	2017
Ovarian follicles of young patients with Turner's syndrome contain normal oocytes but monosomic 45,X granulosa cells. Human reproduction (Oxford, England)\| PubMed ID: 31398245	2019
Why are some patients with 45,X Turner syndrome fertile? A young girl with classical 45,X Turner syndrome and a cryptic mosaicism in the ovary. Fertility and sterility\| PubMed ID: 33342535	2021
Purging human ovarian cortex of contaminating leukaemic cells by targeting the mitotic catastrophe signalling pathway. Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics\| PubMed ID: 33725274	2021
Complete Purging of Ewing Sarcoma Metastases from Human Ovarian Cortex Tissue Fragments by Inhibiting the mTORC1 Signaling Pathway. Journal of clinical medicine\| PubMed ID: 34640378	2021
Assessing the use of tumor-specific DARPin-toxin fusion proteins for ex vivo purging of cancer metastases from human ovarian cortex before autotransplantation. F&S science\| PubMed ID: 35559858	2021
Strategies to safely use cryopreserved ovarian tissue to restore fertility after cancer: a systematic review. Reproductive biomedicine online\| PubMed ID: 35945106	2022

Ronald Peek

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