a-swin-transformer-based-model-for-thyroid-nodule-detection

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

In recent years, the incidence of thyroid cancer has been increasing. Thyroid nodule detection is critical for both the detection and treatment of thyroid ...

West China Hospital of Sichuan University

To evaluate the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of chylous mesenteric cysts (CMCs) in children.

Chylous mesenteric cysts in children.

To study the related factors of central lymph node (CLN) metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC),the indications and the extent of central neck dissection (CND).

[Related factors of central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma].

To study the pattern of lymph node spread in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with clinically negative node (cN0).

[Lateral neck lymph node metastasis in cN0 papillary thyroid carcinoma].

In this paper, a series of novel 4-substituted coumarin derivatives were synthesized. Among these compounds 34, 39, 40, 43, 62, 65, and 67 exhibited significant antiproliferative activity toward a panel of tumor cell lines at subnanomolar IC50 values. Compound 65 showed potent antiproliferative ability (IC50 values of 7-47 nM) and retained full activity in multidrug resistant cancer cells. Compound 65 caused G2/M phase arrest and interacted with the colchicine-binding site in tubulin, as confirmed by immune-fluorescence staining, microtubule dynamics assays, and competition assays with N,N'-ethylene-bis(iodoacetamide). Compound 65 reduced the cell migration and disrupted capillary-like tube formation in HUVEC cells. Importantly, compound 65 significantly and dose-dependently reduced tumor growth in four xenografts models including paclitaxel sensitive and resistant ovarian tumors (A2780s and A2780/T), adrmicycin sensitive and resistant breast tumors (MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR), suggesting that compound 65 is a promising novel antimitotic compound for the potential treatment of cancer.

Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of in Vitro and in Vivo Anticancer Activity of 4-Substituted Coumarins: A Novel Class of Potent Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors.

Millepachine (MIL) was a novel chalcone that was separated from Millettia pachycarpa Benth (Leguminosae). We found MIL induced apoptosis through activating NF-κB pathway both in SK-OV-3 and A2780S cells. Western blot showed that MIL increased the levels of IKKα, p-IKKα/β, p-IκBα and NF-κB (p65) proteins, and decreased the expression of IκBα protein. Immunohistochemistry analysis indicated that translocation of NF-κB into the nucleus increased in both ovarian cancer cells. EMSA assay proved MIL enhanced NF-κB DNA-binding activity in the nuclear. That specific NF-κB inhibitors alleviated MIL-induced apoptosis suggested NF-κB activation showed a pro-apoptotic function in SK-OV-3 and A2780S cells. Since NF-κB could be activated by double strand breaks and showed a pro-apoptotic function in the DNA damage response, SCGE assay and western blot revealed that MIL caused DNA strand breaks and significantly increased the level of p-ATM protein and further increased the levels of p-IKKα/β and NF-κB (p65) protein in SK-OV-3 and A2780S cells, while a specific ATM inhibitor could alleviated these effects. Moreover, Topoisomerase II drug screening kit and computer modeling assay were used to prove that MIL induced the production of linear DNA and inhibited the activity of topoisomerase II through binding with Topoisomerase II-Cleaved DNA complex to stabilize the complex. Taken together, our results identified that MIL exhibited anti-tumor activity through inhibiting topoisomerase II activity to induce tumor cells DNA damage, and MIL-activated NF-κB pathway showed a pro-apoptotic function in response to DNA damage.

Millepachine, a potential topoisomerase II inhibitor induces apoptosis via activation of NF-κB pathway in ovarian cancer.

What are the multimode sonographic features of adenoid cystic carcinoma metastasized to the thyroid?

An accurate diagnosis for high-suspicion nodules based on the 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines would reduce unnecessary invasive examinations. Elastography is a useful tool for discriminating benign and malignant thyroid nodules. The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnostic efficiency of elastography for high-suspicion thyroid nodules based on the 2015 ATA guidelines in the Chinese population.

Elastography for the diagnosis of high-suspicion thyroid nodules based on the 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines: a multicenter study.

Thyroid carcinoma constitutes the vast majority of all thyroid cancer, most of which is the solid nodule type. No previous studies have examined combining both conventional and elastic sonography to evaluate the diagnostic performance of partially cystic thyroid cancer (PCTC). This retrospective study was designed to evaluate differentiation of PCTC from benign partially cystic nodules with a machine learning-assisted system based on ultrasound (US) and elastography.

Partially cystic thyroid cancer on conventional and elastographic ultrasound: a retrospective study and a machine learning-assisted system.

 This retrospective study aimed to analyze the ultrasound (US) imaging features of solitary papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) located in the isthmus and to assess the risk factors for lymph node metastasis (LNM) and tumor capsular invasion.  We included a total of 135 patients with solitary PTC located in the isthmus. All the cases underwent US, total thyroidectomy, and prophylactic central lymph node dissection. Patients' demographic and thyroid isthmus nodules' US characteristics, as well as risk factors associated with LNM and tumor capsular invasion, were analyzed.  It was revealed that the occurrence of LNM was higher in male patients than in female patients ( < 0.001). As risk factors, the size of PTC in the isthmus was found to be associated with LNM and tumor capsular invasion ( = 0.005 and 0.000, respectively). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the size of the isthmus PTC was 0.64 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.55-0.72], indicating a probability for LNM. The AUC value for tumor capsular invasion was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.68-0.83). When the threshold was set to 1.1 cm, the larger size indicated that there was a probability of occurrence of LNM with sensitivity and specificity of 47.4 and 73.7%, respectively. When the threshold was set to 0.7 cm, the larger size indicated that there was potentially a tumor capsular invasion, with sensitivity and specificity of 80.6 and 56.3%, respectively. Wider-than-tall nodules were found to be significantly different from those in LNM and tumor capsular invasion ( = 0.038 and 0.030, respectively). There were significant differences in tumor capsular invasion in extrathyroidal extension (ETE) compared with smooth or ill-defined and lobulated or irregular nodules ( = 0.017).  This study showed that the incidence of LNM in male patients was higher than that in female ones. When a US image shows a thyroid isthmus nodule with a wider-than-tall shape, LNM and tumor capsular invasion were likely to occur. When a US image shows a thyroid isthmus nodule with an ETE, tumor capsular invasion was likely to occur. ETE and wider-than-tall may be indicators of FNA under US guidance, even though the size of thyroid isthmus nodule may be <1 cm.

Ultrasonographic Features, Nodule Size, Capsular Invasion, and Lymph Node Metastasis of Solitary Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroid Isthmus.

To investigate the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the differentiation of primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) and nodular Hashimoto's thyroiditis (NHT) in patients with background of heterogeneous diffuse Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT).

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Differential Diagnosis of Primary Thyroid Lymphoma and Nodular Hashimoto's Thyroiditis in a Background of Heterogeneous Parenchyma.

This study investigates the efficiency of deep learning models in the automated diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) using real-world ultrasound data from ultrasound examinations by computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) with artificial intelligence.

Convolutional Neural Network-Based Computer-Assisted Diagnosis of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis on Ultrasound.

Radiomics strategies exhibit great promise in the context of thyroid nodule diagnosis. This study aimed to compare radiomics features of different sizes of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tumors and to compare the efficiency of radiomics approaches as a means of differentiating between these tumor types.

Article	Year
Chylous mesenteric cysts in children. Surgery today\| PubMed ID: 21365416	2011
[Related factors of central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma]. Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery\| PubMed ID: 22932241	2012
[Lateral neck lymph node metastasis in cN0 papillary thyroid carcinoma]. Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery\| PubMed ID: 23141398	2012
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of in Vitro and in Vivo Anticancer Activity of 4-Substituted Coumarins: A Novel Class of Potent Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors. Journal of medicinal chemistry\| PubMed ID: 27213819	2016
Millepachine, a potential topoisomerase II inhibitor induces apoptosis via activation of NF-κB pathway in ovarian cancer. Oncotarget\| PubMed ID: 27447570	2016
What are the multimode sonographic features of adenoid cystic carcinoma metastasized to the thyroid? Chinese medical journal\| PubMed ID: 30614858	2019
Elastography for the diagnosis of high-suspicion thyroid nodules based on the 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines: a multicenter study. BMC endocrine disorders\| PubMed ID: 32245458	2020
Partially cystic thyroid cancer on conventional and elastographic ultrasound: a retrospective study and a machine learning-assisted system. Annals of translational medicine\| PubMed ID: 32395539	2020
Ultrasonographic Features, Nodule Size, Capsular Invasion, and Lymph Node Metastasis of Solitary Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroid Isthmus. Frontiers in oncology\| PubMed ID: 33117691	2020
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Differential Diagnosis of Primary Thyroid Lymphoma and Nodular Hashimoto's Thyroiditis in a Background of Heterogeneous Parenchyma. Frontiers in oncology\| PubMed ID: 33489895	2020
Convolutional Neural Network-Based Computer-Assisted Diagnosis of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis on Ultrasound. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism\| PubMed ID: 34907442	2022
Radiomics Features of Different Sizes of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC) and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) Tumors: A Comparative Study. Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology\| PubMed ID: 35603093	2022
Aggressive primary thyroid lymphoma invading the internal jugular vein: a case series. Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery\| PubMed ID: 36819272	2023

Buyun Ma

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