examining-role-nasopharyngeal-associated-lymphoreticular-tissue-nalt

Examining the Role of Nasopharyngeal-associated Lymphoreticular Tissue (NALT) in Mouse Responses to Vaccines

The nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoreticular tissues (NALT) found in humans, rodents, and other mammals, contribute to immunity in the nasal sinuses1-3. ...

U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases

The study and treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness, has been hampered by a lack of animal models. Here we report that mice deficient either in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (Ccl-2; also known as MCP-1) or its cognate C-C chemokine receptor-2 (Ccr-2) develop cardinal features of AMD, including accumulation of lipofuscin in and drusen beneath the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), photoreceptor atrophy and choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Complement and IgG deposition in RPE and choroid accompanies senescence in this model, as in human AMD. RPE or choroidal endothelial production of Ccl-2 induced by complement C5a and IgG may mediate choroidal macrophage infiltration into aged wild-type choroids. Wild-type choroidal macrophages degrade C5 and IgG in eye sections of Ccl2(-/-) or Ccr2(-/-) mice. Impaired macrophage recruitment may allow accumulation of C5a and IgG, which induces vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production by RPE, possibly mediating development of CNV. These models implicate macrophage dysfunction in AMD pathogenesis and may be useful as a platform for validating therapies.

Article	Year
Journal of neuroimmunology\| PubMed ID: 11880153	2002
An animal model of age-related macular degeneration in senescent Ccl-2- or Ccr-2-deficient mice. Nature medicine\| PubMed ID: 14566334	2003
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)\| PubMed ID: 14764735	2004
Cellular immunology\| PubMed ID: 14962494	2003
The Journal of general virology\| PubMed ID: 17170447	2007
Infection and immunity\| PubMed ID: 17220311	2007
Virology\| PubMed ID: 19013627	2009
Immunology\| PubMed ID: 20465563	2010
Innate immunity\| PubMed ID: 20699281	2011
Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI\| PubMed ID: 21270280	2011
PloS one\| PubMed ID: 21283748	2011
Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI\| PubMed ID: 21325486	2011
PloS one\| PubMed ID: 22848400	2012

Stefan Fernandez

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